高中英语阅读理解猜词课件

welcome府谷中学外语组张娜Dealingwithnewwordsorphrasesinreadingcomprehension(阅读理解）Translatethesesentences•HeisagoodChristian.•Heisagoodfather.•Heisagoodchild.•Heisagoodhusband.•Sheisagoodwife.•Sheisagoodteacher.•Sheisagoodfriend.他是一名虔诚的教徒。他是一名慈爱的父亲。他是一个听话的孩子。他是一个有责任心的丈夫。她是一个贤惠的妻子。她是一名敬业的老师。她是一个可靠的朋友。•Heavynews•Heavyfood•Heavywater•Heavyappearance•Heavysleeper•Heavysmoker晴天霹雳热量高的食物硬水粗陋的长相睡觉沉的人烟鬼•Hisfatherhasdied.•Hisfatherhaspassedaway.•Hisoldmanhaskickedthebucket.•Hisbelovedfatherhasjoinedtheheavenlychoir.他爹死了。他父亲去世了。他家老爷子蹬腿了。其父已驾鹤西游了。1、定义或解释说明猜词技巧2、对比关系3、因果关系4、举例法5、重述6、同义词、近义词7、生活经验,生活常识,逻辑推理8.根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义9.根据常见的前缀，词根和后缀进行猜词●信号词：be,becalled,means,bedefinedas,thesameas,like,as...as…,tobe，referto1、定义或解释说明Ex.1◎Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.◎Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.◎Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.◎Weareonthenightshift---frommidnightto8a.m.---thisweek.木匠动物学家牧人夜班2、对比关系信号词:but,however,yet,otherwise,while,though,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranotherthing,insteadof等Ex.2◎ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.◎Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.◎Althoughalargenumberofpeopleconsideredhimtohavestolenthemoney,Iwassurethathewasinnocentofthething.污秽的无辜的节约的不同意3、因果关系信号词:because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,so…that,such…that,thusEx.3◎He’ssuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.◎Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow(浅的）.精明的修剪混浊的4、举例法信号词:such,suchas,like,forexample/instance,especially,include,consistofCarsmusthavecertainsafetydevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes（刹车）.Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.家禽装置5、重述信号词:or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway,i.e.Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigate,orwatertheirfields.Allwhalesconsistoftwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.灌溉有牙齿的6、同义词、近义词信号词:or,like,as…as,thesameasThenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,andmuchshorter.代替圆胖的7、生活经验,生活常识,逻辑推理Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.Metalexpandswhenheatedandcontractswhencooled.麻药波纹膨胀冷缩8.根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义例题：Tomcan’tfindhissneakers.C.shoesTomcan’tfindhiswhitesneakers．Tomcan’tplaytennisnowbecausehecan’tfindhiswhitesneakers.A.moneyB.bowlsl）Janeisusuallyprompt.A．lateB．ontimeC．pleasedJaneisusuallypromptforherclasses．Janeisusuallypromptforallherclasses，butshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclasstoday.adj.敏捷的,迅速的,即时的adv.准时地2）Tomsawanowllastnight．A．abirdB．ananimalC．thesunTomsawanowlinatreelastnight．Tomsawanowllastnightbutitflewawaywhenhegotnear．猫头鹰3）Theboywantsapony．A．dogB．catC．horseTheboywantsabrownpony．Theboywantstorideabrownpony.小型马4）Thechildrenarelookingatanape.A．akindofmonkeyB．akindofsnakeC．akindoffruitThechildrenarelookingatanapeatthezoo．Thechildrenarelookingatalarge,hairy(毛的)apeatthezoo．猿5）Thetroutisverycheap．A．fishB．fruitC．appleThefreshtroutisverycheap．Thefreshtroutisverycheap,butIdon’tknowhowtocookit．鲑鱼6)Theladyaskedthewaitresstogetherasaucer．A．aglassB．acakeC．asmallplateTheladyaskedthewaitresstogetheracleansaucer．Theladyaskedthewaitresstogetheracleansaucertoputhercoffeecupon．茶托7)Weseldomseeasparrownow.A．akindofdogB．akindofplaneC．akindofbirdWeseldomseeasparrowinthesky.Weseldomseeasparrowintheskybecausetheairisnotsocleannowasusedtobe．麻雀中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀super-（超），inter-（在……之间），-able（能……的），mini-（极少的，微型的），micro-（极微小的），re-（再，反复），sub-（分支的，底下），co-（共同），post-(后)，pre-（前），trans-（超越；转换），under-（在……之下；低于……；不足），-hood（状态；性质；时期），-ish（如……的；有点儿……的）；-proof（防……的；……不能穿透的），-scope（景），-ship（身份；资格；权力；性质），-some（易于……的），-wards（向），mis-（误；恶），un-（不；非），in-（不；非），im-（不；非），dis-（不），non-（不；非），-less（不；无），anti-（反；防），sino-（中国）【例1】Don'tlistentohisnonsense.【例2】Jasonisalanguagespecialist.【解】sense有“心智健全、意识”之意，non-构成它的反义词，故nonsense有“胡言乱语，胡说八道”之意。【解】“Special”是“unusual”（不寻常的）之意；后缀“-ist”指人。“Specialist”就是“不寻常的人”；也就是“专家”之意。Whathaveyoulearnedtoday?