高速列车转向架的工装与构架侧梁的焊接

华东交通大学1高速列车转向架的工装与构架侧梁的焊接摘要转向架是轨道交通车辆最重要的组成部件之一，而转向架构架是转向架的骨架，用以联系转向架各组成部分和传递个方向的力，并用来保持车轴在转向架内的内置，其结构是否合理直接影响车辆的运行品质和行车安全。因而，合理设计转向架的结构和强度是轨道交通车辆设计中一项重要的工作。本设计分析了CRH3动车组转向架构架的组成，对构架上的连接部分进行了数控加工，并编写了加工工艺过程。由于转向架构架一般采用焊接结构，因此，分析和设计了侧梁的焊接工艺和夹具。制造业的整体能力和水平，直接关系到国家的经济实力、国防实力、综合国力和在全球经济中的竞争与合作能力，也决定着我国的现代化和民族复兴的进程。作为一种高效率的焊接方法，CO2气体保护焊在我国工业经济的各个领域获得了广泛的运用。但是C02气体保护焊还存在许多不足，在实际生产运用中并不是完美的，它还存在焊缝光滑度差，飞溅多等问题。混合气体保护焊即MAG焊(MetalActiveGasARCWelding)是利用惰性气体Ar及部分活性气体CO2作为保护气体的一种气体保护焊方法，同CO2气体保护焊相比，其有着特有的优点。在本文中，通过理论分析、实验论证以及实际生产产品对两种焊接方式进行对比分析，进一步论证混合气体及混合比例对焊接产品品质(主要针对焊接工艺稳定性、焊缝成形以及焊接力学性能等)及焊接成本的影响。加以说明富氩MAG焊在从事焊接加工的制造产业中有着广泛的前景。随着计算机技术的发展，利用计算机技术模拟焊接过程，是一种新的研究手段。本文根据有限元分析法对焊接过程温度场、氢扩散建模等做了简要介绍，并通过实验的方式以求证实际焊接作业同焊接过程计算机模拟的结果的近似性。关键字：CRH3;转向架构架;焊接工艺;C02保护焊;MAG焊。梁达封：高速列车转向架2Toolingofthehigh-speedtrainbogieandframeweldingABTRACTThebogieistheimportantcomponentsofrailvehicle,whilethebogieframeistheskeletonofthebogieandislinktothevariouscomponentsofthebogietothedirectionoftransmissionpower,andusedtokeeptheaxleinthebogiebuilt,itsstructureisreasonabletorunadirectimpactonthequalityofvehiclesandtrafficsafety.Thus,therationaldesignofbogieframeofthestructureandstrengthisthedesignofrailtransitvehiclesandimportanttask.Thedesignanalysistheimportantcomponentsofbogieframe,atthesametime,ncmachiningoftheconnectionstructureofthebogieframe,anddesignthemachiningprocessandfixture.Duetothebogieframegenerallyusesweldingstructure,soanalysisanddesigntheweldingprocessofthesidebeamandfixture.Manufacturingindustryoverallabilityandlevel，directrelatetothenationaleconomicpotentiality,nationaldefensestrength，comprehensivenationalstrengthandinglobaleconomiccompetitionandcooperationability,isalsodecidingourcountry.Smodemizationandthenationalrevivaladvancement．Asahighlyefficientweldingmethods，theC02shieldedweldinghasobminedthewidespreadmilk．ioninourcountryindustryalltheeconomy.Sareas．However，theColgasshieldedweldingisnotperfectintheUSeofactualproduction，ithaspoorweldsmoothnessandmoreflyingsinweldingmanufacturingenterprises．MAGwelding(MetalActiveGasARCWelding)isaweldingmethodusingofinertgasArandsomeactivegasC02asaprotectivegas．ComparedwiththeC02gasshieldedarcwelding，MAGweldinghasuniqueadvantages．Inthispaper,throughtheoreticalanalysis，experimentalverificationaswellastheactualproductionoftwotypesofweldingproductswereanalyzed，andfurtherproofofmixedgasesandthemixingratiooftheweldingqualityoftheproducts(mainlyforthestabilityofweldingprocess，weldshape，aswellasmechanicalproperties，suchaswelding)andtheweldingcosts．ToillustratetherichargonweldingMAGweldingengagedinmanufacturingindustrieshasabroadprospect．Withthedevelopmentofcomputertechnology,usingcomputertechnologytosimulatetheweldingprocess，isanewmeansofresearch．FiniteElementAnalysisBasedontheweldingprocesstemperature，hydrogendiffusionmodelingtodoabriefintroduction，andthroughexperimentalapproachtoverifytheactualweldingoperationwiththeweldingprocesstheresultsofcomputersimulationoftheapproximation．KeyWords：CRH3;Bogieframe;NCmachiningprocess;Weldingprocess;Fixturedesigning;TheC02shieldedwelding;MAGwelding.华东交通大学3目录第一章绪论........................................................................................................................................................51．1课题背景.............................................................................................................................................51．2国内外发展现状.................................................................................................................................61.3课题的意义............................................................................................................................................71．4课题研究的主要内容.........................................................................................................................7第二章CRH3动车组转向架构架的组成.........................................................................................................82.1转向构架的概述....................................................................................................................................82.1.1转向架的基本作用与要求........................................................................................................82.1.2转向架的组成............................................................................................................................82.1.3转向架的分类............................................................................................................................92.2构架的概述..........................................................................................................................................102.2.1构架的作用..............................................................................................................................102.2.2构架的种类..............................................................................................................................102.3本次设计的转向架的介绍和任务要求...............................................................................................11带三章常见气体保