英语语法PPT之限定词Determiners

Let’swarmup!GOODMORNING!Conversationisthemostsociableofallhumanactivities.Anditisanactivityonlyofhumans.Howeverintricatethewaysinwhichanimalscommunicatewitheachother,theydonotindulgeinanythingthatdeservesthenameofconversation.Thecharmofconversationisthatitdoesnotreallystartfromanywhere,andnoonehasanyideawhereitwillgoasitmeandersorleapsandsparklesorjustglows.Theenemyofgoodconversationisthepersonwhohassomethingtosay.Conversationisnotformakingapoint.Argumentmayoftenbeapartofit,butthepurposeoftheargumentisnottoconvince.Conversationisthemostsociableofallhumanactivities.Anditisanactivityonlyofhumans.Howeverintricatethewaysinwhichanimalscommunicatewitheachother,theydonotindulgeinanythingthatdeservesthenameofconversation.人类的一切活动中，只有闲谈最宜于增进友谊，而且是人类特有的一种活动。动物之间的信息交流，不论其方式何等复杂，也是称不上交谈的。Thecharmofconversationisthatitdoesnotreallystartfromanywhere,andnoonehasanyideawhereitwillgoasitmeandersorleapsandsparklesorjustglows.Theenemyofgoodconversationisthepersonwhohassomethingtosay.Conversationisnotformakingapoint.Argumentmayoftenbeapartofit,butthepurposeoftheargumentisnottoconvince.闲谈的引人人胜之处就在于它没有一个事先定好的话题。它时而迂回流淌，时而奔腾起伏，时而火花四射，时而热情洋溢，话题最终会扯到什么地方去谁也说不准。要是有人觉得“有些话要说”，那定会大煞风景，使闲聊无趣。闲聊不是为了进行争论。闲聊中常常会有争论，不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。Conversationis_________sociableof___humanactivities.Anditis__activityonlyof___humans.Howeverintricate___waysinwhich___animalscommunicatewitheachother,theydonotindulgeinanythingthatdeserves___nameof___conversation.____charmofconversationisthatitdoesnotreallystartfromanywhere,andnoonehas____ideawhereitwillgoasitmeandersorleapsandsparklesorjustglows.____enemyofgoodconversationis___personwhohassomethingtosay.Conversationisnotformaking___point.Argumentmayoftenbeapartofit,butthepurposeof___argumentisnottoconvince.themostallanthetheTheanyThetheathe限定词DeterminersIntroduction:Wordsthatprecedeanypremodifyingadjectivesinanounphraseanddenotesuchreferentialmeaningsasspecificreference,genericreference,definitequantityorindefinitequantityarereferredasdeterminers.限定词是指在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一类词。Determinersinclude:definitearticle—thearticles（冠词）indefinitearticle—a/anzeroarticlepossessivepronouns（形容词性物主代词）—my,your,hisgenitivenouns（名词属格）—John’s,myfriend’sdemonstrativepronouns（指示代词）—this,that,these,thoseindefinitedeterminers（不定代词）—every,enough,no,some,any,eachcardinalnumerals（基数词）—one,twoordinalnumerals（序数词）—first,secondfractional&multiplicativenumerals（分数和倍数）—one-third,twiceotherquantifiers—what,which,whoseCollocationsbetweendeterminersandnouns限定词与单、复数可数名词或不可数名词的搭配1.Doyouhaveenoughair-conditionerforcoolingtheroomsinsummer?2.Themodelworkerhastheleastthoughtsofhisowninterests.3.Theremustbefeweremptytalkbutmorehardwork.4.Don’tworry.There’sagreatnumberoftimeleft.5.Alittlecarewouldhavepreventedtheaccident.6.Thestudentsspenthalftheirtimeworkinginthefields.7.Therearewarehousesoneithersidesoftheriver.8.Youhavedoneabitofgoodjob.Collocationbetweendeterminers限定词与限定词之间的搭配1.four/the/allteachersallthefourteachers2.those/few/lastmonthsthoselastfewmonths3.these/all/last/fewdaysalltheselastfewdays4.first/his/twobookshisfirsttwobooks5.her/halflecturehalfherlecture根据在名词前不同的搭配位置，限定词可分为：1.前位限定词(pre-determiners)2.中位限定词(centraldeterminers)3.后位限定词(post-determiners)前位词中位词后位词•all,both,half,etc.•double,twice,threetimes,etc.•one-third,twothirds,etc.•a,an,the•this,that,these,those•my,your,etc.•John’s,theboy’s,etc.•some,any,no,either,neither,every,each,etc.•what(ever),which(ever),whose•one,two,etc.•first,second,etc.•last,next•other,another•many,much,little,few,several,more,less,least,fewer,fewest,such,etc.如果一个名词词组带有上述三类或两类限定词，其搭配关系总是按照“前—中—后”的顺序排列。但不能同时用两个前位词或中位词，而两个后位词可同时连用。如：*histhatbook*allhalftheworkerstwomorecopiesthreeothergirlsnextfewweeks个别限定词可跨类，如such即可用作前位词，又可归入后位词。在sucha/an…的搭配中它属于前位词，而在与some,any,no,all,few,another,other,many,one,two等限定词搭配时，则是后位词，如:somesuchkindnosuchpersononesuchbook1.HisbothbrothersareinBeijing.2.Mythatdictionarywasboughtlastyear.3.Thatone-thirdmeatistainted.4.Suchfewcaseshavebeenreported.5.Manyhisfriendsoftenspeakhighlyofhim.6.IwishIhadhistwicestrength.7.Hewasonleavethefewlastdays.8.Therearemoreseveralbooksonthatdesk.9.Thepeoplewillfighttheenemytoeverylastdropoftheirblood.10.Histhatthirdbrotherissuchaspitfire.Ex.6E1.Howmuchworkhaveyoudonethismorning?2.Todigatunnelwillneedagreatamountoflabor.3.He’sdonetheleastwork.4.Thereareseveralmethodsofapproachingthisproblem.5.IknowlittleFrench.6.Theremustbelessemptytalkbutmorepracticalwork.7.Weretheremanypeopleattheperception?8.MayIhaveafewwordswithyou?9.Therewerefewerpeopletodayattheexhibitionthanyesterday.10.Harrymadethefewestmistakes.11.You’velearntmorepoetryanddonemoreexercisesthanIhave.12.Jack’sdonethemostworkandmadethemostmistakes.13.He’sdonealotofworkandmadealotofmistakes.14.Amillionairehaslotsofmoney–andlotsofworries.15.Annahasenoughworriesbecauseshehasn’tgotenoughmoney.16.Thetelephonerangeveryfewminutes.17.Wehavebeenpersistinginmakingtheexperimentalltheselastfewcolddays.18.BothhisnextbooksonEnglishlinguisticswillcomeoutin2011.19.Soonwelearnedthatweh