英语(牛津版)八年级下册课件：unit4-A-good-read(Grammar)

handhandinandsoonreviewreturnontimerenewvi.交；递，给上交，递交……等等n.评论vt.归还准时vt.续借；更新；重新开始WordsandphrasesreviewTolearntousequestionwords+to-infinitivesTolearntousemustandhaveto语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。Lookatthefollowingsentences.1.Somedogsjustdon’tknowhowtohavefun.(七年级上册U4)2.I’mthinkingaboutwhattowear.(七年级上册U8)3.Iwasjustwonderinghowtospendthemorning…(新概念2L68)4.Imustgotothegreengrocer's.(新概念1L79)5.Hehasabadcold,Mr.Williams,sohemuststayinbedforaweek.(新概念1L61)6.Eddie,Ithinkwehavetogoupagain.(七年级下册U4)7.Wedon’thavetofeedhermuch.(七年级下册U8)8.Doyouhavetowateritnow?(新概念1L125)9.Haveyoudecidedwhattodowiththesebooks,Hobo?(P48)10.Ihavetousethemtoreachtheboxonthefridge.(P48)11.Ididnotknowwhattosayeither.(P51)12.“Imustrunawayfromthem,”Ithought,butIdidnotknowhowtogetaway.(P51)totestyoursenseofobservationtotestyourabilityofshort-termmemorytotestyourabilitytohighlightthelanguagepointsGuessFillintheblanks.1.Somedogsjustdon’tknow___________fun.2.I’mthinkingabout____________.3.Iwasjustwondering____________themorning…4.I_____gotothegreengrocer's.5.Hehasabadcold,Mr.Williams,sohe_____stayinbedforaweek.6.Eddie,Ithinkwe_______goupagain.howtohavewhattowearhowtospendmustmusthaveto7.Wedon’t________feedhermuch.8.Doyou_______wateritnow?9.Haveyoudecided__________withthesebooks,Hobo?10.I_______usethemtoreachtheboxonthefridge.11.Ididnotknow___________either.12.“Imustrunawayfromthem,”Ithought,butIdidnotknow_________away.havetohavetowhattodohavetowhattosayhowtogetIdon’tknowwhat______next.A.willdoB.doingC.doD.todo—Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?—Yes,you______.A.mustB.canC.mayD.need以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。Usingquestionwords+to-infinitives我们可以用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词who,what,which及疑问副词when,how,where等。常和“疑问词+动词不定式”结构连用的动词和动词短语有：tell,show,think,learn,know,wonder,decide,remember,forget,understand,see,hear,ask,advise,explain,findout等。Theyoungwomandoesn’tknowwhattodo.那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。Idon’tknowwhattosay.我不知道说什么。Wemustknowhowtooperatethemachine.我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。Wewanttolearnhowtowriteplays.我们想要学习如何写剧本。Theteachertoldthestudentshowtodotheexperiment.老师告诉学生如何做实验。Canyoushowmehowtomakeapaperboat?你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？有些动词，如advise,ask,show,teach,tell等，其后可以接双宾语。有些疑问词，如what,which,whose,howmany,howmuch等，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。Idon’tknowwhichtopictochoose.我不知道选哪个题目。在“疑问词+动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如sure,clear等的形容词。Iamnotsurewhichwaytotake.我不确定走哪条路。“疑问词+动词不定式”结构在句中还可以作主语和表语。Howtousethemachineisaquestion.（作主语）Thequestioniswhentogothere.（作表语）“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语时，相当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。Excuseme.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebookshop?=Excuseme.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothebookshop?注意：所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。Usingmustandhavetomust与haveto是两个常用的情态动词，两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时，应注意两词间的差别。must表示主语“有义务”的“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于肯定句和疑问句；must还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一定”。haveto强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不”。haveto有人称和数的变化。Imustworkhardatmylessons.我必须努力学习功课。(主观意愿）Ihavetolookaftermotherathome.Forsheisill.我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。(客观需要）Itisgettingdark.Hehastogohomenow.天快黑了。他现在得回家了。(客观需要）must的否定形式是mustnot，其缩写为mustn’t，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。haveto的否定形式是donothaveto，其缩写为don’thaveto。Youmustn’tmakeanynoiseinclass.上课时你们不许吵闹。Youdon’thavetowatertheflowers.Foritisgoingtorain.你们不必浇花了，因为要下雨了。不定式可以和疑问代词who,what,which及疑问副词when,how,where等连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。must表示主观的义务和必要，意思是“必须，得，要”，否定形式是mustnot;must还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一定”。haveto表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”，否定形式是donothaveto。请点击1.I’mgoingonafieldtripbutIhaven’tdecided______.(2007河南)A.whattodoB.todowhatC.wheretogoD.togowhere2.Excuseme.Wouldyoupleasetellme______buyadigitalcamera?(2007安徽)A.whattoB.wheretoC.whatIcanD.wherecanII.单项选择。3.—Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme______,WangLin?—Sure.(2008陕西)A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutitC.howtoworkitoutD.howtoworkoutit4.—WeneedanewleaderforourHelpingHandsClub,butIdon’tknow______.—WhynotMary?Sheisalwayswillingtohelpothers.(2011江苏南通)A.whattochooseB.howtochooseC.whentochooseD.whotochoose5.Themathproblemissohard.Ireallydon’tknow______.(2012甘肃鸡西)A.howtodoitB.howtodoC.whattodoit6.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______gettothenearestpostoffice?—Sorry,Iamnewhere.(2013山东威海)A.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcan7.—Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme______mycar?—Sure.Parkitrighthere.I’llhelpyou.(2013山东青岛)A.howtostopB.wheretoparkC.wheretostopD.whentopark8.—______Iswimhere?—I’msorry.Children______swimalonehere.(2012广东)A.Must;can’tB.May;mustC.Can;mustn’tD.Can’t;can9.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I'mafraidwe______.That'sthetrafficrule.(2013河南)A.canB.mayC.havetoD.need10.Studentsinourschool______knowshoutingisnotallowedinthelibrary.(2013山东莱芜)A.canB.mayC.mustD.need1.WhenIgointotheclothesshop,Ialwayscan’tdecide______onetobuy.2.Mygrandfatherdoesn’tknow______touseacomputer.3.---Willyoupleaseshowme_____todriveacar?---Yes,ofcourse.Nowletmetellyou_____todofirst.4.IwilltellLucy______and_______tomeet.whichhowhowwhatwhenwhereII.选用how,which,what,when,where填空。Andydoesn'tknow_____________.whattowearIII.看图完成句子。Milliecan’tdecide_________________.whichbooktobuyTheydon’tknow_________tothestation.howtogoIdon’tknowhow_______________fromalibra