unit4 book3 part2

•In-ClassReadingCareerPlanningReview•careerplanning•flaw•stigma•complacency•rationalization•hypervigilance•contingency•timeblockCareerplanningdoesnotnecessarilyfollowroutineorlogicalsteps.Introduction(Para.1)Students’weaknessesincareerplanning(Para.2)A.Complacency—ignoringchallenginginformation.B.Defensiveavoidance—resortingtowishfulthinkingordaydreaming.Seriousflawsinthewaysofdecisionmaking(Para.3-5)C.Hypervigilance—searchingfranticallyforcareerpossibilitiesandseizingonhastilyinventedsolutions.Keystocareerplanning(Para.6-11)A.Studyoneself.B.Writeone’scareergoalsdown.C.Reviewone’splansandprogressperiodicallywithanotherperson.D.Ifonepersonchoosesacareerthatdoesnotfithim,hecanstartover.A.Fewchangesinvolvedownwardmovement;mostinvolvegettingahead.Changesincareers(Para.12-13)Conclusion(Para.14-15)B.Jobchangesandcareershiftsoccuratallages.Althoughthereisnosurewaytomakecareerplansworkout,therearethingsthatanyonecandonowtoshapeone’scareerpossibilities.佳句欣赏本句中三个动名词短语:gathering…,estimating…,choosing…都作动词includes的宾语，说明“职业规划”要涉及的三种行为。这三个连续的动名词短语使句子意义表达更充分连贯。include后接v.-ing形式。最后一个动词短语中，关系代词that引导定语从句修饰alternatives。译文Careerplanningincludesgatheringinformationaboutourselvesandaboutoccupations,estimatingtheprobableoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,andfinally,choosingalternativesthatwefindattractiveandfeasible.(Line3)解决办法包括与海外花卉种植商合作，而不是要与他们竞争；设置几个批发中心来销售进口玫瑰；扩大他们的经营领域同时兼做海外花卉生产者的代理商。教师首先要考虑的事情之一是唤起学生的兴趣，激发他们的创造性。Thesolutionsincludeworkingwithforeignflowergrowersinsteadoffightingthem,havingafewdistributioncenterstosellimportedroses,wideningtheirbusinessareaandbeingarepresentativeforoverseasflowerproducers.Ateacher’sprioritiesincludeexcitingstudents’interestsandstimulatingtheircreativity.Example译文Careerplanningincludesgatheringinformationaboutourselvesandaboutoccupations,estimatingtheprobableoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,andfinally,choosingalternativesthatwefindattractiveandfeasible.(Line3)进行择业规划，要收集有关我们自身以及职业的信息资料，估计采取各种举动可能出现的结果，最后做出我们认为有吸引力并且可行的选择。难句分析句子的主要结构为Theyciteevidence。从属连词that引导四个名词性从句，作宾语evidence的同位语。译文Theyciteevidencethat(1)moststudentschoosefromamongaverynarrowgroupofoccupations;(2)asmanyas40to60percentchooseprofessionaloccupations,…toexpressanychoiceofoccupation.(Line8)难句分析choosefromamong从……中选择。介词from可与副词或介词短语搭配，如：fromabove,fromacross,frombehind,frombelow,frominside,fromunder,fromwithin,fromoutof等。译文Theyciteevidencethat(1)moststudentschoosefromamongaverynarrowgroupofoccupations;(2)asmanyas40to60percentchooseprofessionaloccupations,…toexpressanychoiceofoccupation.(Line8)Example我们从所有好吃的食品中挑选茶点吃，后来又吃了水果馅饼和圣诞蛋糕。Forteawe’dchosenfromamongallthedeliciousfood,followedbyfruitpiesandChristmascake.声音从门后传来。Asoundcomesfrombehindthedoor.句中的asmanyas在句中起强调作用，意思是“多达”，省略该部分句子结构仍然完整。相似的句子见课文中：Ithasbeenestimatedthatasmanyasoneoutoffourmaleworkers…changetheirlinesofwork.(Line74)Example世界卫生组织说全世界有多达一亿的人口可能具有导致艾滋病的病毒。TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysasmanyas10millionpersonsintheworldmayhavethevirusthatcausesAIDS.Itisreportedthatasmanyas5millioninUSinfectedwithH1N1.译文许多观察家指出学生在择业规划方面不是很在行。他们列出了以下事实：1)大部分学生选择职业的范围很窄；2)多达40%至60%的学生选择专业性的职业……。Theyciteevidencethat(1)moststudentschoosefromamongaverynarrowgroupofoccupations;(2)asmanyas40to60percentchooseprofessionaloccupations,…toexpressanychoiceofoccupation.(Line8)3．Ofcourse,complacencyisappropriateforanydecisioninwhichnothingmuchisatstake,butthatdoesnotdescribecareerdecisions.Translation当然，对于不决定成败的决策，自满是可以的，但做涉及职业方面的的决策时，来不得自满。QuestionWhatdoes“that”refertointhissentence?AnswerItrefersto“complacencyisappropriateforanydecisioninwhichnothingmuchisatstake”.Thefirstpartofthesentenceisarestrictiveattributiveclauseintroducedby“proposition+relativeword”.本句第一部分是由“介词＋关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式语体。能作这种用法的关系代词主要是which，其次是whom，有时是关系限定词whose。例如：Theytriedtothinkofaplanbywhichtheycouldfulfilltheirtaskaheadoftime.在该用法中，介词的选择受到上下文的制约，或与前面的名词词组的搭配有关，或与后面的动词词组搭配有关。例如：CommentsRadialflowturbinesdifferinthemannerinwhichthesteamflowisarranged.(inthemanner)Thematerialofwhichtheapparatusismadeofisagoodnonconductorofheat.(ismadeof)此外还有由“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，例如：Atlasttherewassomethingaboutwhichtowritehome.上述非限制性定语从句一般用于正式语体，在非正式语体中通常用不带关系代词但句末带介词的不定式分句。例如：Atlasttherewassomethingtowritehomeabout.关于限制性定语从句的翻译见本单元的FurtherDevelopment。语法训练“Whenconfrontedwith…”是省略形式的状语从句，省略的部分是从句的主语和部分谓语be,即“theyare”。“连词+过去分词/现在分词/形容词”作状语时常用省略形式，这些连词可以是when,though/although,asif/asthough,if,evenif,once,unless,until等。译文Whenconfrontedwithadecisionandunabletobelievetheycanfindanacceptablesolution,somepeopleremaincalmbyresortingtowishfulthinkingordaydreaming.(Line23)Example这幢建筑完成后会很好看。书一出版就引起了轰动。Thisbuildingwilllooknicewhenfinished.Oncepublished,thebookcausedaremarkablestir.他在中国学习时对京剧产生了兴趣。WhilestudyinginChina,hebecameinterestedinBeijingOpera.请完成下面的句子。Exercise______________________________(他一被任命为最高统帅之后),hetookthesternmeasuresexpectedofhim.Onceappointedsupremecommander________________________(尽管并不富有),theBlakesarereadytohelpothers.Though(theyare)poor______________________(当我正做作业时),myfathercameinandinterruptedme.WhendoingmyhomeworkConfr