长安大学09级桥梁优秀毕业设计计算书

毕业设计（论文）报告纸1目录第一章概述·····························41.1地质条件···························41.2主要技术指标·························41.3设计规范及标准························4第二章方案比选······························52.1概述·····························52.2比选原则···························52.3比选方案···························52.3.1预应力混凝土连续梁桥··················52.3.2预应力混凝土连续刚桥桥·················72.3.3普通上承式拱桥·····················82.4方案比较···························9第三章预应力混凝土连续梁桥总体布置·················123.1桥型布置···························123.2桥孔布置···························123.3桥梁上部结构尺寸拟定·····················123.4桥梁下部结构尺寸拟定·····················133.5本桥使用材料·························143.6毛界面几何特性计算······················14第四章荷载内力计算·························164.1模型简介···························164.2全桥结构单元的划分······················164.2.1划分单元原则······················164.2.2桥梁具体单元划分····················174.3全桥施工节段的划分······················174.3.1桥梁划分施工分段原则··················174.3.2施工分段划分······················174.4恒载、活载内力计算······················174.4.1恒载内力计算······················174.4.2悬臂浇筑阶段内力····················18毕业设计（论文）报告纸24.4.3边跨合龙阶段内力····················194.4.4中跨合龙阶段内力····················204.4.5活载内力计算······················214.5其他因素引起的内力计算····················234.5.1温度引起的内力计算···················234.5.2支座沉降引起的内力计算·················254.5.3收缩、徐变引起的内力计算················264.6内力组合···························284.6.1正常使用极限状态的内力组合···············284.6.2承载能力极限状态的内力组合···············29第五章预应力钢束的估算与布置····················325.1钢束估算···························325.1.1按承载能力极限计算时满足正截面强度要求·········325.1.2按正常使用极限状态的应力要求计算············335.2预应力钢束布置························395.3预应力损失计算························405.3.1预应力与管道壁间摩擦引起的应力损失···········405.3.2锚具变形、钢筋回缩和接缝压缩引起的应力损失········415.3.3混凝土的弹性压缩引起的应力损失·············415.3.4钢筋松弛引起的应力损失·················425.3.5混凝土收缩徐变引起的应力损失··············425.3.6有效预应力计算·····················445.4预应力计算··························45第六章强度验算···························486.1正截面承载能力验算······················486.2斜截面承载能力验算······················51第七章应力验算···························557.1短暂状况预应力混凝土受弯构件应力验算·············557.1.1压应力验算·······················557.1.2拉应力验算·······················557.2持久状况正常使用极限状态应力验算··············607.2.1持久状况(使用阶段)预应力混凝土受压区混凝土最大压应力验算607.2.2持久状况(使用阶段)混凝土的主压应力验算·········627.2.3持久状况(使用阶段)预应力钢筋拉应力验算·········65毕业设计（论文）报告纸3第八章抗裂验算···························688.1正截面抗裂验算························688.2斜截面抗裂验算························72致谢·································77参考文献································78附录：外文翻译····························79毕业设计（论文）报告纸4第一章概述1.1地质条件桥位地质地形图图1-1地质图1.2主要技术指标桥面净宽：11＋2×0.5m（分离式、无人行道）设计荷载：公路－Ｉ级行车速度：100km/h桥面横坡：2%通航要求：无温度：最高年平均温度43℃，最低年平均温度-5℃。