中考复习名词冠词数词

名词中考复习——名词可数名词不可数名词（量的表示）单数复数（形式变化）aanone(可数名词与不可数名词)•可数名词:表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词.表示一个用单数,两个以上用复数.可数名词前一般要用不定冠词a/an.可数名词的复数是灾单数名词后面加”s”或“es”.可数名词复数前不能用不定冠词a/an.Ihaveawatermelon.Hehastwowatermelons.Hehasawatermelons.Hehaswatermelon.TrueTrueFalseFalse•Uncountablenouns:表示不能计算数目的物,称为不可数名词,它们前面不能用不定冠词a/an,没有复数形式.物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词.•Ilikemusic.•Thereisnowateroraironthemoon.抽象名词物质名词可数名词单数变复数的规律•大部分可数名词直接在其后加s.•以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加es.如：study--studies•以s,x,ch,sh结尾的加es.如：watch—watches,box--boxesclass—classes,brush—brushes其他变化规律见＜中考专项＞第二页Exercises将下列单词变成复数bus-class-box-match-watch-tomato-potato-radio-photo-zoo-family-country-city-story-baby-key-boy-life-knife-leaf-woman-Frenchman-foot-American-Chinese-sheep-child-busesclassesboxesmatcheswatchestomatoespotatoesradiosphotoszoosfamiliescountiescitiesstoriesbabieskeysboyssheepchildrenknivesleaveslivesFrenchmenwomenAmericansfeetChinese不可数名词数量的表达法：在不可数名词前加of短语,利用量词和容器的数量来表示不可数名词的“量”.abottleofmilk---twobottlesofmilkapieceofmeat---threepiecesofmeat表示不可数名词量的相关词语还有：some,alotof,much,alittle,little,lotsof……巩固练习:(1)一茶杯茶（2）一块冰（3）两公斤肉（4）五瓶桔汁（5）半公斤鸡肉（6）许多瓶牛奶abottleofjuiceaglassofmilkabagofriceapoundofbreadapieceofmeatakiloofchicken2bottlesofjuice3glassesofmilk4bagsofrice5poundsofbread6piecesofmeat7kilosofchicken1.不可数名词以容器来计量如:2.不可数名词以表示数量的单位来计算如:复数形式复数形式只把容器变复数只把计量单位变复数注意问题不可数名词可用作复数的几种情况。用来表示类别时，可用复数。例如：drinks各种饮料vegetables各种蔬菜foods各种食物fruits各种水果Therearen’tany_____inthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.A.vegetablesB.fruitC.meatD.eggsA选择填空()1.Iwantthree____whitepaper.A.piecesB.pieceofC.piecesof()2.Doyouwanttodrinkmuch____?A.amilkB.milkC.milks()3.Inautumn,youcanseealotof____ontheground.A.leafB.leafsC.leaves()4.Mysisterhastwo____.Oneisold,theotherisnew.A.awatchB.watchsC.watchesCBCC选择填空()5.TheycomefromJapan.They’re____.A.JapaneseB.JapanesesC.aJapanese()6.Some____arecomingtohelpus.A.peoplesB.peopleC.thepeople()7.Thehorsehasfour____.A.feetB.feetsC.foots()8.Theboyhurtoneofhis_____,sohecouldn’twalkanylonger.A.teethB.handsC.feetD.earsACBA选择填空()9.Wehavealotof____todo.A.worksB.workC.worker()10.Canyouseemany____areeatingthegrassatthefootofthehill?A.sheepsB.sheepC.asheep()11.Therearesix____inkitchen.A.bagofriceB.bagsofricesC.bagsofrice()12.DoyoulikeAmerican____?A.foodsB.foodC.afoodBBCB()13.Hehasthree____underthebed.A.pairofshoeB.pairsofshoeC.pairsofshoes()14.