杨忠--语言学概论 课后综合测试题及中文版答案

综合测试题（一）I.Indicatethefollowingstatementstrueorfalse.PutTfortrueandFforfalseinthebrackets：(10points)：()1.Generallinguisticsisbasedontheviewthatlanguageasasystem,whichiscomposedofthreeaspects:sound,structureandmeaning.()2.Thetotalnumberofwordsstoredinthebrainiscalledmorphology.()3.Thesentence“Thewomancan’tbearchildren”isstructurallyambiguous.()4.Categorizationreferstotheprocessbywhichpeopleuselanguagetoclassifytheworldaroundandinsidethem.()5.Metaphorscancreatesimilaritiesbetweenthetargetdomainandthesourcedomain.()6.Accordingtoreferentialcontent,deixiscanbeputintopersondeixis,placedeixis,timedeixisanddiscoursedeixis.()7.Phrasestructurerulesarerulesthatspecifytheconstituentsofsyntacticcategories.()8.ModalitycanbecategorizedintoprobabilityandUsuality.()9.Ageisnotthelearnerfactorthathasbeenanissueinsecondlanguageacquisitionresearch.()10.Register,asavarietyoflanguageinuse,isanalyzedonthreedimensions:field,modeandtenor.II.Multiplechoice:(10points)1.____________isthefirstandforemoststrikingfeatureofhumanlanguage.A.creativityB.arbitrarinessC.displacementD.interchangeability2.Syntactically,Japaneseis____________language.A.analyticB.isolatingC.syntheticD.agglutinating3.ThegeneralroleslanguageplaysaretermedA.metalanguagesB.metafunctionsC.metadiscoursesD.metagrammar4.____________isaprocessthatcreatesanewwordbydroppingarealorsupposedsuffix.A.BlendingB.EponymsC.BackformationD.Clipping5.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageiscalleda___________.A.suffixB.prefixC.morphemeD.morph6.__________theoriesarethosethatattempttoexplainacquisitiononthebasisofassuminganinnatebiologicalendowmentthatmakeslearningpossible.A.EnvironmentalistB.functionalistC.nativistD.bothaandb7.Wordsandphraseslikenow,yesterday,nextweek,inthreeday,etC.arecalled__________.A.persondeixisB.timedeixisC.placedeixisD.discoursedeixis8.Everysyllablehasa(n)__________,whichisusuallyavowel.A.nucleusB.onsetC.codeD.rhyme9.___________isdefinedasthestudyofmeaning.A.linguisticsB.semanticsC.morphologyD.pragmatics10.A___________isamixedlanguagewhichhasbecomethemothertongueofaspeechcommunity.A.pidginB.creoleC.EsperantoD.naturallanguageIII.MatchthetermsincolumnAwiththephrasesincolumnBandputa,b…jintobrackets:(10points)A()1.Socialinguistics()2.AppliedLinguistics()3.Morphology()4.Phonetics()5.Linguistics()6.Syntax()7.Psycholinguistics()8.Pragmatics()9.Phonology()10SemanticsBa.theanalysisofsentencestructureb.theanalysisofmeaningincontextc.theanalysisofmeaningd.thestudyofsoundsystemsandpatternse.theapplicationoflinguistictheoriestootherspheresf.thestudyofspeechsoundsg.thestudyoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageandsocietyh.thestudyofwordstructurei.thescientificstudyoflanguagej.thestudyoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageandmindIV.Foreachgroupofsoundslistedbelow,statethephoneticfeature(s)theyallshare:(10points)1.[t∫][dз]2.[m][n][ɡ]3.[f][θ][s][∫][h]4.[d][n][z][l][r]5.[i:][i][u:][u]V.Considerthefollowingwordsandfillintheform:(10points)WordsanalyzednumberofmorphemestroublesomefreemorphemesstepmotherpsycholinguisticsunderstatementantidisestablishmentarianismVI.Interpretatethefollowingambiguoussentences:(10points)1.Theduckistoohottoeat.(1)______________________________________(2)______________________________________2.Visitingfriendscanbeboring.(1)______________________________________(2)______________________________________VII.Explainthefollowingterms:(10points)1.derivation2.learnerfactorsVIII.Answerthefollowingquestions?(30points)1.Whatisthedifferencebetween“aredandaredcoat”?2.Whatarethefeaturesofmodernlinguistics?3.AccordingtoAustin,whatdoesaspeechactconsistof?综合测试题（二）I.Indicatethefollowingstatementstrueorfalse.PutTfortrueandFforfalseinthebrackets:(10points)()1.AccordingtoM.A.K.Halliday,thethreemetafunctionsoflanguageareideationalmetafunction,interpersonalmetafunctionandlogicalmetafunction.()2.Dualityisthefirstandforemoststrikingfeatureofhumanlanguage.()3.ModalitycanbecategorizedintomodalizationandmodulationaccordingtoHalliday.()4.Morphologyisthestudyoftheinternalstructureandtheformationofwords.()5.Associativemeaningsaremeaningsthathingeonreferentialmeaning.()6.Secondlanguageacquisitionisacomplexprocesswhichinvolvessocialfactorsandlearnerfactors.()7.Varietiesofalanguageareoffourtypes:thestandardvariety,regionaldialets,sociodialectsandregisters.()8.Functionallinguisticsisbasedontheviewthatlanguageasasystem,whichiscomposedofthreeaspects:sound,structureandmeaning.()9.Euphemismisanexpressionthatsubstitutesonewhichmaybeseenasoffensiveordisturbingtotheaddressee.()10.Intonationisthevariationofpitchtodistinguishutterancemeaning.II.Multiplechoice:(10points)1.Thelanguageusedtotalkaboutlanguageiscalled__________.A.languageB.metalanguageC.naturallanguageD.artificiallanguage2.[+continuant]specifies________________.A.allthefricativesB.allthefricativesandglidesC.allthefricativesandliquidsD.allthefricatives,liquidsandglides3._________isaprocessthatcreatesnewwordsbyputtingtogethernon-morphemicpartsofexistingwords.A.CoinageB.BlendingC.AcronmymsD.Clipping4.A__________isaminimaldistinctivelinguisticunit.A.morphemeB