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当前位置:首页 > 临时分类 > 大学英语语法14——宾语从句和同位语从句
CollegeEnglishGrammar:GrammarandWritingByZhuXiangjunUnit14Objectclauseandappositiveclauses•Grammar:1)Objectclause2)Appositiveclauses•Writing:Correcting:MixedConstructionRewriting:Varietyinsentencelength1.ObjectclausesWhenanounclausefunctionsasanobject,itiscalledanobjectclause.Objectclausesusuallybeginwithsubordinatingwordslikehow,why,what,where,when,who,which,whose,whether,if,that,etc.Nocommaisneededwhentheobjectclausesareusedinthecomplexsentences.•Whywashewantedbythepolice?•Danielwonderedthereason.Danielwonderedwhyhewaswantedbythepolice.•Hasanydecisionbeenmade?•Doyouknowthequestion?Doyouknowwhether/ifanydecisionhasbeenmade?•Heishonest.•Noonedoubtsit.Noonedoubtsthatheishonest.Nounclausesthatfunctionasobjectsofprepositionsarenamedobjectclausestoo.•Canwesucceed?•Thequestiondependsonthis.•Howwelldowecooperate?Whetherwecansucceeddependsonhowwellwecooperate•Shewalkeduptotheplace.•Istoodattheplace.ShewalkeduptowhereIstood.1.Aslongasthemainclause'sverbisinneitherthepastnorthepastperfecttense,theverbofthesubordinateclausecanbeinanytensethatconveysmeaningaccurately.•Bothofthemwillknowthattheyhavemadearightchoice.•TheteachertellsuswhenwewillpayavisittoMr.Jackson.2.Ifthemainverbofasentenceisinthepastorpastperfect,thenverbsinthesubordinateclausemustalsoexpressapastviewpoint.•SheaskedmewhereIwasoffto.•IwonderedhowhecouldmakesuchrapidprogressinhisstudyofFrench.3.Ifthesubordinateclauseexpresseswhatiscommonlyknownasageneraltruthorfact,simplepresenttenseisusedeventhoughthemainverbofasentenceisinthepastorpastperfect:•Columbussomehowknewthattheworldisround.•Theteachertoldthestudentswhythecomputerisawonderfulmachine.4.Ifthereisaspecificpasttimeintheclause,pasttenseisusedeventhoughtheactionoftheobjectclauseoccursbeforetheactionofthemainclause.•ShetoldherstudentsthattheEnglishChannelwasofficiallyopenedonMarch7,1994.•NooneknowshowtheHousesofParliamentwasburneddownin1834.IneverydayEnglish,especiallyspokenEnglish,thewordthatisusuallyomitted.But,thesubordinatingwordthatcannotbeomittedinthefollowingcases:1)whentherearetwoormoreobjectclause;•Hesaidthathecouldn’ttellyourightawayandthatyouwouldn’tunderstand.2)whenthereisaparenthesisbetweenthepredicateverbofthemainclauseandtheobjectclause;•JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.3)whenthat-clauseisdirectobjectofdoubleobjects;•ImustnevertellanyonethatIcouldnotseethecloth.•4)whenthereisalogicobject“it”beforetherealobject.•Wethinkitimportantthatweapplythetheoryintopractice.•Inaddition,whetherandifcanreplaceeachotherinobjectclauses,butifcannotbeusedwhenitgoesafteraprepositionorwhenitgotogetherwiththephrase“ornot”•Hewantstolearnaboutwhetherthemeetinghasbeencancelled.•Pleaseletusknowwhetheryoufindthetermsacceptableornot.2.AppositiveclausesDifferentfromtheappositives,theappositiveclausesarenotseparatedbyacomma.•Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion.•Theopinionisthis.•Allmatterconsistsofatoms.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinionthatallmatterconsistsofatoms.•Noonecansettlethequestion.•Thequestionisthis.•Shouldthenewrulebeadopted?Noonecansettlethequestionwhetherthenewruleshouldbeadopted.Appositiveclausesareusuallyplacedimmediatelyafterthewordstheymodify.But,ifthemainclauseisshort,theappositiveclauseofthesubjectcanbeplacedattheendofthesentenceaswell.•Maybetheenemyhadfledthecity.•Thethoughtcametohim.Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.•Napoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem.•Thewordcameseveralyearslater.Severalyearslater,thewordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem.Ingrammar,thesubordinatingwordsthatintroduceappositiveclausesplaynoroleintheclauseswhereastherelativepronounsthatintroduceadjectiveclausesplayrolesintheclauses.•TheywereallshockedatthenewsthatGermanyhaddeclaredwaronRussia.•(anappositiveclause,thatplaysnoroleintheclause)•Theywereallshockedatthenewsthatwasannouncedontheradio.•(anadjectiveclause,thatplaystheroleofsubjectoftheclause)Combinethesentencesineachsetintoasingleclearsentencecontainingatleastoneobjectclauseorappositiveclause.1.Howsoonaretheycoming?Ihavenoidea.Ihavenoideahowsoontheyarecoming.2.Ourteamhadwon.Weheardthenews.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.3.YoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedaysTheideaisjustwrong.TheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedaysisjustwrong.4.Oneoftheboxeswasextremelyheavy.Noonecouldaccountforthefact.Noonecouldaccountforthefactthatoneoftheboxeswasextremelyheavy.5.Expertsconfirmedthis.Apumaiscornered.Itwillattackahumanbeing.Expertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.6.Thewalletmusthavebeenfoundbyoneofthevillagers.Samwassureofthat.Itwasnoreturnedtohim.Samwassurethatthewalletmusthavebeenfoundbyoneofthevillagers,butitwasnoreturnedtohim.7.Irangthebell.Iwasnotsurprisedtoseethis.Mr.Smithwasstillasfatasever.IrangthebellandwasnotsurprisedtoseethatMr.Smithwasstillasfatasever.MixedConstructionSometimeswestarttosaysomethinginoneway,butinthemiddleofourstatement,wemakeachangetosayitinanotherway.Asentencethatstartswithonegrammaticalformandendswithanotheriscalledamixedconstructi
本文标题:大学英语语法14——宾语从句和同位语从句
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