基本句型公开课

BasicSentencePatternsⅠWhatisasentence?Asentenceisagroupofwordsthattellsacompletethought.Tellwhethereachofthefollowingisasentenceornot.(Y)for“Yes”;(N)for“No”.①Alloftheothergirlsatthemall.②Bobwasrunningintheyard.③Myarmhurtsalittle.④Eventhoughitwaslateandverydark.YYNN⑤Whatadayforaparty!⑥Abigcrowdofpeoplewhowerecurious.⑦Someofthegirlswalkingthroughthedarkforest.YNNⅡBasicSentenceElements主语（subject）谓语（predicate）表语（predicative）宾语（object）定语（attribute）状语(adverbial)补语（complement）英语的基本成分有七种：主语：主语是句子叙述的主体，由名词、名词性短语和从句充当。谓语:谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。Eg.Theweatherisgettingwarmer.Togiveisbetterthantoreceive.宾语:宾语是动作的对象或承受者，常位于及物动词或介词后面，由名词、名词性短语和从句充当。表语：用以说明主语性质、特征和状态，位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow等）之后。Identifytheunderlinedpartsofthefollowingsentences.Characteriswhatyouareinthedark.暗处最能反映一个人真正品格。Thereisnorosewithoutathorn.没有玫瑰不长刺。Teachingothersteachesyourself.教学相长Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Savingisgetting.省钱就是赚钱。Whatisdonebynightappearsbyday.若要人不知,除非已莫为。定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的形容词、短语或从句。状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征。Identifytheunderlinedpartsinthefollowingpassage.Anartisthadpaintedachildholdingabasketoffruit.Afriendofhis,whoadmiredthispicture,wishingtoshowitsperfection,saidtosomepersonsthatthefruitappearedsonaturalthatthebirdscametopeckatit.Acountryman,whoheardthesepraises,said:Ifthisfruitisaswellrepresentedasyousay,itisnotsowiththechild,sincehedoesnotfrightenthebirds.ⅢBasicSentencePatterns英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。一：Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）二：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）三：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）四：Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）Pattern1：Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）此句型的谓语是不及物动词，都能表达完整的意思，不加宾语。后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。1.Time2.Themoon3.Everybody4.Thekidflies.rose.laughed.isplaying.ＳＶiPattern2：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）此句型的谓语是连系动词，不能单独表达一个完整的意思，须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语。Courage│is│aladder.Wastingtime│is│robbingoneself.Allthingsintheirbeing│are│goodforsomething.天生我才必有用.Pattern3：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型句子的谓语是及物动词，必须跟有一个宾语才能表达完整的意思。One│mustseek│pillar(支柱)inlife.Who│knows│theanswer?Pattern4：Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）此句型的谓语必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个指人(间接宾语)；一个指物(直接宾语)。I│showed│him│mypictures.Give│me│acupofteaplease.这类谓语动词有：give,bring,tell,send,leave,pass,read,write,take,show,teach,get,award,lend,rent,buy,pay,hand,recommend.Pattern5：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）此句型的谓语虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。Thewarmadehimasoldier.Newmethodsmakethejobeasy.Wepaintedthewallwhite.常带复合宾语结构的及物动词有：elect,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,make,notice,see,let,smell,start,watch,appoint,believe,call,catch,allow,ask,cause,consider,expect,know,tell,think,want,wish,listento,lookatStepⅣCompoundSentenceandComplexSentence句子的类型：简单句：只有一个主谓结构的句子。并列句：由并列连词或分号把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子。复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。并列连词用来连接平行对等的分句。按其表示的不同意思有下面几种：A.表示转折意思:but,yet,however,neverthelessB.表示因果关系:for,so,therefore,henceC.表示并列关系:and,or,either…or,neither/nor,notonly…but(also)Everythingintheworldisoutsideyoubuthealthbelongstoyourself.HehaslearnedEnglishforonlyoneyear,yethecancommunicatewithpeopleinEnglish.Youareintheright,thereforeweshouldsupportyou.复合句（ComplexSentence），有两个或两个以上的主谓结构。Becausetheytalkathomewhilethetelevisionison,manypeoplethinktheycantalkatmoviesaswell.（状语从句）Whetherhecomesornotdoesntmakeanydifferencetome.（主语从句）Thereisdisagreementamongeconomistsaboutwhatmoneyisandhowmoneyismeasured.（宾语从句）Chinaisnotwhatitusedtobe.（表语从句）Isthereanyproofthatthefoodofplantdiffersfromthatofanimals?（同位语从句）Taxesconsistofmoneythatpeoplepaytosupporttheirgovernment.（定语从句）ⅤConsolidationReadthefollowingpassageandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChineseonthebasisofsentencestructure.EagleinaStormDidyouknowthataneagleknowswhenastormisapproachinglongbeforeitbreaks?Theeaglewillflytosomehighspotandwaitforthewindstocome.Whenthestormhits,itsetsitswingssothatthewindwillpickitupandliftitabovethestorm.Whilethestormragesbelow,theeagleissoaringaboveit.Theeagledoesnotescapethestorm.Itsimplyusesthestormtoliftithigher.Itrisesonthewindsthatbringthestorm.Whenthestormsoflifecomeuponus—andallofuswillexperiencethem—wecanriseabovethembysettingourbeliefthatwecanmakeit.Thestormsdonothavetoovercomeus.Wecanallowourinnerpowertoliftusabovethem.Wecanenableourselvestoridethewindsofthestormthatbringsickness,tragedy,failureanddisappointmentinourlives.Wecansoarabovethestorm.Remember,itisnottheburdensoflifethatweighusdown,itishowwehandlethem.