英式发音规则(BBC：蒂姆英音课堂)

英式发音规则（BBC：蒂姆的英音课堂）一、弱读WeakForms（重点掌握：schwa音/ə/）1.apieceofcakea,of:/ə/--schwa音（usedinmanygrammawords,likearticlesandprepositions）eg:Ilikeacupofteainthemorning.Couldyougivemeapacketofbiscuits?Canyougiveittome?Ihadanappleforlunchtoday.2.and(basicconjunction,frequentlyunstressed)strong:/ænd/weak:/ən/or/n/Fishandchipsfish‘n’chipseg:I’mgoingtogoandgettheshopping.Applesandorangesaremyfavouritefruits.I’vebeenthinkingandthinking,butIcan’tdecide.Wewentforacoffeeandsomethingtoeat.3.was:/wɒz/;unstressed/wəz/were:/wɜː/;unstressed/wə/eg:Iwastherewhenithappened.Hewasfeelingmuchbetterlastnight.Wewerehavingagoodtimeuntilitrained.Weweredelightedwiththeresults.4.haveto(modalform情态动词“have”)strong:/hævtuː/;weak:/hæftə/eg:Theyhavetobetherebyten.Wehavetofindanotherflat.Youhavetotellmethegossip.Ialwayshavetotakethetrain.have(auxiliary助动词“have”)辅音+have：have的发音省略/h/，元音变schwa音弱读为/əv/I’dhavestayedhome.→I’d’vestayedhome.eg:Yourparcelshouldhavebeendeliveredyesterday.Iwouldhavedoneitdifferently.Wemighthavemadeamistake.Thepolicehavearrived.在句中，辅音结尾+“h”开头的代词,“h”不发音(代词:he,him,his,her)eg：Helookslikehe’shadanaccident.Ireallylikehiscooking.Wethinkhe’sleftthecountry.Theylethimleaveearly.Theyofferedherapromotion.5.can(modalauxiliary情态助动词)strong:/kæn/weak:/kən/(alsowrittenas/kn/)eg:Canyouhelpmebringintheshopping,please?IcanswimfurtherthanIcanrun.Youcansucceedifyouworkhard.Howfarcanyouthrowatennisball?6.beenstrong:/biːn/weak:/bɪn/eg:I’vebeeninLondonsince2015.Ihavebeenworkinghereforseveralyears.Howlonghaveyoubeenwaiting?It’sbeenyearssinceIwenttothecinema.7.fromstrong/frɒm/（句末）weak/frəm/（句中弱读）eg:Iborroweditfrommybrother.Ireadthebookfromcovertocover.Thenearestpostofficeisnotfarfromhere.Comeoveranytimefromseveno'clock.二、语音同化Assimilation1./t/+/p/→almost(mouthshape)/p/+/p/whitepieceofpapereg:TherearelotsofgreatparksinLondon.Ilovesplitpeasoup.Ihatepotatoes/Mymatepickedusupfromtheairport.2./t/+/k/（元音+/t/）+/k/开头的词时，/t/发音为/k/（mouthshape）creditcardeg:Don’tletitgetcold!Youhavetodoitquickly.There’snoshortcutlearningalanguage.Ididn’tlikethatcake.3./t/+/j/→/tʃ/meetyou/mi:t//ju:/→/miːtʃu:/eg:Thatshirtwon’tsuityou.Don’tyouwanttocometotheparty?Ibetyourbossdoesn’tknow.CanIgetyouanything?4./d/+/j/→/dʒ/wouldyou/wʊd//ju:/→/wʊdʒu:/甚至有时/u:/会弱读schwa音：/wʊdʒə/eg:I’msadyoudecidedtoquit.Couldyougetherebymidnight?Shouldyouseehim,canyougivehimamessage?Idon’tthinkthegoldyoubroughtwasreal.5.