乒乓球...研究及步法垫测试系统的研制与实验

北京体育大学博士学位论文乒乓球正手快攻、弧圈球技术的生物力学研究及步法垫测试系统的研制与实验姓名：肖丹丹申请学位级别：博士专业：体育教育训练学指导教师：苏丕仁200606011QUALISYSKISTLER10111234562AbstractTableTennisisapreponderantsportandimportantOlympicsportinChina.Theattackandloopdrivetechniquesofthepositivehandaremostimportantamongallthetechniques.TableTennisfootworkhasanimportanteffectontheresultofthematch.Ithasanimportantsignificanceforustoresearchontheattack,loopdriveandfootworkoftabletennistechniques,inkeepingaheadanddevelopingChineseOlympicstratagem.10excellentping-pongathletes’attackandloopdrivetechniquesofthepositivehandweretested,usingthemeasurementmethodsoftheQUALISYSkinematicsmeasurementssystemandtheKISTLERforce-platesystem.Eachtechniquewasperformedbytwotpesofforce,themiddlestrengthandthefullstrength.Asetoftabletennisfootworkmattestsystemwassucceededtobeproduced.Thetabletennisathlete’sfootworkofoneplayerinmatchwastestedbyusingthetabletennisfootworkmattestsystem.Themainconclusionswerefollowings:(1)Racket'stouchingaballwasnotatthemomentthebiggestspeedofflickingracket.Moreover,itwasmostlyafterthebiggestspeedofflickingracket.(2)Attheleadingandflickingracketstage,thesequenceofthebiggestspeedoneachjointofarmswasnotthesame.Inaddition,thedifferenceamongtechniques,individualswasratherbig.(3)Thedifferenceofforcecharactersbetweentheattackandloopdrivetechniquewasthatthegroundreactionforce(GRF)ofloopdrivetechniquewasbiggerthanattacktechniqueinperpendicularandleveldirection,whichsuggestedthattheforeinperpendicularandleveldirectionshouldbestrengthenedwhenperformingloopdrivetechnique.(4)ThedifferenceofforcecharactersbetweenthetwoforcemethodsofperformingattacktechniquewasthattheGRFoffullstrengthwasbiggerthanmiddlestrengthinperpendicularandfrontaldirection,whichsuggestedthattheforeinperpendicularandlevelfrontalshouldbestrengthenedwhenperformingtheattack3techniqueofthefullstrength.(5)ThedifferenceofforcecharactersbetweenthetwoforcemethodsofperformingloopdrivetechniquewasthattheGRFoffullstrengthwasbiggerthanthemiddlestrengthinthreedirections,whichsuggestedthattheforeshouldbeaddedwhenperformingtheloopdrivetechniqueofthefullstrength.(6)Thetabletennisfootworkmattestsystemcouldbeusedtotestthefootworkintabletennismatch.Thekinematicparametersofthefootworkcouldbeacquired,includingthetimeindexoffootwork(thestandandemptytimeoftwofeet,andsinglefoot,thenumberofstandandempty),thespaceindex(thescope,rangeofthefootworkambulation),andtheindexofthespeedandfrequencyoffootworkambulation,etc.Keywords:tabletennis;attacktechniqueofthepositivehand,theloopdrivetechnique,kinetics;GroundReflectionForce;tabletennisfootworkpadtestsystem;tabletennisfootwork414QUALISYSKISTLER52320086()311.1[1]1995[2]2002[3]1996[4]20037ADAMS[5][6]1986[7][8][11]1.2[9]19847000/s25m/s[11]19930.72753s1005s714s100[9]0056.016.3±19.005.1±1.318232[9]2.12.1.1[12][13][14]2.1.2[5]9[15]199490160/s11T1160/s[9]2.1.3[16]20032.1.4mv[12][14]F=ma[9][12][13][14][8]2.1.5102.22.2.1100150/s50/s[17][18]PD-1[9]PD-1145.3/s151.3/s85.8/s73.4/s69/s129.6/s136.8/s65.9/s51.7/s148.6/s155.0/s75.0/s74.3/s[9]3.92mm107.4/s3.05mm99.2/s(P0.01)3.32mm99.1/s2.8mm86.2/s(P0.01)[9]113m42.22m/s[17]1025m/s[9]2.2.2[10]1993100[19]198885.967.4[20]1.3m1m0.3m1m1.3m5.8m1m5.1m0.3m4.3m4.9m4m3.64m2.312PD-1123[12][13][14]3.13.1.1[21]1991[22]1997[23]1989[24]19911992[25]45502030cm4513[26]19973.1.23.1.2.123[27]1981[28]1987EPL100/sCP2000P3000[19][29]199541.125s2.763s14[30]19958.547m/s8.337m/s17.43m/s13.335m/s(),,2001[31],,:,,,,,,,[32]2000MotionAnalysisSystem[33]200415[34]20043.1.2.2[35]1992Biodex[36]199510520107908012010120156100901254953.2163.2.1[37][38]200112343.2.2[39]1986SMC70GP33155145115[39]19844NobuoYuza[39]199243.0m22.1m22.3m26.6m2[39][40]43173.3122103455.1185.1.1Kane337Kane5.1.21195.1.2.15.1.2.245.1.2.3205.1.2.45.2123456785.321614QUALISYSKISTLER232211.110111111mKg10202113821.770.066712821.21QUALISYSMCU50062KISTLER29281AA9281AA31PanasonicM950041.36QUALISYSKISTLER1PanasonicM950011111223111112NO.1NO.2NO.3NO.4NO.5NO.6241.3.1QUALISYS-MCU5006100/s5s1PanasonicM9500QUALISYSMCU500QUALISYS50/s1.3.2KISTLER0.6m0.4m0.24m250cm1,000HZ5s1.41.4.1QUALISYS610s1,00063m0.8m50/s251.4.2112171111121.4.30.24m25s312261.5QUALISYS1045s17100/s340,000104404031,000/s5s600,000331.5.1QUALISYSQTrcExcelOrigin8Hz1QUALISYSQUALISYSQUALISYS100/s50/s0.02s2113271131.5.2KISTLERMicrosoftExcel1.5.35sQTrc1,000/sQUALISYS100/s0.01s281.5.4MicrosoftExcelOriginT2922.12.1.1151101151201251301351401451150110011501200125013001350140014501Fz2Fy2Fx21211Ann=1,2,30BnCnDnAn+102AnBnBnCnCnDnDnAn+1B2C2D2A3AB1C1D1A2B3C3D3305s12154AnBnCnDnAn+1AnAn+1BnBn+1CnCn+1DnDn+10121QUALYSIS32.1.2AnAn+15AnBnCnDnAn+154AnBnBnCnCnDnDnAn+131Dn1Bn10smsmm/mm/ssN10T32.22.2.12.2.1.12.2.1.1.11223AaABDa000321222.2.1.1.21211.580.26m/s0.880.58m/s0.960.42m/s0.810.49m/s45.140.25m/s9.001.73m/s10.911.13m/s13.280.51m/sT121122020004000600080001000012000050100150200ms(mm/s)ABCDa0100020003000400050006000050100ms(mm/s)ABCDa020004000600080001000012000050100ms(mm/s)ABCDa0200040006000800010000120001400016000050100150200ms(mm/s)ABCDa33121n=10m/sMSDMSDMSDMSDA2.910.613.601.152.250.822.16