最新高考英语专题解析课件-基础写作[正反论证]

相关短语1.theminority/majorityof...少数/大多数……2.trafficsafety交通安全3.disapproveof不同意；不赞成4.persuadesb.nottodo...说服某人不做……5.followtheadvice听从劝告6.asfarasIamconcerned就我所知7.carryout实施8.thinkhighlyof高度评价9.agoodsolutionto...一个做……的解决好办法10.inaddition此外11.becomemorerebellious变得更加叛逆12.frommyperspective在我看来13.besuitablefor适合……14.haveaheateddiscussion进行一次热烈的讨论15.provideastageforsb.给某人提供一个舞台16.drawtheconclusionthat...得出结论17.keytosuccess成功的秘诀18.focusmoreon...更加关注……相关句式1.Recentlywehavehadadiscussionaboutwhetherparentsshouldaccompanytheirchildrenatschool.最近我们讨论了父母是否该在学校陪读。2.Nearly70%ofusdisagreebecausetheythinkitmakesthemfallintothehabitofdependence.我们中有将近70%的人不赞同,因为他们认为这会使他们养成依赖性。3.Whileabout30%ofmyclassmatesthinkitnecessaryforourparentstoaccompanyus.而我的同学中大约30%的人认为父母有必要陪读。4.Somepeoplesayyes,whothinkthattheInternethelpsmakefriendsonline.有些人同意,他们认为互联网有助于网上交友。5.Myopinionisthatstudentsshouldplacetheirstudy,healthandsafetybeforeotherthings.我的意见是学生应该把学习、健康、和安全放在其他事情之前。1.基础写作是根据所给的内容组织成文,不是自由发挥。部分考生喜欢在文章中使用“Everycoinhastwosides”过渡,但是这个句子并不包含任何信息点,不适合在基础写作中使用。2.正反论证的议论文要注意使用转折和对比的词,如however,incontrast,comparedwith等。3.如果文章最后要求考生发表自己观点,考生不能简单地说Iagreewith...或者Idisagreewith...,而是要言之有物,有理有据。你班同学开展了一场“司机醉驾是否应该处罚乘客”的讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息,给报社写一封信,介绍讨论的情况,并发表你的看法。［写作内容］少数同学赞成处罚乘客大多数同学反对处罚乘客1.减少交通事故,促进交通安全2.不乘坐醉酒司机的车,不仅是对自己负责,也是对司机和路人负责1.乘客难以判断司机是否醉酒2.即使乘客知道司机饮酒,如果司机不听从乘客的劝诫,处罚乘客是不公平的你的看法：……［例题导写］1.确定文体结构。本文是正反论证,因此正反观点之间的论证应该是属于并列关系,而双方观点的论点和分论点则为总分关系。而最后，考题要求考生写出自己的观点,这个属于对全文的总结。因此,文章的信息点划分非常明确,正反观点各占两个句子,考生的观点应该为最后一个句子。考生可以采用两种方法使自己的观点明确。第一种：第一句的信息点可以包含“少数同学赞成处罚乘客”(总起)和第一个原因,而第二句则讲述第二个原因(递进);第二种：第一句为总起，第二句则包含了两个赞成的理由。陈述“大多数同学反对处罚乘客”这方面也是同理。2.词汇整理句1：(1)少数同学:theminorityofstudents句2：(2)交通事故:trafficaccidents(3)交通安全:trafficsafety(4)对……负责任:beresponsiblefor句3：(4)大部分学生:themajorityofstudents句4：(5)劝说某人做某事:persuadesb.todosth.(6)听从某人的劝说:followone’sadvice3.难句翻译句2：不乘坐醉酒司机的车,不仅是对自己负责,也是对司机和路人负责。分析：本句的主语是“不乘坐醉酒司机的车”,因此考生可以考虑使用动词不定式nottodosth.作主语。不仅……也……可以使用notonly...butalso...或者aswellas这些短语。翻译:Nottorideinacardrivenbyadrunkendriverisnotonlyaresponsiblebehaviorforpassengersthemselvesbutalsoforthedriversandotherpeopleontheroad./Nottorideinacardrivenbyadrunkendriverisresponsibleforpassengersthemselvesaswellasthedriversandotherpeopleontheroad.句4：即使乘客知道司机饮酒,如果司机不听从乘客的劝诫,处罚乘客是不公平的。分析：本句的主句是“处罚乘客是不公平的”,考生可以考虑用it作形式主语的句型itisunfairto...，而“即使……”可以使用evenif引导的让步状语从句。翻译:Evenifthepassengerknowsthedriverhasdrunkalcoholandhasattemptedtopersuadethedrivernottodrive,itisunfairtopunishthepassengerwhenthedriverdoesnotfollowtheadvice.4.