全新版大学英语快速阅读英汉对照UNIT6

1Unit6第六单元Karoshi过劳死Youmightbeoftheopinionthatalittlehardworkneverhurtanyone,butthisoldsaying你可能会认为有点努力工作不会伤害任何人,但这个老说iswearingthin.TokyointeriorsfitterNobuoMiuro,quiteliterally,diedinhisworkboots穿着瘦。东京的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感钳工NobuoMiuro照字面上,死于他的工作的靴子inthemiddleofa17-hourshift:aJapanesedoctorreturnedaverdictofdeathbyoverwork.这场当中的改变:日本医生裁定死于加班。It'saphenomenonthathasbecomesocommoninJapan(whereatypicalofficeworkercan那是一种现象,已经非常普遍在日本(在一个典型的办公室工人可以leavehomeat7am,onlygettingbackafter11pm)thattheyevenhavetheirownwordforit:早上7点离开家,只在晚上11点后打回到,他们甚至还有自己的的话:2karoshi.“过劳死”。KaroshihasyettomakeitasabuzzwordincurrentBritishusage,butthat'snottosay还没有过劳死,在当前的热门话题,而英国的用法,但这并不是说thatlonghoursandwork-relatedstressaren'ttakingtheirtollonushere.Self-reported那么长时间和工作压力不重要,我们这里的代价。自报的healthproblemsinthepast12monthsbypeopleintheUKworking48hoursormorehave健康问题,在过去的12个月,英国人在48小时内工作includedmentalexhaustion(54%),difficultysleeping(43%)andrangefromchronic包括精神的疲惫(5400%),入睡困难(43%)年龄从慢性headachesandirritableboweltroubletoulcersanddrugoralcoholproblems.头痛和肠易激麻烦去溃疡和吸毒或喝酒的问题。3Theweirdthingisthatnotallofthischaosisbroughtaboutbecauseweworkformean奇怪的是,不是所有这些带来混乱,因为我们工作的意思bosses,keentokeepusworkingevenonChristmasday.老板,想把我们的工作更圣诞节。Deborahisthemarketingdirectorofamajorfashionoutlet.Sheregularlyburnsthe黛博拉是营销总监的一个主要时尚的电源插座上。她经常会midnightoilbuthasfewregrets.Ididbegintoworryabitwhentheymovedthechocolate并没有太多的遗憾开夜车。“我做了开始有点担心当他们把巧克力vendingmachinerightoutsidemyofficedoor.ApparentlyIgetthroughmorechocolatebars自动售货机就在外面我的办公室的门。显然我抓住更多的巧克力inoneweekthantheentiresecondfloorgetthroughinamonth.Butotherthannothavinga比在一个星期内度过整个三楼的在一个月。但是除了没有4particularlyhealthydietandprobablydrinkingmorecoffeethanisgoodforme,Ireally尤其是健康的饮食和可能喝的咖啡而非对我也有好处,我真的lovemyjob.热爱我的工作。”Butthere'sanotherreasonDeborahsayssheworkssohard.Mostofficesarestillalittle但在底波拉的另一个原因就是说她工作很努力。“大多数办公室还是有点dominatedbymales,shesays.Beingawoman,IfeelthatIhavetoworkevenharderthan男性主导的,”她说。“作为一个女人,我觉得我有更加努力地工作themenifIwanttobetakenseriously.Deborahbelievesthatforwomentosucceedinthe男人如果我想受到重视。”黛博拉认为成功的女性workplacetheyhavetoshouldermorethantheirfairshareoftheworkload,butshe's他们会承担工作比他们相同的工作量,但她的5adamantthathereffortsarebeingrewarded.坚信她的努力正在给予奖励。InrecognitionofmyhardworkIwasgivenanewAlfaRomeoasmycompanycarandthey're“教授,以表扬他们在我的努力工作他给我一个新的阿尔发罗密欧作为公司车,它们是talkingaboutgivingmeapostinginItalynextyear.LuckyDeborah!Italians,accordingto谈论让我张贴在意大利明年。”幸运的底波拉!根据意大利人,theTradesUnionCongress,onlyworkanaverageof38.5hourseveryweek.英国工会联盟平均工作的,只有们只有38.5小时每星期。