1.3设计规范及标准1、《公路工程技术标准》（JTGB01-2003）。2、《公路桥涵设计通用规范》（JTGD60-2004）。3、《公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范》（JTGD63-2007）。4、《公路桥涵施工技术规范》（JTJ041-2000）。5、《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》（JTGD62-2004）。毕业设计（论文）报告纸5第二章方案比选2.1概述桥式方案比选是初步设计阶段的工作重点，一般要进行多个方案比较。各方案均要求提供桥式布置图，图上必须标明桥跨位置，高程布置，上、下部结构形式及工程数量。对推荐方案，还要提供上、下部结构的结构布置图，以及一些主要的及特殊部位的细节处理图。设计方案的评价和比较，要全面考虑各项指标，综合分析每一方案的优缺点，最后选定一个符合当前条件的最佳推荐方案。有时，占优势的方案还应吸取其他方案的优点进一步加以改善。2.2比选原则设计从安全性、技术适用性、施工难度、设计施工周期、经济性、实用性和观赏性等几方面对各比选方案进行评比，其中安全性为主要因素。2.3比选方案根据设计任务要求,依据现行公路桥梁设计规范,综合考虑桥位地质地形条件，拟定了三个比选方案：方案一：预应力混凝土连续梁桥方案二：预应力混凝土连续刚构桥方案三：普通上承式拱桥2.3.1预应力混凝土连续梁桥1.桥梁总体设计该桥为预应力混凝土连续梁桥，共三跨，为58m+100m+58m=216m。边跨与中跨比为58/100=0.58在0.5～0.8之内，主跨跨中处桥面高程为835.25m，桥面横坡为2%。毕业设计（论文）报告纸6图2-1连续梁桥布置图2.主梁a.截面形式：本桥箱梁为单箱单室截面，箱底宽6.5m，两侧翼缘宽2.75m，箱梁顶面全宽为12m。b.截面尺寸：箱梁在各墩支点处的截面高度为1/15L～1/20L，取1/16.7L即6m，在跨中及桥端支点处的截面高度为1/30L～1/50L，取1/36.4L即2.75m；箱梁顶板厚30cm（跨中）～48cm（支点），腹板厚50cm（跨中）～75cm（支点），底板厚30cm（跨中）～70cm（支点）。c.横隔板的设置：上部结构箱梁在各墩支点及桥端支点处设横隔板。墩支点处横隔板厚250cm，端支点处横隔板厚150cm，横隔板与箱梁连接处均设有承托。图2-2跨中与墩顶截面图3.基础桥墩基础连成整体，基础采用嵌岩型钻孔灌注桩群桩基础，桥墩为6m×6.5m的空心墩，材料为C40钢筋混凝土。4.施工方式主梁采用悬臂节段浇筑施工，桥墩采用爬模法施工，两端桥台采用整体现浇。毕业设计（论文）报告纸72.3.2预应力混凝土连续刚构桥1.桥梁总体设计该桥为预应力混凝土连续刚构桥，共三跨，为58m+100m+58m=216m。边跨与中跨比为58/100=0.58在0.5～0.8之内，主跨跨中处桥面高程为835.25m，桥面横坡为2%。图2-3连续刚构桥布置图2.主梁a.截面形式：本桥箱梁为单箱单室截面，箱底宽6.5m，两侧翼缘宽2.75m，箱梁顶面全宽为12m。b.截面尺寸：箱梁在各墩支点处的截面高度为1/15L～1/20L，取1/16.7L即6m，在跨中及桥端支点处的截面高度为1/30L～1/50L，取1/36.4L即2.75m；箱梁顶板厚30cm（跨中）～48cm（支点），腹板厚50cm（跨中）～75cm（支点），底板厚30cm（跨中）～70cm（支点）。c.横隔板的设置：上部结构箱梁在各墩支点及桥端支点处设横隔板。墩支点处设两个厚300cm横隔板，端支点处横隔板厚150cm，横隔板与箱梁连接处均设有承托。图2-4跨中与墩顶截面图3.基础桥墩基础连成整体，基础采用嵌岩型钻孔灌注桩群桩基础，桥墩为3m×6.5m的毕业设计（论文）报告纸8双薄壁空心墩，材料为C40钢筋混凝土。4.施工方式主梁采用悬臂节段浇筑施工，桥墩采用爬模法施工，两端桥台采用整体现浇。2.3.3普通上承式拱桥1.桥梁总体设计该桥为普通上承式拱桥，主跨跨径为150m，拱高为25m，矢跨比为25/150=1/6，在1/5～1/10之内，主跨跨中处桥面高程为835.25m，桥面横坡为2%。图2-5普通上承式拱桥布置图2.主梁a.截面形式：本桥主梁为空心板截面，板高80cm，板宽120cm。b.截面尺寸：空心板截面高度为80cm，空心板顶、底板厚15cm，肋宽30cm。图2-6空心板截面图3.主拱圈a.截面形式：本桥主拱圈采用等截面悬链线，由6*1.6m的小箱梁组成，箱梁顶面全宽为9.6m。b.截面尺寸：主拱圈的截面高度为2.3m；箱梁顶、底板厚25cm，肋板厚15。c.横隔板的设置：主拱圈内部在拱脚以上10m段内加厚顶、底、侧板，以达最佳受力效果。毕业设计（论文）报告纸9图2-7主拱圈截面图4.拱上立柱拱上立柱为直径1m的空心墩。5.基础桥墩基础连成整体，基础采用嵌岩型钻孔灌注桩群桩基础，桥墩均为直径1m的空心墩，材料为C40钢筋混凝土。6.施工方式主梁采用预制节段拼装施工，桥墩采用爬模法施工。2.4方案比较方案比选从该桥桥址的实际地理位置地形环境，结合实用耐久、安全可靠、经济合理、美观和有利于环保的设计原则综合考虑。从安全、功能、经济、美观、施工、占地与工期多方面比选，最终确定桥梁形式。a.实用性桥上应保证车辆安全畅通，并应满足将来交通量增长的需要。桥下应满足泄洪、安全通航或通车等要求。建成的桥梁应保证使用年限，并便于检查和维修。只有满足了这一基本条件后，才能谈得上对桥梁结构的其他要求，既做到总造价经济，又保证工程质量和使用安全可靠。b.舒适与安全性现代桥梁设计越来越强调舒适度，故应控制桥梁的振幅，避免车辆受到