必修一英语第五单元语法

定语从句（theattributiveclause）☆被定语从句限定的词是_______，引导定语从句的词叫做________或_________。☆关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。在复合句中，充当_______用的从句是定语从句“先行词”“关系代词”“关系副词”形容词关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：指人指物主语宾语定语表语whomwhowhichthatwhose√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√Thisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.1.关系副词whereThisisthefactorywhereIworkedtenyearsago.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.Theschoolwheremysonstudiesisnearapark.ThisisthefactorywhereIworkedtenyearsago.Theschoolwheremysonstudiesisnearapark.where引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词,并在定语从句中作_________,相当于“介词+_________(which)”。inwhichinwhich地点状语关系代词They’llneverforgetJuly1.HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1.2.关系副词whenThey’llneverforgetJuly1whenHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.Thedaysaregoneforever.Welivedtogetherhappilyduringthosedays.Thedayswhenwelivedtogetherhappilyaregoneforever.They’llneverforgetJuly1whenHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.Thedayswhenwelivedtogetherhappilyaregoneforever.onwhichduringwhichwhen引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词,在定语从句中作_________,相当于“介词+_________(which)”。时间状语关系代词Therearemanyreasons.Peopleliketravelingformanyreasons.3.关系副词whywhy引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason,在从句中作原因状语,相当于“for+which”。Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.forwhichTherelativeadverbReferringtoFunctionintheclausewhen(=at/in/on/…+which)where(=in/at/…+which)why(=for+which)timeadverbialoftimeplacereasonadverbialofplaceadverbialofreason1.Beijingistheplace_______________Iwasborn.2.Isthisthereason______________herefusedouroffer?3.Iwillneverforgettheday_______________Ifirstmetyouontheseashore.4.Thereareoccasions______________onemustyield.where(inwhich)why(forwhich)when(onwhich)when(onwhich)n.场合；时机on…occasion:在……时刻/场合occasionsona.Thisistheplacewhereheworks.Thisistheplacewhich/thatwevisitedlastyear.b.Thatwasthedaywhenhearrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaythat/whichwespenttogether?c.Thisisthereasonwhyheleft.Thereasonthat/whichhegaveuswasquitereasonable.选择定语从句的关系词一定要看先行词在从句中所做成分。当先行词在从句中作状语，则选择相应的关系_____。当先行词在从句中作主语,宾语或表语,则选择相应的关系_____。副词代词1.I’llneverforgetthedays_____________weworked(vi.)together.2.I’llneverforgetthedays_____wespent(vt.)together.3.Iwenttothecompany_______________Iworked(vi.)tenyearsago.when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhich4.Iwenttothecompany______Ivisited(vt.)tenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason______________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason__________hegave.(vt.)whichwhy/forwhichthat/which关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导。1.Iwillgiveyouthebook(that/which)youaskedfor.=Iwillgiveyouthebookforwhichyouasked.2.Wemettheman(whom/that/who)wetalkedabout.=Wemetthemanaboutwhomwetalked.介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是物,关系代词只能为which。介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是人,关系代词只能为whom。Heistheman___whomyoucanbelieve.1.看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配in2.看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配Hegavemesomebooks_____whichIamnotveryfamiliar.with3.根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配Thisisourclassroom,______________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.inthefrontoflistento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.用适当的关系词填空1)October1,1949wastheday______(________)Chinawasfounded.2)Beijingistheplace______(__________)Icame.3)Isthisthereason____(________)hedidn’twanttoseeme?whenonwhichwherefromwhichwhyforwhich4)Isthistheroom______(________)wewerelivinglastwinter?5)Irememberthedays_____(____________)Ilivedthere.6)Yesterday,wehadameeting______(________)wediscussedmanyproblems.whereinwhichwhenduringwhichatwhichwhere对比练习：用适当的关系词填空1.Theroom___________________heoncelivedisstillthere.Theroom___________________Ihavetocleaneverydaybelongstomymother.where/inwhich(that/which)2.Iwillneverforgettheday_______________Imetyou.Iwillneverforgettheday______________wespenttogether.when/onwhich(that/which)注意：当先行词是时间、地点、原因时，定语从句的引导词在从句中做状语时才用关系副词when、where、why；如做主语、宾语、表语仍用关系代词that、which3.Idon'tbelievethereason_____________Tomiscrying.Idon'tknowthereason____________Tomhasgiventous.why/forwhich(that/which)1.找出先行词2.看先行词/关系词在从句中所做的成分。1).先行词在从句中做主、定、表、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)2).先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。3.在选完关系词后带入验证（把关系词还原到从句中）判定用“关代”还是“关副”步骤：1.IwillneverforgetthedaywhichIfirstwenttoschool.2.Thehousewherewevisitedisbeingrepairednow.(which/that)3.Thereasonthathedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdayisthathewasill.why4.I’mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.which1.IwillneverforgetthedaywhichIfirstwenttoschool.2.Thehousewherewevisitedisbeingrepairednow.Pleasecorrecttheerrors.5.IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhichIlivedinthefarmwhereyouvisitedlastweek.6.TheradiosetwhichIboughtitlastweekhasgonewrong.7.Ineverforgetthedayswhenwespenttogether.8.ThisistheschoolonwhichIstudy._____when_____that/which/删除__删除_____that/which/删除__in2.Thefilmstar___________wetalkedalotyesterdaywillgiveusaspeechtomorrow.3.TheWestLake_________Hangzhouisfamousintheworldwillbemorebeautiful.4.Thesubject________XiaoWangisgoodisphysics.aboutwhomforwhichatwhich5.Thereason_________hecouldnotgotherewasthathisgradeswastoolow.6.Theprofessor__________Mr.Smithshookhandsyesterdayhasmadenewdiscoveriesinscience.7.Couldyoutellmetheday________youarrived?8.Iwilltreasurethedays________Ilivedhere.withwhomonwhichinwhichforwhich