非谓语动词分词课件

非谓语动词讲解NonfiniteVerbs分词：Participles一分词的概述1.它有两种形式：现在分词和过去分词。2.现在分词：doing过去分词：规则动词V+ed不规则动词现在分词与过去分词的区别：1.语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?2.时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成DevelopingcountryboilingwaterDevelopedcountryboiledwater二、分词的作用•1、作定语放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语。放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语。（1）前置定语Heisapromisingyoungman.Makelessnoise.There’sasleepingchild.（2）后置定语TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnand如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。•Thebridgebuiltlastmonthneedsrepairing.•上个月建造的那座桥需要修理。（3）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。如：•Thosewhowishtojointheclubshouldsignhere(Thosewishingtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.)想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。（4）过去分词作定语：表示被动和完成，只表完成。如：thequestiondiscussedyesterday昨天讨论的问题（既表示被动也表示完成）thefallenleaves•落下的树叶(只表示完成，不表示被动)2、作表语分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。如：Shewastoofrightenedtomove.她被吓得一动不动。Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.你所说的真令从鼓舞。3、作宾语补足语可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有see,watch,hear,set,keep,find,have,get等词。Isawhimwalkinginthestreet.我看见他在街上走。Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.我听见他们在教室里唱歌。Wefoundtheboysleeping.我们发现小孩睡着了。A）Iheardmybrother(singing,sung)inthenextroomB）Iheardthesong(singing,sung)inEnglish.现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别四、作状语现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成1.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,thefactorylooksbeautiful.2.(Hearing/heard)thebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.3.(Giving/Given)moretime,wecoulddoitbetter.4.Istoodbythedoor,notdaringtosayaword.Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.WhentheyheardthebadnewsGivenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.IftheyhadbeengivenmoreattentionBeingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.BecausehewassoangryTheycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.andtheyweresinginglaughingToservethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.Inordertoservethepeoplewell判断下列句子正误：1.TolearnEnglishwell,alotofpracticemustbedone.2.Seeingfromthehill,thecityismorebeautiful.3.Heating,waterwillboil.4.Gettingthere,thedoorwasfoundopened.将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语：1.Becauseshewasmovedbythehero,shedecidedtostudyharder.Movedbythehero,2.Whenhefoundthedoorlocked,hewenthome.Findingthedoorlocked,Hestartedearlyinorderthathecouldgetthereontime.togetthereontime将下列非谓语短语改写为状语从句1.Notknowingheraddress,Ican’twritetoher.2.Enteringtheroom,Isawastrangesight.3,Scoldedbytheteacher,hewasverysad.分词的时态和语态构成（以study和go为例）及物与不及物动词语态时态类别及物动词不及物动词主动语态被动语态主动语态现在分词一般式studyingbeingstudiedgoing完成式havingstudiedhavingbeenstudiedhavinggoing过去分词一般式studiedgone•被动式：beingdone表示一个现在进行的完成动作。1.Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.2.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.3.Asweapproachedthevillage,wesawnewhousesbeingputup.•完成式：havingdone所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。1.Havingturnedofftheradio,hebegantogooverhislessons.2.Nothavingreceivedhisfather’sletter,hedecidedtomakeacalltohim.独立主格结构独立主格结构有两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.Nobodyhavinganymoretosay,themeetingwasclosed.1．独立主格结构的形式：（1）名词/代词+-ing分词及其短语Themoonappearing,theydecidedtogoonwiththeirjourney.Thepupilsarewalkingslowly,theirteacherfollowing.（2）名词/代词+-ed分词及其短语Good-byesaid,wewenthome.Allthingsconsidered,itisagoodplan.2．with+复合宾语结构with后的宾语相当于该结构中的逻辑主语，其后面的词相当于这个结构中的逻辑谓语。翻译时，with原有的含意往往不翻译出来。（1）with+名词/代词+名词.Hewascarriedintothehospital,withhisfaceamassofbleedingflesh.（6）with+名词/代词+-en分词Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.Hediedwithhislife’sworkstillunfinished.（7）with+名词/代词+不定式Withfiveminutestogobeforethelasttrainleft,wearrivedhere.3.由Therebeing+主语这种结构多表示原因。例如：Therebeingalotofbookstoread,heoftenstudiedtillmidnight.因为有许多书要读，他经常学习到深夜。1.Themaninsisted________ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding2.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview._______theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having3.Ireallycan'tunderstand______herlikethat.A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating4.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk_______thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost选出下面习题正确答案1-I’mhungry,andIwanttoeatthecake.-What!itisnotgood_______A.foreatingB.tobeeatenC.toeatD.ateating2It’simportant_____andhelpful.A.tokindB.bekindC.kindD.tobekind3.IttookAliceandmeanhour______outtheproblem.A.toworkB.workingC.workD.forworking.4.Ifounditveryimportant______Englishwell.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned5.It’sverynice_____youto______meaboutit.A.for;tellB.of;sayC.to;speakD.of;tellThanksalot!