基于ZigBee技术的无线传感器系统设计

东北农业大学学士学位论文学号：A07070389基于ZigBee技术的无线传感器系统设计学生姓名：袁顺刚指导教师：董守田所在院系：工程学院电气工程系所学专业：农业电气化与自动化研究方向：自动控制东北农业大学中国·哈尔滨2011年6月NortheastAgriculturalUniversityBachelor'sDegreeThesisID:A07070389BasedonZigBeeWirelessSensorSystemDesignTechnologyName:YuanShungangTutor:DongShoutianDepartment:EngineeringCollegeElectricalEngineeringMajor:AgriculturalElectrificationandAutomationDirection:AutomaticControlNortheastAgriculturalUniversityHarbin·ChinaJune2011基于Zigbee技术的无线传感器系统设计-I-摘要无线传感网络是当前国际上备受关注的、由多门学科高度交叉综合的新兴前沿热点研究领域，是21世纪产生巨大影响力的技术之一。它将传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、现代网络及无线通信技术整合在一起，具有采集信息，发送并处理信息等功能。随着电子技术的发展，无线传感器网络进入快速发展时期。然而，无线网络技术在工业监控、农业自动化、智能建筑、生物医疗、环境检测、智能家居等应用领域刚刚起步，这些领域对数据吞吐量的要求都很低，而且功率消耗也比现有标准所提供的功率消耗低。为了促使简捷方便的、可以随意使用的无线装置大量出现，需要在这些应用领域空间布置大量的无线接入点，因此低廉的价格将起到关键性作用。ZigBee协议标准作为一种新的无线连接技术在低成本、低功耗、网络容量大和低速率领域开辟了新的天地。ZigBee技术具有功耗低、成本低、时延短、网络容量大及组网能力强等优点。目前在国外，ZigBee网络技术已经得到一定的应用。本文所研究的内容对基十ZigBee技术无线传感器网络的应用具有一定的参考价值和实际意义，并为ZigBee无线技术在应用领域方面的应用提供了相关的软硬件基础平台。关键词:无线传感网络，ZigBee基于Zigbee技术的无线传感器系统设计-II-AbstractWirelesssensornetworkistheconcernoncurrentinternationalmulti-disciplineheightbyoverlappingcomprehensiveemergingfrontierhotresearchfieldinthe21stcentury,isoneofthetechnologyexertsanenormousinfluence.Itwillsensortechnology,embeddedcomputingtechnology,modernInternetandwirelesscommunicationtechnologywithtogether,gatheringinformation,sendandprocessinformation,andotherfunctions.Withthedevelopmentofelectronictechnology,awirelesssensornetworkintoafastdevelopmentperiod.However,wirelessnetworktechnologyinindustrialmonitoring,agriculturalautomation,intelligentbuilding,biologicalandmedicaltreatment,environmentdetects,intelligenthouseholdapplicationsjuststart,suchasdatathroughputofthesefieldsareverylow,therequirementsandpowerconsumptionthanexistingstandardsprovidedbythelowpowerconsumption.Tourgeforthrightconvenient,arefreetousewirelessdevice,needalargepresenceintheseapplicationsspacetodecoratealotofwirelessaccesspoints,solowpriceswillplayapivotalrole.ZigBeeprotocolstandardsasanewwirelessconnectiontechniqueinlowcost,lowpowerconsumption,networkcapacityandlowspeedfieldsopenedanewheavenandearth.ZigBeetechnologywithlowpowerconsumption,lowcost,short,networkcapacitytodelayandnetworkingability,etc.Currentlyinabroad,ZigBeenetworktechnologyhasbeencertainapplications.TheresultoftheresearchofthebasetenZigBeewirelesssensornetworktechnologyapplicationtohavethecertainreferencevalueandpracticalsignificanceforZigBeewirelesstechnology,andtheapplicationfieldsontheapplicationofthehardwareandsoftwaretoprovidetherelevantbasicplatform.Keywords:wirelesssensornetwork,ZigBee基于Zigbee技术的无线传感器系统设计-III-目录摘要.............................................................................................................................................IAbstract......................................................................................................................................II1绪论.........................................................................................................................................11.1无线传感器网络简介.............................................................................................................11.1.1无线传感器网络发展史..................................................................................................11.1.2无线传感器网络特点......................................................................................................11.2几种无线通信技术.................................................................................................................21.3ZigBee技术............................................................................................................................31.3.1ZigBee技术的发展史.....................................................................................................31.3.2ZigBee技术特点.............................................................................................................41.3.3zigbee网络系体结构简介...............................................................................................41.4论文的研究内容.....................................................................................................................52ZigBee协议的分析与实现....................................................................................................62.1物理层分析与实现.................................................................................................................62.1.1ZigBee的工作频率范围.................................................................................................72.1.2物理层数据单元结构......................................................................................................72.2MAC层分析与实现...............................................................................................................72.2.1MAC层访问机制............................................................................................................82.2.2MAC层帧及其结构......................................................................................................102.2.3MAC层信道扫描....................................