TheCultureofLeadTime'“领先的文化来,AdvancenoticeisoftenreferredtoinAmericaasleadtime,anexpressionwhichis通知在美国常被称为“交货期,”表示的6significantinaculturewhereschedulesareimportant.Whileitislearnedinformally,most重要的意义,在一种文化,在时间表是很重要的。而据了解非正式地,最多ofusarefamiliarwithhowitworksinourownculture,eventhoughwecannotstatethe我们都很熟悉如何操作,在自己的文化中,虽然我们不能说的rulestechnically.Therulesforleadtimeinothercultures,however,haverarelybeen规则技术上。交货时间的规则在其他一些文化中,然而,人们很少analyzed.Atthemosttheyareknownbyexperiencetothosewholivedabroadforsometime.分析。在最他们广为人知的经验,那些在国外住了一段时间。Yetthinkhowimportantitistoknowhowmuchtimeisrequiredtopreparepeople,orfor然而认为是多么的重要,知道有多少时间是要准备的人,或者themtopreparethemselves,forthingstocome.Sometimesleadtimewouldseemtobevery他们准备自己,因为事情。有时他们会时间会显得很7extended.Atothertimes,intheMiddleEast,anyperiodlongerthanaweekmaybetoolong.延长。在其他时候,在中东,任何一段时间超过星期可能太长了。Howtroublesomedifferingwaysofhandlingtimecanbeiswellillustratedbythecaseofan不同处理方式多大的麻烦时间可以有精美的插图的具体俺AmericanagriculturalistassignedtodutyasanattacheofourembassyinaLatincountry.美国agriculturalist指定责任作为一种封装在拉丁美国大使馆的国家。Afterwhatseemedtohimasuitableperiodheletitbeknownthathewouldliketocallon在经过似乎一个合理的时间内他让大家知道他想叫theministerwhowashiscounterpart.Forvariousreasons,thesuggestedtimewasnot这位部长谁是他的配偶。由于种种原因,提出的时间suitable;allsortsofcuescamebacktotheeffectthatthetimewasnotyetripetovisit合适的,各种线索回到效果当时时机未成熟去看望他的祖父8theminister.Ourfriend,however,persistedandforcedanappointment,whichwas部长。我们的朋友,然而,坚持并迫使预约,这是reluctantlygranted.Arrivingalittlebeforethehour(theAmericanrespectpattern),he不情愿地同意。到了小之前到达(美国尊重图案),他waited.Thehourcameandpassed;fiveminutes—tenminutes—fifteenminutes.Atthispoint等待。时候到了,并通过;5minutes-tenminutes-fifteen分钟。在这一点上hesuggestedtothesecretarythatperhapstheministerdidnotknowhewaswaitinginthe他建议对秘书说的也许部长却不知道他是等在outeroffice.Thisgavehimthefeelinghehaddonesomethingconcreteandalsohelpedto办公室外间。这给了他一种感觉他没有什么具体,也帮助9overcomethegreatanxietythatwasstirringinsidehim.Twentyminutes—twenty-fiveminutes克服十分焦虑不安的他。20minutes-twenty-five分钟—thirtyminutes—forty-fiveminutes(theinsultperiod)!minutes-forty-five分钟(对风车时间)!Hejumpedupandtoldthesecretarythathehadbeencoolinghisheelsinanouteroffice他跳了起来,叫秘书,他已经被“镇定他的脚跟”在办公室外间forforty-fiveminutesandhewasdamnedsickandtiredofthistypeoftreatment.This为45分钟,他是“该死的烦透了”的这种类型的治疗。这messagewasrelayedtotheminister,whosaid,ineffect,Lethimcoolhisheels.The信息是转交给部长,他们说,事实上,“让他冷静他的脚跟。”这attache'sstayinthecountrywasnotahappyone.封装的那呆在这个国家的不是一个幸福的家庭。Theprincipalsourceofmisunderstandinglayinthefactthatinthecountryinquestionthe误解的主要来源躺在的事实是,在国家的问题10five-minutedelayintervalwasno