-d-to-ɡ-当/d/+/ɡ/或/k/,/d/发音为/ɡ/(mouthshape)badgirl/bæd//ɡɜːl/→/bæɡɜːl/eg:He’sareallygoodcook.Lastnightwehadguestsfordinner.Canyouprintoutahardcopy?I’dlovetowalkdowntheredcarpetoneday.6./d/+/b/（元音+/d/）+/b/开头的词时，/d/发音为/b/（mouthshape）speedboateg:Mysonisareallygoodboy.I’msorryifIwasrudebefore.Mycarhadtobetowedbacktothegarage.Youshouldbuyhimapresent.7./s/+/j/或/ʃ/时，/s/发音为/ʃ/（mouthshape）Blessyou/bles//ju:/→/bleʃu:/thisshirt/ðɪs//ʃɜːt/→/ðɪʃɜːt/eg:Canyoujustshutthedoor,please?/t/在辅音间不发音，/s/+/ʃ/→/ʃ/Thisyachatisbeautiful.Don’tworry,that’susual.Healwaysmakesyoufeelgood.8.以/n/结尾的词+以/b//p//m//w/开头的词时，/n/音会变为/m/的口型，因为嘴巴在为下一个音做准备GreenPark/ɡriːn//pɑːk/→/ɡriːmpɑːk/eg:Iowntenpairsofsocks.Hedidn’tdoitonpurpose.IwouldlovetoliveinParis.CanyoucomeonWednesday?三、省略音Elision1.Elisionof-t-Ican’tdoit./t/音处于两个辅音之间时，通常不发音eg:Ican’tstandtherain.Itmustbetimetoleave.AmIthefirstpersonhere?Idon’twantit.2.Elisionof-d-boiledpotatoes/d/处于两个辅音之间，通常不发音eg:Mybestfriendletmeborrowhiscar.Don’tholdback—saywhatyoumean.Hisbikerolleddownthehillwithouthim.四、省略+同化ElisionandAssimilation1.“nd”→/m/sandwich/ˈsæn.wɪtʃ/→/sæmwɪtʃ/d位于俩辅音之间，省略（2）；/n/+/w/→/m/+/w/，同化（8）；eg:Mygrandparentshavebeenmarriedfor50years.Igotastandbyticket.Thebandplayeduntilmidnight.Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain.五、连锁音Catenation1.Consonant-vowellinking辅音+元音连读（中间不停顿，读成一个词）aneggeg:He’sinthegarden.IusedtobelieveinFatherChristmas,butnotanymore.Ihadtogiveupjogging.Hehaditinhisoffice.六、连接音Linking1.Linking–r-拼写中/r/在单词中不发音，后面跟辅音/r/也不发音，但后面跟元音时，加上/r/音war/wɔːr/WarandPeace/wɔːrənpiːs/eg:YouknowIreallylikemymother-in-law.HaveyoubeentotheTowerofLondon?You’vegotsomethinginyoureye.Neveragain.2.Linking-w-:以/u:/结尾的单词，下一单词以元音开头时，加连接音/w/（不是一个完整的音，是从/u:/到元音时必然的嘴型）Theshoeisonthewrongfoot./ʃuːwɪz/eg：WhendoIhavetobethere?Ihaven’tgotaclueatall.Thatglueisreallystrong.Ireallycan’tdoit.3.Linking-j-:以/aɪ//iː//eɪ//ɔɪ/结尾的词+以元音开始的词，加连接音/j/,（不是一个完整的音，是发音时必然的嘴型）Ialwaysdrinkaglassofwater.eg:WhenIgoonholidayIjustwanttolieonthebeach.Theendofthefilmwasbrilliant.Iatethewholecakeinonego.Itwastoohighupformetoreach.冠词“the”的两种发音the+辅音开头的词weak:/ðə/eg:thebus,theman,theriverthe+元音音素开头的词strong:/ðiː/同时以/iː/结尾的词+元音开始的词，加连接音/j/eg:Iprefertheorangeone.Inarestaurant,Ialwaysordertheapplepie.Ithinktheautumnisthebesttimeofyear.TheearlierIgetup,thehappierIam.It’stheoneoverthere.七、插入音“r”Intrusion-r-（部分口音，存在争议）1.law/lɔː/以/ɔː/结尾的词，后面跟元音时可插入一个/r/音连读，/r/的发音不强lawandorder/lɔːrændɔː.dər/eg:Canyoudrawacirclefreehand?Mydoghurtitspawonsomebrokenglass.Therewasaflawintheargument.Isawagoodfilmlastnight.八、孪生音（重叠音）TwinningorGemination1./s/+/s/以/s/结尾+/s/开头，把两个音连在一起，发一个稍长一点的音Helookssad.eg:She’ssilly.He’ssittingoverthere.CanyoucomethisSaturday?That’ssounfai