中考总复习英语动名词

动名词由动词原形+-ing构成，与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质，有宾语和状语；也有名词的性质，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。动名词和动词不定式作主语，在许多情况下可以通用，但动名词作主语表示抽象或多次的行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。动名词3作主语：Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.吃的太多对身体健康有害。作表语：Mymother’sjobisraisingchicken.我母亲的工作是养鸡。作宾语：Idon’tmindlisteningtothatstoryagain.我不介意再听一遍那个故事。作定语：Let’sjointhesinginggroup.让我们加入合唱队吧。aworkingmethod.工作方法其后常接动名词的的动词及动词词组有finish,enjoy,practice,understand,mind,keep,consider,miss,avoid(避免)，suggest,admit,beworth,havedifficulty/problem/trouble/fun,wastetime,can’thelp/can’tstop,beusedto(习惯于)等。其后既可以接动名词，也可接动词不定式的动词有：love,like,prefer,begin,start,continue,remember,try,stop,forget,hate,need,allow,goon等。介词后接动名词，如：keep…from,stop…from,makeacontributionto,lookforwardto,spend…(in),beafraidof,beproudof,beusedfor,feellike,giveup,beinterestedin,putoff等。lookforwardtodoingsth.lookforwardtodoingsth.“盼望做某事”I’mlookingforwardtomeetingyouagain.=Iexpecttomeetyouagain.我期待再次见到你。1.begoodatdoingsth.善于做某事2.Whataboutdoingsth.做某事怎么样？3.bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于/着做某事4spendtime(in)doingsth.花时间做某事5.haveaproblem(in)doingsth.做某事有问题/困难6.havemuchfun(in)doingsth.much=great=lotsof做某事有趣7.keepsb.doingsth.使某人不停地做某事8.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事9.finishdoingsth.完成做某事10.keepdoingsth.不停地做某事11.minddoingsth.介意/在乎做某事12.practicedoingsth.练习做某事后面必须接ving的短语和单词1.begoodatdoingsth.善于作某事2.Whataboutdoingsth.作某事怎么样？3.bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于/着作某事4spendtime(in)doingsth.花时间作某事5.haveaproblem(in)doingsth.作某事有问题/困难6.havemuchfun(in)doingsth.much=great=lotsof作某事有趣7.lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事8.dowellindoingsth.善于作某事9.keepsb.doingsth.使某人不停地作某事10.enjoydoingsth.喜欢作某事11.finishdoingsth.完成作某事12.keepdoingsth.不停地作某事13.minddoingsth.介意/在乎作某事14.practicedoingsth.练习做某事15.imaginedoingsth.想象作某事分词分为现在分词和过去分词。分词4区别：现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。如：Themanstandingbythewindowsisourteacher.站在门边的人是我们的老师。Thehousebuiltlastyearhasbecomeourlab.去年建的房子已成了我们的实验室。1现在分词表示事物本身所具有的性质，意为“令人……的”；过去分词表达由外界引起的内心活动，意为“感到……的”。如：theexcitingnews令人兴奋的消息theexcitedlook激动的表情常用的还有：interesting/interested,tiring/tired,boring/bored.现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示完成的动作。如：fallingleaves正在飘落的树叶fallenleaves落叶（已落下）developingcountry发展中国家developedcountry发达国家用法：作定语:单个分词作定语一般放在所修饰的词前面，短语作定语常放在所修饰的词后面。如：Thequestionbeingdiscussedisimportanttous.正在被讨论的问题对我们很重要。Theexcitedpeoplerushedintothebuilding.激动的人们冲入了大楼。作状语:分词或分词短语可以作时间、原因、方式、结果、伴随等状语。如：Beingastudent,Imuststudyhard.作为一名学生，我必须努力学习。（原因状语）Heranoutoftheroom,shoutingloudly.他大喊着从房间分阶段跑出来。(伴随状语)2作表语：Thestoryisinteresting.这个故事很有趣。Thewindowisbroken.窗户破了。作宾语补足语，一般用在see,hear,notice,feel,have等动词之后与宾语构成复合宾语。如：Isawadogrunningacrossthestreet.我看见一只狗跑过街道。Imusthavethebikerepaired.我必须找人修理自行车。不定式与分词都可跟在某些动词之后作宾语补足语。不定式作宾语补足语，表示动作发生的全过程；现在分词作宾语补足语，强调动作正在发生；过去分词作宾语补足语，则重在表示被动的概念。Whentheywentintothepark,theysawsomeboysplayingfootball.当他们走进公园时，他们看见一些男孩在踢足球。（正在做）Doyouoftenseethenplayfootball?你常看他们踢足球吗？（全过程）Hespeaksloudlytomakehimselfheardclearly.他大声说以便让别人听清他的话。（他的话被听）2)forgettodosth.忘记去做某事（未做）forgetdoingsth.忘记做过了某事（已做）•Thelightintheofficeisoff.Itwasshewhoturneditoff,butsheherselfforgot_______(turn)itoff.•Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Sheforgot______(turn)itoff.3)remembertodosth.记着去做某事（未做）rememberdoingsth.记着做了某事（已做）•Doyouremember______(meet)meatapartylastyear?•Youmustremember______(leave)tomorrow.4)stoptodosth.stopdoingsth.5)regrettodosth.regretdoingsth.•Iregret_____(go)tohishometown.•Iregret_____(tell)youthetruth.6)trytodosth.trydoingsth.Youmusttry_____(do)itagain.Let’stry_____(do)theworkinsomeotherway.7)meantodosth.meandoingsth.Ifitmeans_____(delay)morethanaweek,I’llnotwait.Imean_____(go),andnothingcanstopme.8)goontodosth.goondoingsth.9)like/love/start/begin/hate/continuetodosth.doingsth.10)Sth.wnat/require/needtobedonedoing.Thetempleneeds____(rebuild).Thechildrenrequire____(educate).1、(2009四川泸州).Myfatheralwaysasksme________toomuchjunkfood.A.don’teatB.nottoeatC.noteat2、(2009凉山州)ThoughAlexhadoftenmadehislittlesister_______,todayhewasmade______byhislittlesister.A.cry;tocryB.tocry;cryC.cry;cry3、(2009宁波)-Lookatthesun!It'stoohottoday.--Yes.Whynot_______yourcoat?A.takeoffB.takeawayC.takeoutD.takeup4、(2009浙江绍兴).–IsJackinthelibrary?-Maybe.Isawhim______outwithsomebooksjustnow.A.goingB.goC.togoD.went5、(2008甘肃兰州)Ifind____veryimportanttolearnEnglishwellbecauseitisaninternationallanguagenow.A.itB.itsC.thatD.this6、(2008甘肃嘉峪关)FangFangisoldenough____toschool.A.goesB.togoC.wentD.go7、（2008甘肃武陵）Sunglassesareusedfor____youreyes.A.protectedB.protectC.pretectingD.toprotect8、（2008甘肃兰州）Marywaslookingforwardto____toKate’sbirthdayparty.A.invitingB.beinginvitedC.inviteD.beinvited9、(2008甘肃甘南州)Wesawhissister____basketballwhenwewenttotheoffice.A.playB.playedC.playing10、（2008甘肃兰州）Theheadmastersaidtheywouldhave__library___.A.another;builtB.other;builtC.another;buildD.other;buildingThankyou!