Unit-4--Astronomy-Using-language

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsUsinglanguageReadingAVISITTOTHEMOONspacewalkChina’sfirstastronaut---YangLiwei1.Thepassageismainlyabout____?A.introductionofthemoonB.thegravitythatIfeltonmywaytothemoonC.myvisittothemoonD.myfriendYanping,anastronomerReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.C2.Accordingtothetext,weknowthattheforceofthegravitywouldchange_____times.A.2B.3C.4D.53.Whendidtheauthorfeelstrongestofthegravityoftheearth?A.Onthemoon.B.Onthehalfwaytothemoon.C.AttheverybeginningD.OntheirleavingfromthemoonCB4.Whatcausesthewritertofeelthathebecomesweightlessonthemoon?A.SpaceshipB.GravityC.HisfriendD.HisGoodfeelingsofthemoonB5.Fromthetextwecanknowifamangrowsuponthemoon,___.A.hewillgrowtallerthanontheearthB.hewillgrowshorterthanontheearthC.hewillbecomefatterD.hewillbecomeweightlessALanguagepoints1.LastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachancetomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.上个月我有幸得到一个机会同我的朋友,一位宇航员李彦平一道去太空旅行。enough:1)用作代词:作主语或宾语。Youhavedonemorethanenough.你已做得够多了。Ihavehadenough.Thankyou.我吃的已经够多的了,谢谢。2)形容词作定语:enough用在名词前、后都可以。Ihaveenoughtimetodothework./Ihavetimeenoughtodothework.我有足够的时间做此项工作。3)用作副词修饰形容词或副词表示程度:enough一般放在形容词或副词的后边。longenough,easyenough,fastenough,quicklyenough等,但一般不说:enoughlong,enougheasy,enoughfast,enoughquickly.Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.这孩子到上学的年龄了。Hecouldn’trunquicklyenoughtocatchupwiththecat.他跑的速度太慢,追不上猫。4)用作副词修饰动词时也需放在动词之后。Themeatisnotcookedenough.肉炖得不够熟。IfIhad_____________________________________________________(足够长的假期),I’dvisitEurope,stoppingatallthesmallinterestingplaces.alongenoughholiday/anenoughlongholiday2.Thenwewereoff.随后我们就启程了。beoff=setoff出发;动身Iamofftoday.我今天不用上班。Weareofftoday.今天我们不上班/今天我们不开张。shutoff关闭getoff下车takeoff脱下turnoff关闭payoff付清;还清与off相关的短语:set...off送行kickoff踢球jumpoff跳下giveoff散发showoff炫耀getcloseto靠近,接近,指动态变化becloseto距……近,指状态Theschoolisclosetothepostoffice.3.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingusbutitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearth’s.当我们更接近月球时,就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是,月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。与get相关的短语:getalong相处融洽,进展等getdownto开始认真对待,开始认真考虑geton上车getthrough到达;通过;办完,花光(钱、时间等)。getto到达getdownto;geton;getthrough;getto;getover;getup1.Don’ttalktoomuch.Let’s___________working.2.Hurryup,orwe’llbelateto______thebus.3.It’seasyto_______thedifficulty.4.Ihave___________alotofpapers.5.Shemanagedto______thevillage.getdowntogetongetovergotthroughgetto4.cheerup:欢呼,喝彩,感到高兴,使高兴当看到球队的到来,人群欢呼起来。_____________________whentheysawtheteamarrive.他带她去听音乐会来使她高兴。Hetookher_____________to____________.Thecrowdcheereduptotheconcertcheerherup5.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.1)“A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”.Thistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone.Hisfatheristwiceasoldashe.2)“A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B”TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.长江差不多比珠江长两倍。Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolisthreetimeslargerthanthatintheirs.我们学校的学生数量比他们学校的多三倍。3)“A+be+倍数+the+名词(size,length,amount)+of+B”Thenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。—Doyouregret_______(pay)100dollarsforthepainting?—No,Iwouldgladlyhavepaid_____________(两倍那么多了)forit.payingtwiceasmuch讲解:regret后跟动名词的一般式、完成式和不定式的完成式都表示对过去做过的事情感到后悔，跟不定式一般式表示对即将做的事情感到遗憾,常用来表达委婉。twiceasmuch为倍数的表达法,在这里为省略形式,相当于twiceasmuchasthat。6....“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”……既然引力改变了,走路也的确需要练一练了。nowthat同since相似,语气较弱,强调人们已知的事实。既然你忙,就让我给你做吧。Nowthatyouarebusy,letmedoitforyou.既然人都齐了,咱们开始干吧。Nowthateveryoneisherelet’sstartwork．7.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.1)watch…do/doing:观看,注视我们看着太阳正在树后面落下。We_____________________behindthetrees.每一天当他们看到植物生长,他们的心里都充满了希望。Everydayasthey_______________________,theirheartsfilledwithhope.watchedthesunsettingwatchedtheplantgrow2)amazed是过去分词,此处做状语用。他进来的时候没有人注意到。Hecamein_________.3)breakout与happen,takeplace,comeout等词的用法一样,是不及物动词,不能带宾语,不能用于被动语态。①战争爆发TheAmericanCivilWarbrokeoutin1861.美国内战爆发于1861年。unnoticed②发生争吵他们之间发生了争吵。Aquarrelbrokeoutbetweenthem.③(火灾)发生昨晚他家里失火了。Afirebrokeoutinhishouselastnight.breakdown打破;毁掉;破除;坍塌;坏掉breakin破门而入;打断breakawayfrom脱离政党;打破陈规breakthrough突围;突破;冲垮;克服breakup打碎;拆散;分裂;分解breakone’sword/promise食言;说话不算数So,lifeisdifferentonaspaceship.Thereislittlegravitysothatthingsfloataround.Ifyouplannedtotraveltothemoon,whatmatterswouldyoumeetwith?SpeakingandwritingProblemsHowtocoolyouHowtobreatheHowtoeatanddrinkHowtoprotectyourskinHowtostopflyingoffthemoon’ssurfaceSpacesuitsSpaceFoodSpaceBuggy登月车SpaceCameraMakealistofyourideasandtakepartinaclassdiscussiontofindthebestones.Usethesewordsandexpressionstohelpyou.Pleasepayattentionto....Pleasecheckthat....Youneed....Don’tforgetto....Makesurethat....Watchoutfor....You’dbetter....Youmust/mustn’t....Pleaselookat....Sample:S1:Let’sthinkaboutwhatwewouldneedtoprotectourskinifwevisitedtheMoon.S2:I’dtakesomeskincream.Thatworksverywellwhenwegotothesea.S3:Yes,butit’sgoingtobemuchtoohottoputcreamonyourskinontheMoon.S4:What’smoreyougetdirectheatfromthesun.TherearenocloudsontheMoontoprotectyou.S3:Ohdear,andIalsohavetocarryoxygenaroundwithmeeverywherebecausethere