初中非谓语动词讲解和练习

一、非谓语动词的定义及其形式1.在句中充当除谓语以外的句成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。它不受人称和数的限制。2.非谓语动词的形式doingtodo省(to)dodone观察下句：Ienjoymusic.IpracticedspeakingEnglish.Ienjoylosingmyface.Iwantwater.Iwanttodrinkwater.二、动名词和不定式作宾语1.只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有：enjoy,finish,practice,mind,spend等。enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事practicedoingsth.练习做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事spend…doingsth.花费…...做某事简单快乐记忆口诀：喜欢完成练习，介意花费。2.只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词。在现行初中英语课本中动词有：decide,want,wouldlike,plan,beused,refuse,help等。decidetodosth.决定做某事want/wouldliketodosth.想要做某事plantodosth.计划做某事beusedtodosth.被用来做某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事helptodosth.帮忙做某事简单快乐记忆口诀：决定想要做计划，被人拒绝不帮忙。Heagreedtogetsomeonetohelpus.他同意找人来帮我们的忙。Mr.Whitewishtospeaktoyou.怀特先生想要跟你讲话。3.既能跟动不定式也能跟动名词形式作宾语的动有：like,love,begin,start,hate。其意义区别不大，todo表示偶尔做的，doing表示一直喜欢做的。TomorrowIstarttowork（working）.明天我开始工作。Doyouliketoplay（playing）football？你爱踢足球吗？组合的情况一般用todo（动词不定式）作宾语：①wouldlike/love后，表示特定动作时。Wouldyouliketoleaveamessage？你要不要留个话儿？②当谓语已经用了进行时态时。It’sbeginningtorain.天开始下雨了。③在begin后非限定动词由某些状态动词构成时。Webegantothinkofthisquestion.我们开始考虑这个问题。Shebegantobelievehisstory.她开始相信他的故事。4．动名词和动词不定式作宾语时意思不同的动词。(1)remember,forget,stop,goon,regret等动词后跟动名作宾时，表动名的动作发生在谓动动作之前；跟动词不定式作宾时，表示动词不定式的动作发生在谓动动作之后。试比较下面的句子：Iremembertellingyouaboutitonce.这事我记得曾和你谈过一次。Youmustremembertowritetouswhenyougetthere.到那里时，千万别忘了给我们写信。Goonreadingthetext.继续读课文。Afterhefinishedthecomposition,hewentontodohishomework.他写完作文后接着做作业。Shestoppedspeaking.她停止讲话。HestoppedtospeaktoMartin.他停下来和马丁说话。(2)try和mean跟动名词和动词不定式作宾语时，意思上差别很大。a．try跟动名作宾语时是“试着做某事”的意思；而跟动词不定式作宾语时是“设法做某事”的意思。试比较下面句子：Shetriedwritingacomposition.她试着写作文。Shetriedtogetyouonthephone.她设法打电话找你。b．mean跟动名词作宾语时是“意思是、意味着”的意思；而跟动词不定式时是“企图、打算”的意思。试比较下面句子：Thismeanswastingmuchmoney.这意味着浪费很多钱。Imeanttocallonyou.ButIwassobusy.我是想来看望你的，但我太忙了。remembertodosomething记着去做某事（现在还没有做）rememberdoingsomething记着曾做过某事（以前做过某事）forgettodosomething忘记去做某事（现在还没有做）forgetdoingsomething忘记曾做过某事（以前做过某事）stoptodosomething开始做某事（停下正在做的事，开始做另一事）stopdoingsomething停止做某事（停止正在做的事）trytodosomething努力、尽力做某事trydoingsomething试着做某事（看能否达到预期的结果）regrettodosomething对将来做的事感到遗憾、惋惜regretdoingsomething对已经做过的事感到后悔meantodosomething打算,想，意图…meandoingsomething意味着三、动名词和不定式作宾语的区别动名词作宾的特点是正在做某事，强调同时发生；不定式作宾是要去做某事，强调的是即将发生。常用必背（1）常用doing形式作宾语的动词和词组有advise建议allow允许miss错过resist抵抗mind介意feellike想要enjoy喜欢finish完成keep保持putoff推迟feellike想要giveup放弃keepon持续allow允许practice练习imagine想象consider考虑can’thelp禁不住lookforwardto盼望suggest建议spend花费（2）常用todo作宾语的动词有ask要求wish希望offer提供decide决定help帮助learn学会agree同意refuse拒绝hope希望want想要expect期望promise答应plan计划afford承担起prepare准备manage成功arrange安排help帮助【注】此to非彼to,试比较：lookforwardtodoingsth.payattentiontodoingsthbeusedtodoingsth.【例题精讲DB】1.—Doyoustillrememberme,Lingling?—Yes,ofcourse.Iremembered_____youinJUSCOlastyear.A.seeB.seesC.toseeD.seeing“Doyoustillrememberme?”以及”lastyear”。2.Myfatherhasdecided______becausesmokingisbadforhishealth.A.tostoptosmokeB.tostopsmokingC.stoppingsmokingD.stoptosmoke拓展·延伸：分析其结构Lucyinvitedmetoattendherbirthdayparty.MymotherallowsmetowatchTVonweekend.可以用带to的不定式作宾补的动词常用的有ask,tell,order,invite,allow,wish,want,encourage,advise,warn等。e.g.I’llgetafriendtohelpyou.我将交个朋友帮你的忙。Themanwarnedthechildrennottoplayfootballinthestreet.那个人提醒孩子们不要在街上踢足球。Ioftenhearhersingintheclassroom.我经常听见她在教室里唱歌。【注】省略to的不定式。常见的结构有：seesb.dosth.hearsb.dosth.letsb.dosth.makesb.dosth.动名词表示正在做，而不定式表示要去做，但是现在还没做。一、单项选择。1.—Pleaseremember______thelightswhenyouleavetheroom.—OK,Iwill.A.turnoffB.toturnoffC.turningoff2.Theboyislookingforwardtoagoodtimeaftertheexam.A.tohaveB.hasC.havingD.have3.James,I’mtootired.Let’sstop____arest.A.havingB.haveC.tohavingD.tohave4.Jacktookaninterestin_____ping-pongsoonafterhecametoChina.A.playingB.playsC.playD.played5.—Don’tforget_____yourhistoryandpoliticsbookstomorrowmorning.—Thanks.Iwon’t.A.bringB.tobringC.bringing6.—Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?—Ioftenpractice____English.A.speakB.tospeakC.speaking7.Remember________thebooktothelibrarywhenyoufinish_______it.A.toreturn;toreadB.returning;readingC.toreturn;readingC.returning;toread8.MayIhavearest?Ihavealreadyfinished______thereport.A.writeB.writingC.towriteD.written9.Whilewewererunningontheplayground,Jacksuddenlystoppedandlayontheground,soweallstoppedwhatwaswrongwithhim.A.torun;toseeB.running;seeingC.running;tosee10.Whatbadweatheritwas!Wedecided_______.A.togooutB.nottogooutC.tonotgooutD.notgoingout二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.OnJune1st,parentsusuallyspendmoneyin__________（buy）picturebooksfortheirchildrenaspresents.2.Ifyousetyourmind__________（do）it,you’llbesuccessfulintheend.3.Mr.Smithaskedus________（wear）oldclothestoschoolthenextday.4.Jimdecided_________（leave）PollytoLinFengwhenhewasbacktoEngland.5.Wouldyoulike_________（buy）abottleoforangeforme?6.Ifyouaretired,youcanstop_________（have）arest.7.Hefounditnoteasy_________（do）itwell.8.Idon’tfeellike________（have）medicineeventhoughIamill.