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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 高中英语语法专题复习-省略句
版面设计:IvanFang课件制作:杨讯贵州省遵义市贵州钢绳中学(二OO五年十二月)资料整理:杨讯贵州省遵义市贵州钢绳中学一、概述在英语中,为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分,这种现象叫省略。如:知识详解Begyoupardon.Soundslikeagoodidea.(I)Begyoupardon.(It)Soundslikeagoodidea..知识详解二、分类详解(一)简单句中的省略1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略;其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如:Thankyouforyourhelp.(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.简单句中的省略Doesn’tmatter.(It)doesn’tmatter.知识详解2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如:(Thereis)Nosmoking.(省略主语和谓语)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?简单句中的省略知识详解3、省略作宾语的不定式短语,只保留to,但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态,则须在之后加上be或have。如:–Areyougoingthere?–Yes,I’dliketo.简单句中的省略Hedidn’tgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto.–Areyouanengineer?–No,butIwantto.–Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet.–Well,heoughtto.(gothere).(givemethechance).behave知识详解4、省略表语。如:–Areyouthirsty?–Yes,Iam.简单句中的省略Hisbrotherisn’tlazy,norishissister.(thirsty).(lazy).5、同时省略几个成分。如:Let’smeetatthesameplaceasyesterday.(wemet)同时省略主、谓语知识详解–Haveyoufinishedyourwork?–Notyet.简单句中的省略Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.(二)复合句中的省略知识详解1、主句中有一些成分被省略,如:Sorrytohearyouareill.主从复合句中的省略Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.–Shemustbebusynow?--Ifso,shecan’tgowithus.–Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?--Iguessnot.(I’m)(It’sa)=heisbusy=hewon’tattendthemeeting知识详解-AreyouleavingforBeijingthisSunday?-Ithinkso.主从复合句中的省略soI’mleavingforBeijingthisSunday.-Tommustbefreetoday.-Ifso.Hecanhelpus.soheisfree.2、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替,如:知识详解-Itisgoingtorain,isn’tit?-Ihopenot.主从复合句中的省略notitisnotgoingtorain.这种用法常见的有:Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.Whynot?等等。知识详解Mybrotherisadoctorandmysister-in-law(is)alawyer.并列中的省略(省略相同的谓语动词)1、两个并列句中,后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。如:Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.(isgetting)(is)省略相同的谓语动词(三)并列句中的省略知识详解其它形式的省略Weallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundthesun.(that)(四)其它形式的省略1、连词的that省略(1)宾语从句中常省略连词that,但当有两个并列的宾语从句时,第二个that则不能省略。Marysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandthatsheis16yearsold.(that)知识详解其它形式的省略(2)在定语从句中,that,which,who在从句中作宾语时可省略。Ihaven’treadthebook(that/which)you’rereading.(that/which)Theman(that/who)yourfatherjusttalkedtoisourEnglishteacher,Mr.Smith.(that/who)2、在以when,while,once引导的时间状语从句及以if,unless引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象,且从句中含有be动词时,从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。2、在以when,while,once引导的时间状语从句及以if,unless引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象,且从句中含有be动词时,从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。2、在以when,while,once引导的时间状语从句及以if,unless引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象,且从句中含有be动词时,从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。Whenaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.知识详解其它形式的省略Whenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.heIfheisfree,Jackwillgowithus.hewasIffree,Jackwillgowithus.heisUnlessinvited,hewon’tcome.知识详解其它形式的省略Unlessheisinvited,hewon’tcome.heWhileheisdoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.heisWhiledoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.heishe知识详解其它形式的省略3、不定式符号to的省略Myfatheroftenasksmetogotothemarketandtobuysomevegetables.(to)(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to.(2)介词but前若有动词do(did,does,done),后面的不定式不带to,否则要带to.Hehadnochoicebuttowait.toHehadnothingtodobutwait.wait前若有do后则无to,前若无do,后必带to知识详解其它形式的省略I’dliketohelp(to)doitforyou.(to)(3)help作“帮助”讲时,后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带。(4)find作“发现”讲时,后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。Theparentsfoundtheirsontostudyveryhard.(to)Wefoundhetobeveryhumorous.tobeHeiskindenoughtohelpmetodosomework.(to)但如果是不定式tobe,则不能省略。但如果是不定式tobe,则不能省略。但如果是不定式tobe,则不能省略。知识详解其它形式的省略(5)一些使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。InoticedamantoentertheclassroomwhenIpassedby.Amanwasnoticedtoentertheclassroom.toX这类使役动词及感官动词主要有这类使役动词及感官动词主要有一“感”:二“听”:三“让”:四“看”:feelhearlistentohavemakeletwatchnoticeobservesee知识详解其它形式的省略Whathecandoistokeepsilent.(to)(6)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。4、在以if引导的非真实条件句中若含有were,had,should时,常可以省略if而将were,had,should置于句。WereIyou,I’dgivetheAIDSpatientahug.WereHadIalotofmoney,I’daidthepoorchildren.HadShouldtherebebird-flu,whatwouldwedo?Should知识详解其它形式的省略Hesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should)5、在含有表示“命令、要求、建议、许可”或“禁止”等意义的名词性从句中使用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气的,should常可以省略。如:Hissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should)Theorderthatweshouldstaywhereweareisveryseriousandsevere.(should)It’sveryimportantthatstudentsshouldstudyhardatschool.(should)高考真题1.—Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?—_______,please.(NMET2005,全国卷II,12)A.NomoreB.JustalittleC.I’vehadenoughD.Yes,Iwould2.—It’lltakeatleast2hourstodothis!—Oh,_______!Icoulddoitin30minutes.(NMET2005,上海39)A.comeonB.pardonmeC.yourarerightD.don’tmentionit高考真题3.—Howaboutputtingsomepicturesintothereport?—_______Apictureisworthathousandwords.(NMET2005,江苏,24)A.Noway.B.Whynot?C.Allright?D.Nomatter.4.When____help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”or“It’skindofyou.”(NMET2005,福建,33)A.offeringB.toofferC.tobeofferedD.offered高考真题5.—Whydidn’tyoubuythecamerayouhadlongedfor?—Iplanedto,butIwas£50____.(NMET2005,福建,34)A.fewerB.lessC.cheapD.short6.—Wouldyoumindmycomingoverandhavingalookatyournewgarden?Mylittleson’scuriousaboutthoserosesyougrow.”—______.You’rewelcome.(NMET2005,湖北,25)A.Yes,IdoB.NevermindC.Yes,pleaseD.Notatall高考真题7.Tom:Mike,ourteamwillplayagainsttheRocketsthisweekend.I’ms
本文标题:高中英语语法专题复习-省略句
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