Step-by-step-3000-第二册--Unit2-答案

Unit2ShapingandreshapingpersonalityPartI-A1-h,2-d,3-j,4-k,5-b,6-i,7-g,8-e,9-l,10-f,11-c,12-aTapescript:1.TaurusApril21-May12,isrepresentedbyabull.2.Virgoisrepresentedbyayoungwoman.3.Capricorn.........byagoat.4.Pisces................bytwofish.5.Aquarius............bythewater-bearer.6.Leo.....................byalion7.Cancer...............byacrab8.Aries....................byaram9.Gemini.................bytwins10.Sagitarus............byacentaurshooinganarrow11.Scorpio................byascorption12.Libra...................byapairofmeasuringscales.PartI-BVery,notvery,extremely,sortof,veryTapescript:W:Hey,Kevin.Helpmefilloutthispersonalitysurvey.It'llbefun.M:Oh,Idon'tknow...W:Oh,comeon...Ok,here'sthefirstone--whatshouldIputforaggressive?M:Oh,I....I'dsayvery.W:Very?Really?M:Yeah,sure.Lookatthewayyoudrive!W:Well,Ok,soI'maveryaggressivedriver...But..Youhavetodrivelikethatinthiscity,oryou'regonnabehit,because....M:Uh,...What'sthenextone?W:Selfish.M:Oh,notatall.W:Really?Well...Maybejustalittle...Imean,alotofpeopleare,right?Justalittlebit?Youknow,Imean,Itrytothinkofotherpeople,butsometimesIdojustthinkofmyself,Iguess.M:Ok,Ok,soputnotvery.W:OK.M:Butyoucanputextremelyforthenextone.W:What?Oh,kind?M:Yes.Don'tyouthinkyouareanextremelykindperson?W:Iam?Ok,ifyousayso.Oh,looktthisnextone.W:Yeah.M:Hmm...Idon'tknow.Sometimesyoucanbereallypatient,butothertimesyouarenotpatientatall.Likerememberthattimeinlineatthesupermarketwhenyougot...W:Ok,ok,Igetyourpoint.I'llputsortof/.M:Ok,that'sright.W:Nextone...jealous...IguessIamsortofjealous...M:Sortof?I'dputvery.Rememberhowangryyougotwhenmyex-girlfriendcalledtheotherday?Irememberyouaregonnaraisetheroof...W:Allright,allright,Very.PartI-CAmbitiousandproudHelpfulandhonestSelfishandunreliableTapescript:GeorgeW:Sowhatareyougoingtodoafteryougraduates,George?G:I'mgoingtostartmyownbusiness.W:Oh,really?Whattypeofbusiness?G:Well,Ihaven'tdecidedyet,butIknowI'llbesuccessfulinanythingIdo.Infact,Iamgoingtobeoneofthetopbusinesspeopleintowninlessthanfiveyears.Justwaitandsee!Ihaveeverythingittakes--Iamsmart,Icanorganizepeople.AndIamfullofideasthatcanmakemoney.KarenK:Hey!Lookatthiswalletonthesidewalk.Wow!There'slotofmoneyinit...Butnoidentification.Mmm...IwonderhowIcanfindtheowner?IguessIwilltakeittothepolicestationandseeifanyonehasreportedalostwallet.PamM:Whatareyoudoingtonight,Pam?P:Well,IwassupposedtomeetBillafterworkforamovie,butIdon'tfeellikegoing.IthinkIwillgoshoppinginstead.M:Won'tBillgetmad?P:Oh,Iamsurehecanfindsomethingelsetodo.M:Oh?P:Besides,Ireallyneedsomenewclothes.Ihaven'tboughtanyfornearlyamonth!M:Huh!PartIIYoungboys1.Measuretheboys'abilitiesandhowtheyfeltabouttheirownabilities;2.Threegroups--thosewithhighself-esteem/middleself-esteem/lowself-esteem3.Inallsituation--athome/atwork/inschool/withfriends1.Active/abletoexpressideas/successfulinschoolandinrelationswithotherpeople/creative/ledindiscussions/interestedinworldproblems/seldomtiredorsick2.Liketheboyswithhighself-esteem/expressideasfreely/sawtheworldasagoodandhappyplace/notsureoftheirownvalue3.Sadmosttime/afraidtostartactivities/feltnolove/couldn'texpressideas/afraidofanger/notalkindiscussiona.closenessb.goodbehaviorb.almostanythingc.definite,strict,kindandthoughtfulc.nodefinited.rewardsd.harshpunishmente.democratic,respectedf.importance,takenawayf.didn'tlovethemTapescript:Scientistshavelearnedagreatdealaboutthepartsofbrainandtheirfunctions.Theyhavealsostudiedthedevelopmentofthepersonality,forexample,howababylearnstolove.InrecentstudiesattwouniversitiesintheUnitedStates,scientistshaveinvestigatedthedevelopmentofself-esteem.Self-esteemistherespectapersonhasforhimself,hisbeliefinhisabilityandinthevalueofwhathedoes.Thescientistsstudiedself-esteeminyoungboys.Theygavethemmanytests.Thesetestmeasuredtheboys'abilitiesandalsohowtheyfeltabouttheirownabilities.Afterthetests,theboysweredividedintothreegroups--thosewithhigh-esteem,thosewithmiddle-esteemandthosewithloveself-esteem.Thescientistcontinuedtostudytheboysinallsituations.Theystudiedthemathome,atwork,inschool,andwiththeirfriends.Fromtheirstudies,thescientistsmadesomeobservations.Boyswithhighself-esteemwereactive.Theywereabletoexpresstheirideas.Theyweresuccessfulinschoolandintheirrelationswithotherpeople.Indiscussions,theyled.Theydidn'tjustlisten.Theywereinterestedinworldproblems.Theywerecreativeandbelievedthattheycouldfinishwhatevertheystarted.Theyseldombecametiredorsick.Inmanyways,theboyswithmiddleself-esteemwereliketheboyswithhighself-esteem.Theytooexpressedtheirideasfreelyandsawtheworldasagoodandhappyplace.However,theywerenotsureoftheirownvalueaspeople.Theydidtheirbestworkwhentheyweresurethatotherpeoplelikedthem.Theboyswithlowself-esteemweredifferentfromtheothertwogroups.Theyweresadmostofthemtime.Theywereafraidtostartactivities.Theyfeltthatnoonelovedthem.Theycouldnotexpresstheirideas.Theywereafraidofanger.Inadiscussion,theylistened,buttheydidn'ttalk.Thescientistsasked,Howdosomeboysdevelophighself-esteem?:Whatisdifferentintheirlives?Someoftheanswersweresurprising.Highself-esteemdidnotdependuponp