第二语言学习动机研究及其存在的问题

(430074):20708030,,,:;;:H311:A:100025544(2003)0320016204Abstract:ThispaperexaminesL2motivationresearchindifferentstages.Literaturereviewindicatesthatpreviousresearchhassufferedsuchproblemsasresearchers’disagreementintheconceptionofL2motivation,narrowperspec2tivesonmotivation,andthelimitedsetofresearchtechniques.Theseproblemsarebelievedtohaveimpededthefur2therdevelopmentofL2motivationresearch.ThispaperalsoattemptstoidentifythefactorscausingtheseproblemsandmadesomesuggestionsforthefutureL2motivationresearch.Keywords:L2motivation;researchperspectives;researchtechniques50,LambertGardner,80,,90,,,1.,,(Oxford,etal,1994),,??,,(Keller,1983;citedinCrookes,etal,1991),,,(Gardner,1985),,Dornyei(1998:118),,Williams(1997:120),,,,,,,,,,,,öö,ö,(Crookes,etal,1991),,,,,,,,,,,,Chambers(1999),2.2.190,,Gardner(1979),6120035243ForeignLanguageEducationMay.2003Vol.24No.3,,,Schumann(1978),,,,,,,Beebe(1984)(intergroupmodel),,,(,2002a)(Gao,etal,2001),,Ajzen(1988),:(subjectivenorm)(perceivedbehavioralcontrol);;,,,,,(Chambers,1999)Ajzen2.290L2,,(1)1.(Williams,etal,1997:124),,(disequilibrium)Krasheni+1,,,,,Gardner,,2.3,Gardner,Williams(1994:77),,,,,,,,,,,,,,Gardner,,,,,,(Crookes,etal,1991;Dornyei,1998;Oxford,etal,1994;Schumann,1998;Williams,etal,1997)3.3.1,,,70,(Clement,etal,1994;Noels,etal,2001;Schmidt,etal,1996;Tremblay,etal,1995),(Schumann,1998:103),,(,2002b)3.270,(Clement,etal,1994;Dornyei,1990;Ehrman,1996;Schmidt,etal,1996),,,,,(Ely,1986;Bacon,etal,1990;Svanes,1987;Wen,1997),,,,,Trem2blay(1995),,,7120035243ForeignLanguageEducationMay.2003Vol.24No.3,,75,,.70.63,,Tremblay,,,,,,,,,Dornyei(1998),,,(Tremblay,1995;,2002),,,,,,,3.3,,,,,,;,,,GardnerAMTB,,,,Tremblay(1995),FrenchLanguageDominanceMotivationalIn2tensity,(Qin,1998)4.90,,Dornyei(1994),:,Gardner,Crookes(1991),Dornyei(1998),,,L2,Dornyei(1998),,,ö,L2,GardnerWilliams(1997),,:9:()4:WilliamsDornyei,,,,,,,,,Schumann10,Schumann,,(1998),,5:()()Schumann(1998:101),Gardner,70%,Clement(1994)Schmidt(1992),ö,Schmidt(1996),,,,,Schumann,5.,:1);2);3);4),,8120035243ForeignLanguageEducationMay.2003Vol.24No.3,,,,,,,,,,:(01JA740019),![1]Ajzen,I.Attitudes,PersonalityandBehavior[M].MiltonKeynes:OpenUniversityPress,1988.[2]Bacon,S.M.&M.D.Finnemann.Astudyoftheattitudes,motives,andstrategiesofuniversityforeignlanguagestudentsandtheirdispositiontoauthenticoralandwritteninput[J].ModernLanguageJournal,1990(74):4592473.[3]Beebe,L.M.&H.Giles.Speechaccommodationtheories:Adiscussionintermsofsecond2languageacquisition[J].Interna2tionalJournaloftheSociologyofLanguage,1984(46):5232.[4]Chambers,G.MotivatingLanguageLearners[M].Clevedon:MultilingualMattersLtd,1999.[5]Clement,R.,Z.Dornyei&K.Noels.Motivation,self2confi2dence,andgroupcohesionintheforeignlanguageclassroom[J].LanguageLearning,1994(44):4172448.[6]Crookes,G.&R.Schmidt.Motivation:Reopeningtheresearchagenda[J].LanguageLearning,1991(41):4692512.[7]Dornyei,Z.&K.Csizer.Tencommandmentsformotivatinglan2guagelearners:Resultsofanempiricalstudy[J].LanguageTeachingResearch,1998(2,3):2032229.[8]Dornyei,Z.Conceptualizingmotivationinforeignlanguagelearn2ing[J].LanguageLearning,1990(40):45278.[9]Dornyei,Z.Motivationandmotivatingintheforeignlanguageclassroom[J].ModernLanguageJournal,1994(78):2732284.[10]Dornyei,Z.Motivationinsecondandforeignlanguagelearning[J].LanguageTeaching,1998(31):1172135.[11]Ehrman,M.E.Anexplorationofadultlanguagelearningmoti2vation,self2efficacy,andanxiety[A].InR.L.Oxford(eds).LanguageLearningMotivation:PathwaystotheNewCentury[C].Honolulu:TheUniversityofHawaiiPress,1996.[12]Ely,Christopher.Languagelearningmotivation:Adescriptiveandcausalanalysis[J].ModernLanguageJournal,1986(70):28235.[13]Gao,Yihong,YuxiaLi&WeinaLi.Englishlearningmotivationandself2identity:Aconstructiveprocess[D].PaperpresentedattheThirdInternationalSymposiumonELTinChina,Beijing.2001.[14]Gardner,R.C.Socialpsychologicalaspectsofsecondlanguageacquisition[A].InH.Giles&R.St.Clair(ed.).LanguageandSocialPsychology[C].Oxford:BasilBlackwell,1979.[15]Gardner,R.C.SocialPsychologyandLanguageLearning:TheRoleofAttitudesandMotivation[M].London:EdwardArnold,1985.[16]Keller,J.M.Motivationdesignofinstruction[A].InC.M.Reigeluth(ed.).InstructionalDesignTheoriesandModels[C].Hillsdale,NewJersey:Erlbaum,1983.[17]Noels,K.A.LearningSpanishasasecondlanguage:Learners’orientationsandperceptionsoftheirteachers’communicationstyle[J].LanguageLearning,2001(51):1072144.[18]Oxford,R.L.&J.Shearin.Languagelearningmotivation:Ex2pandingthetheoreticalframework[J].ModernLanguageJour2nal,1994(78):12228.[19]Qin,Xiaoqing.AnInvestigationintotheInternalStructureofEFLMotivationattheTertiaryLevelinChina[D].Unpub2lishedPh.D.dissertation,NanjingUniversity,1998.[20]Schmidt,R.&W.Savage.Challenge,skill,andmotivation[J].PASAA,1992(22):14228.[21]Schmidt,R.,D.Boraie&O.Kassabgy.Foreignlanguagemoti2vation:Internalstructureandexternalconnections[A].InR.L.Oxford(eds),LanguageLearningMotivation:PathwaystotheNewCentury[C].UniversitytoHawaiiatManoa:SecondLanguageTeaching&CurriculumCenter,1996.[22]Schumann,J.H.Theacculturationmodelforsecond2lan