____comefromEngland.TheyspeakEnglish.A.EnglishmanB.EnglishmansC.Englishmen()15.I’mhungry.Giveme____toeat.A.twopiecesofbreadB.twopieceofbreadsC.twopieceofbreadCCA1.SueandJoanare______.A.twinsbrotherB.twinbrothersC.twinssistersD.twinsisters2.Therearelotsof_____overthere.A.applestreesB.applestreeC.appletreesD.appletree3.There____alittlesheepunderthetree.A.areB.isC.beD.aren’t4.Myschoolisabouttwenty_____walkfromhere.A.minutesB.minutes’C.minute’sD.minute5.The____ofanairticketfromDaliantoGuangzhouisabout1,800yuan.A.priceB.moneyD.payD.useChoosethebestanswerDCBBATHEFIRSTROUND6.---WhatcanIdoforyou?---I’dliketwo_______.A.boxofappleB.boxesofappleC.boxofapplesD.boxesofapples8.---CanIhelpyou?---I’dlikesome_____.A.bottleoforangeB.bottlesoforangesC.bottleoforangesD.bottlesoforangeDDC1.________hatlookslikeacat.(Lucy)2.Theyarethe_______desks.(twin)3.Thisshopsells___________(child)toys.4.Heis__________________father.(KateandJim)5.___________________mothersareinthesamefactory.(KateandJim)#单数名词一般直接加’s#以s/es结尾的复数名词加’#不以s结尾的复数名词加’s#表示两个或两个以上的人共同所有的事物时,只在最后一个名词上加’s#表示两个或两个以上的人各自所有的事物时,每个名词后都加’s,后面的名词用复数Lucy’stwins’children’sKateandJim’sKate’sandJim’s:名词所有格多数用于有生命的物体后,表示所属关系(…的）•1.March8thisWomen’sDay.(妇女节)•2.ThechildrenarewearingnewclothesonChildren’sDay.(儿童节那天)•3.ThisisLilyandLucy’sroom.莉莉和露西的房间）•4.TheyareLily’sandLucy’srooms.（莉莉和露西的房间）•5.Thisnewbikeismyfriend,Tom’s.（我的朋友汤姆的）•6.Theoldteacherisafriendofmine/oneofmyfriends.（是我的一个朋友）•7.Thegirlinredisagoodfriendofmysister’s/oneofmysister’sgoodfriends.（是我姐姐的一个好朋友）1.Thisis____bedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A.AnneandJaneB.B.Anne’sandJane’sC.Anne’sandJaneD.AnneandJane’s2.Twobagsareonthetable.Theyare_____.A.thetwins’B.thetwin’sC.twinsD.twin’s冠词冠词主要放在名词之前，说明名词所表示的人或事物，它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词分不定冠词，定冠词和零冠词三种。a和an是不定冠词，the是定冠词。以辅音音素开头的名词前用a,以元音音素开头的名词前用an。如：abookauniversityanapplearedappleanhouranumbrellaanorange不定冠词的用法1.在叙述时用于第一次提到的人或物。Thisisabook.2.泛指人或事物的某一类别，以区别于其他种类。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.3.泛指某人或某物。Agirliswaitingforyou.定冠词的用法1.表示双方都知道的人或事物。Givemethebook,please.2.表示特指的或上文已提到的人或物。Doyouknowthegirlinred?3.表示世界上独一无二的事物。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.4.用在序数词、形容词最高级前面，以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的特殊比较级前：Thefirstclassisveryeasy.Sheisthemostcarefulstudentintheclass.Heistheyoungerofthetwoboys.5.用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前面，或有普通名词构成的专有名词前。theGreatWalltheSummerPalace6.与某些形容词连用表示一类人。Therichshouldhelpthepoor.零冠词的用法1.不可数名词和复数名词表示泛指时，前面用零冠词．Mancan’tlivewithoutwater.Horsesareusefulanimals.2.用在三餐、球类及学科名词前面。Heoftenplaysfootballafterschool.WealllikeEnglish.•用在与by连用的交通工具前bycar,bytrain但是takeabus,inaboat,onthebike前要加冠词。一、数词的分类1、基数词1）21~99的两位数，在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成；例如：53—fifty-three2）101~999的三位数由hundred加and再加两位数或末位数；例如：325—threehundredandtwenty-five3）基数词hundred,