大学英语精读B2-Unit-2-Lessons-from-Jefferson

LOGOUnit2LessonsfromJefferson1.BackgroundInformation2.Structure3.NewWords4.Text5.UsefulExpressions6.ExercisesFamousPresidentsinAmericanHistoryGeorgeWashington(1732-1799)ThefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates.1789-1797Ledtheindependencewar.ThefatherofAmerica.AbrahamLincoln(1809-1865)ThesixteenthpresidentofAmerica.1861-1865Firmlyopposednegroslaverysystem.WontheCivilWar.乔治·华盛顿亚伯拉罕·林肯(1882-1945)The32ndPresidentoftheUnitedStatesHeledAmericatoovercometheGreatDepressionbyhisNewDeal.TheonlyAmericanpresidenttoservemorethantwoterms.1932-1945富兰克林.罗斯福RichardMilhousNixon(1913-1994)the37thpresidentoftheUnitedStates1969-1974thefirstAmericanpresidenttovisitChinaFeb,1972理查德·米尔豪斯·尼克松“Youareextendingyourhandacrossthevastestoceanoftheworld---noexchangebetweenourtwonationsfor25years.”我是跨越太平洋与中国人民握手。Jefferson'sChronologyDateEventApril13,1743BornatShadwell,GoochlandCounty(nowAlbemarleCounty),Virginia.1762AttendedtheCollegeofWilliamandMary,wherehestudiedlaw.—1779RepresentedthestateofVirginiaattheContinentalCongress.1779—1781ChosenasthegovernorofVirginia.1782HiswifeMarthadied.1785—1789ActedasAmericanministertoFrance.—1793ServedasvicePresidentunderJohnAdams.1797—1801EventEventEvent—1809FoundedtheUniversityofVirginia.1819DateThomasJefferson(1743-1826)isbestrememberedasagreatPresidentandastheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence.Healsowonlastingfameasadiplomat,apoliticalthinker,andafounderoftheDemocraticParty.•Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheircreatorwithcertainrights,thatamongthesearelife,libertyandpursuitofhappiness.•我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。:hewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence.AlthoughJeffersonlivedmorethan200yearsago,thereismuchthatwecanlearnfromhimtoday.Manyofhisideasareespeciallyinterestingtomodernyouth.Herearesomeofthethingshesaidandwrote:美国的第三任总统托马斯·杰弗逊也许不像乔治·华盛顿和亚伯拉罕·林肯那样著名，但大多数人至少记得有关他的一件事实：是他写的《独立宣言》。虽然杰弗逊生活在二百多年以前，但今天我们仍能从他身上学到很多东西。他的许多思想对当代青年来说特别有意义。下面就是他讲过和写过的一些观点:①②Fillinthiscustomsbaggagedeclarationform,please.请把这份海关行李申报单填好。Declaration宣言，布告，公告，声明；（纳税品在海关的）申报v.Declare宣布；声明，声称；申报Whichdotheywantmetodo?declarewarorsurrender?他们想让我做什么，宣战还是投降？Goandsee.Jeffersonbelievedthatafreemanobtainsknowledgefrommanysourcesbesidesbooksandthatpersonalinvestigationisimportant.Whenstillayoungman,hewasappointedtoacommitteetofindoutwhethertheSouthBranchoftheJamesRiverwasdeepenoughtobeusedbylargeboats.Whiletheothermembersofthecommitteesatinthestatecapitolandstudiedpapersonthesubject,Jeffersongotintoacanoeandmadeon-the-spotobservations.自己去看。杰弗逊认为，一个自由的人除了从书本中获取知识外，还可以从许多别的来源获得知；他认为，亲自做调查时很重要的。在他很年轻的时候，他就被任命为一个委员会的成员，去调查詹姆斯河南部的水深是否足以通行大型船只。委员会的其他成员都坐在州议会大厦内研究有关这一问题的文件，而杰弗逊却跳进一只独木舟去做现场观测。③obtain:vt.getthrougheffort得到，获得Informationaboutvisasandpassportscanbeobtainedfromyourlocallibrary.Iobtainedthisrecordforyouwithdifficulty.你可以从当地图书馆得到有关签证和护照的信息。source:n.根源,源头长江的源头是沱沱河。source&origin这两个名词均有“根源，起因”之意。source原指“水源”，转义指事物的“根源，起因或出处”origin指事物起始于某时或某处，或由其产生另一事，即“起源，起因，由来”，有时也指“出身，血统”。河水是在源头还是在流出之后受到污染的?Isthewaterpollutedatsourceorfurtherdownstream?他从未忘记过自己出身卑微。Heneverforgothishumbleorigins.ChangjiangRiverhasitssourceinTuotuoRiver.It’samatterofpersonalpreference.personal:adj.doneinperson;belongingtoaperson这是个人爱好问题。personalaffairs私事apersonalletter私人信件apersonalproblem个人隐私问题personalcall亲自拜访appointvt.任命,委派;约定appointsb.asappointsb.(todo)sth.appointsb.to(ajob,post,position,etc.)ElaineZhao,whowasappointedasSecretaryofLabor,isthefirstChineseinthecabinetoftheU.S.government.赵小兰被任命为美国劳工部部长,成为美国政府内阁成员中的第一位华裔.Accordingtoareport,aJapanesetrainstationhasappointedtwomonkeysastheirstat