连句成文(1)不同意某个观点:disagreewithsb./beagainsttheopinionthat/disapproveoftheidea(2)表述“转折”的连接词:although/instead/ratherthan/nevertheless/otherwise/ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...(3)表示“对照”的连接词(3)whereas/incontrast/unlike/onthecontrary/while/bycontrast/comparedwith(4)表示“让步”的连接词(4)afterall/inspiteof/still/provided/whileitistrue...[参考范文]DearEditor，I’mwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwe’vehadaboutwhetherpassengerswhorideinacardrivenbyadrunkendrivershouldbepunished.Theminorityofthestudentsholdtheopinionthatpunishingthepassengershelpstoreducetrafficaccidentsandincreasetrafficsafety.Nottorideinacardrivenbyadrunkendriverisnotonlyaresponsiblebehaviorforpassengersthemselvesbutalsoforthedriversandotherpeopleontheroad.Themajorityofthestudents,however,disapproveoftheidea,statingthatitisdifficultforcommonpassengerstoknowwhetherthedriverhasbeendrinkingornot.What’smore,evenifthepassengerknowsthedriverhasdrunkalcoholandhasattemptedtopersuadethedrivernottodrive,itisunfairtopunishthepassengerwhenthedriverdoesnotfollowtheadvice.AsfarasIamconcerned,punishingpassengersaswellasthedriversisnotonlyunfairbutisalsohardtocarryout.Yourssincerely，LiHua[能力提高]1.短语翻译(1)尽管:despite/inspiteof/although/though(2)由于:dueto/becauseof/owingto/onaccountof(3)然而:however/yet(4)因为:because/since/as(5)此外:Besides/What’smore/Inaddition/Furthermore/Moreover(6)即使:evenif/eventhough(7)总之:Ingeneral/Inshort/Allinall/Todrawaconclusion/Onthewhole(8)但是:but(9)导致:bringabout/giveriseto/leadto/resultin(10)与……无法相比:can’tbecomparedwith2.作文填空Wehavehadaclassmeetingtodayonwhetherweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsandwehavedifferentopinions.Somebelievethatweshouldgivemoneytothosewhoareinbadneedofourhelp.Amongthesebeggarsaretheelderly，drop-outsandthedisabled,whocanhardlymakealiving1______________________oldage,povertyorphysicalinability.dueto/becauseof/owingtoManymorestudents,2_______,thinkweshouldn’tgivethemmoney3_____________mostofthebeggarsarebegginginthehopeofearningsomeeasymoney.4___________________________________________,togivemoneywouldencouragethemtobelazy5________________theyhavetheabilitytowork.6____________________________________,__________weshouldhelpthepeopleoftheinferiorgroup,7____weshouldremainsensiblewhengivingthemmoney.buthoweverbecause/since/asBesides/What’smore/Inaddition/Furthermoreevenif/eventhoughIngeneral/Inshort/Allinall/Todrawaconclusion3.翻译句子(8)尽管自行车有很多明显的优点,但是它也存在它的问题,因为在速度和舒适度等方面,自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。Despitemanyobviousadvantagesofbicycle,itisnotwithoutitsproblemsbecausebicyclecan’tbecomparedwithothermeansoftranspor