87燃料电池

1Preparationandcharacterizationofclay/nanocompositebipolarplateforfuelcell2OutlineIntroductionTheoryandLiteraturereviewPatentSearchObjectivesExperimentalSectionResultsandDiscussionConclusions3IntroductionWhatisFuelcell?4Clean,safe,andquietHighenergyefficiencyLowemissionsEaseinoperatingTypesofFuelCell1.Protonexchangemembrane(PEMFC)2.Alkaline3.Phosphoricacid(PAFC)4.Moltencarbonate(MCFC)5.Solidoxide(SOFC)AdvantageofFuelCells?5FuelCellComparisonsNATURE,20016Delphi–BMW–GlobalThermoelectricauxiliarypowerunitPrototype(NATURE,2001)HitachifuelcellPDAHondaFCXV4Sources:HitachiLtd,BMWMotorCompanyandHondaMotorCompany7Electrode&CatalystProtonconductingmembraneBipolarplatesGasdiffusionlayerMEA(MembraneElectrodeAssembly)BipolarPlateH2AirKeycomponentsinPEMFuelCellsProtonExchangeMembranefuel-cell8IntroductionWhyClay?9MaterialsinnanoscaleThostensona,E.T.;Renb,Z.;Chou,T.W.CompositesScienceandTechnology,2001,61,1899–1912.Alexandre,M.,Dubois,P.MaterialsScienceandEngineering,2000,28,1-63.Lu,Y.,Yin,Y.,Li,Z.Y.,Xia,Y.Nanoletter,2002,2,785-788.CarbonNanotubes1LayerSilicateNanocomposites2Nanoparticles310StructureandpropertiesofmontmorillonitelayeredsilicateHorch,R.A.;Golden,T.D.;D’Souza,N.A.;Riester,L.Chem.Mater.2002,14,3531-3538.Olphen,H.Van.ClayColloidChemistry.JonhWiley&SonsLtd.:NewYork,2000.Pinnavaia,T.J.Science1983,220,365-371Idealizedstructureof2:1layeredsilicateshowingtwotetrahedral-sitesheets(containingsiliconandsometimesaluminium)fusedtoanoctahedral-sitesheet.(containingaluminiumormagnesium)11StructureandpropertiesofmontmorillonitelayeredsilicateHighAspectRatioZanetti,M.;Lomakina,S.;Camino,G.Macromol.Mater.Eng.2000279,1–9Alexandre,M.,Dubois,P.MaterialsScienceandEngineering,200028,1-6312MaterialsinnanoscaleAlexandre,M.,Dubois,P.MaterialsScienceandEngineering,2000281-63HighAspectRatio13AdvantagesLarge-scaleimprovementinthemechanicalandphysicalpropertiesThermalstabilityAnticorrosiveprotectionpropertiesGas-barrierpropertiesFlameretardant14TheoryandLiteraturereviewPropertiesofbipolarplate15CarbonbipolarplateAdvantages--Lowcontactresistance--Highcorrosionresistance--HighestelectrochemicalpoweroutputDisadvantages--Expensivetomachine--Brittle--ThickWilsonMahlon“Compositebipolarplateforelectrochemicalcells“WO00/25372,2000BisariaMukesh,“Injectionmoldableconductivearomaticthermoplasticliquidcrystallinepolymercompositions“WO00/44005,200016MetalbipolarplateAdvantages--Highthermalconductivity--Recyclable--ConsistencyofproductDisadvantages--Needcoatingtoavoidcorrosion(ex.Ni,Ti,….etal.)--Membranepoisoning--FormationofinsulatingsurfaceoxideR.Horung;G.Kappelt”BipolarplatematerialsdevelopmentusingFe-basedalloysforsolidpolymerfuelcells”JournalofPowerSources,Volume:72,Issue:1,pp.20-21,March1998D.P.Davies；P.l.Adcock,;M.Turpin;S.JRowen,”Stainlesssteelasabipolarplatematerialforsolidpolymerfuelcells”JournalofPowerSourcesVolume:86,Issue:1-2,p237-242,March200017Compositebipolarplate1999,BulkMoldingCompoundsInc.(BMCI)andQuantumCompositesco.preparedcompositebipolarplatecomposedofvinylesterresin,graphite(70-90wt%)bytheBMCprocess.Indicatehighcarbonloading(60wt%)topossesshighconductivity.2000,WilsonMahlonindicatecompositebipolarplatesarelightweight,anticorrosion,lowcostandcanbemoldedintoanyshapeandsize,whichmakesthemattractiveforPEMfuelcells.Besides,thegasflowchannelscanbemoldeddirectlyintotheplate,eliminatingtheneedforthecostlymachiningstep.徐耀昇，鄭煜騰，鄭耀宗，”低溫燃料電池的研製與分析”，燃料電池論文集，經濟部能源委會，p101-108，1999WilsonMahlon“Compositebipolarplateforelectrochemicalcells“WO00/25372,200018Compositebipolarplate2004,DivayaChopraetal.preparedcompositebipolarplatescomposedofresin(25wt%),graphitefiber(25wt%)andgraphitepowder(55wt%)bycompressionmolding.Tableshowsthereductioninresistivityofaconductivitybipolarplateassurfaceisabradedsuchthatthethicknessisreduced.DivayaChopraetal.,Post-moldingtreatmentofcurrentcollectorplatesforfuelcelltoimproveconductivity,US0191608,200419Compositebipolarplate2004,JianhuaHuangetal.preparedcompositebipolarplatescomposedofglassfiber(10wt%),PET/PVDFandgraphite(66.5~68wt%)bywet-layprocess.Tableshowsflexuralstrengthwas60.2MPaandconductivitywas171S/cmJianhuaHuangetal.,“Highconductivitythermoplasticcompositesforrapidproductionoffuelcellbipolarplates”,US0229993,200420Compositebipolarplate2004,Chen-ChiM.Maetal.preparedcompositebipolarplatescomposedofvinylesterandgraphitebybulk-mouldingcompound(BMC).Theflexuralstrengthandconductivityincreaseswithincreaseingraphitesize.Thecorrosioncurrentsforplatesarealllessthan10−7Acm−2.(Thicknessis3mm)10cm10cm5cmHsu-ChiangKuan,Chen-ChiM.Ma,KeHongChen,Shih-MingChen,Preparation,electrical,mechanicalandthermalpropertiesofcompositebipolarplateforafuelcell,JournalofPowerSources134(2004)7–17Chen-ChiM.Maetal.,“Preparationoffuelcellcompositebipolarplate”,US809356,2006.馬振基等人,”燃料電池的複合材料雙極板之製備方法”,I221039,200421Compositebipolarplate2005,XiaohongGaydenetal.preparedcompositebipolarplatesbyRollBondingprocess,thenmachinedgasflowchannelsonbipolarplates.XiaohongGayden,Yen-LungCheng,DavidR.Sigler,“Bipolarplatefabr