定语从句中who与that,that与which的区别

定语从句中that与who的用法区别1.两者均可指人，有时可互换（包括当先行词为all,anyone,someone等，同时也包括先行词受theonly等的修饰时）：Allthat[who]heardhimweredelighted.Heistheonlyoneamongusthat[who]knowsRussian.Anyonewho[that]isoversixteenisallowedin.Itisimpolitetoturnyourbackonsomeonewho[that]isspeakingtoyou.2.但是在下列情况，通常要用that：①当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时：ImadeaspeechonthemenandthingsthatIhadseenabroad.②当先行词是who时(为避免重复)：WhowasitthatwontheWorldCupin1982?③当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略)：Tomisnottheboy(that)hewas.3.但是在下列情况，通常要用who：当先行词为those且指人时，英语习惯上要用who来引导定语从句。如：Thosewhodonotwishtogoneednotgo.Thosewhocouldn’twalkwerecarriedonstretchers.那些不能走的人都用担架抬着。Itissaidthatthosewhoeatthemostaretheleasthealthy.据说吃得最多的人身体最差。Onlythosewhohadbookedinadvancewereallowedin.只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。TheplanwassupportedbythosewhowishedtolistentomoregoodEnglish.这计划受到想多听好英语的人的支持。Letusspendafewmomentsinsilencesothat/inorderthatwerememberthosewhodiedtopreserveourfreedom.让我们默哀片刻，以缅怀那些为维护我们的自由而牺牲了的人们。注：偶尔也可见到在who之后用that引导定语从句的用例，但相当少见。如：Thedangeristhatpeoplewhopaytheirbillsontimewillbelumpedinwiththosethatdon’t.危险的是那些及时付账的人将会同那些不及时付账的人混在一起。定语从句中which\that的用法与区别使用that的情况：1.当先行词是nothing,something,anything,all,each等不定代词时。e.g.Doyouhaveanythingthatisimportanttotellme?2.当先行词被all,any,some,no,not,every,each等修饰时。e.g.Ihavesomebooksthatareverygood.3.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。e.g.ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtmyself.ThebiggestbirdthatIcaughtisthisbird.4.主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时e.g.Whichisthebikethatyoulost?Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting.5.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatshewas.6.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that.Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.7.在therebe句型中,只用that.Heaskedforthelatestbook(that)thereisonthesubject.8.当先行词被thevery,thelast,thenext,theonly等词修饰时。e.g.ThisistheverybookthatIlostyesterday.9.当先行词又有人又有物时。e.g.Iwon’tforgetthethingsandthepersonsthatIsaw.只能使用which的情况。1、非限制性定语从句中。e.g.Maryhasabook,whichisveryprecious.2、在介词之后。e.g.Thisisahouseinwhichlivesanoldman.3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。e.g.ThatdogwhichIfoundinthestreetbelongstoMary.定语从句引导词即连词中没有what.有that,who,which,whose,whom,where等。1当先行词为人时用who或that.如：Heisthemanthat/wholikesplayingbasketball.2当先行词为物时用which或that.如：Thebookwhich/thatIboughtyestedayisveryinteresting.总之，what引导的是宾语从句而不是定语从句。如：Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddonext.