中国人价值观研究的现状及发展趋势-金盛华

()20033(177)X金盛华1,辛志勇2(1.天津师范大学心理与行为研究中心,天津　300074、北京师范大学心理学院,北京　100875;2.山西大学教育科学学院,太原　030006):心理学领域中国人价值观研究的现状和发展趋势在几个方面特征明显。首先,在价值观的理解上,研究者倾向于采用借鉴西方和吸收哲学界定义两种方法,没有形成心理学领域共同认同的界定;第二,在研究取向方面,与社会层面和个体层面的价值观研究相比,文化层面的价值观研究占主流地位且影响较大;第三,在研究方法的选择上,除理论研究外,实证研究主要以问卷法为主,研究对象多取自青年群体尤其是大学生和中学生群体,研究地区也多局限在几个主要的大城市,并且,共时性现状研究明显多于历时性的追踪研究;第四,在研究内容方面,综合性研究要多于某单一价值观纵深探讨;最后,中国人价值观研究的进一步走向将是建立概念共识、强调方法的多元化和历时性追踪研究,并重视探讨价值观和行为的关系及价值观教育问题。:价值;价值观;价值取向;中国人价值观:G40　:A　:1002-0209(2003)03-0056-09,2030[1],(G.W.Allport)(P.E.Vernon)(E.Spranger)(),2050,(ClydeKluckhohn),2070,(Rokeach),,,,[2]2080,(ShalomH.Schwartz),[3],,,,56X:2002-04-08:(1958-),,,,::2000jdxmxlx003(,1996)[4],,,(Bond,M.N.1986,1996)[5],,,,(,1998)[6],,(,1999)[7],()(1),:,;,,;,,,(,1995)[8],,(2),,(1951),,,(1951),,,,,(1998),,(1994):,,,[9],,,:1),,;2),;3),;4),,,,,,(3)(1993),57,,[10],,,(affection),(cognition)(direction)[11],,(),,,,;,,,;,,1.,,,(1)1947,,,,,,,,,,,,[12],(1991):,,[13](2),,,,,,,,,(1992),,(individualorientation),,,58(socialorientation),,,,[14](1991),,,,,,[15](1963),,,;,,,;,,,,[16](3),?(1993),,,,,:1):;2):;3):();()4):();(),(1992),(powercomplex)(4),(1983):,,,,;,;,59,,,,,[17](5)(2001),,()(1840)(1949)(19491978)20(1978),:,(6),,(Hofstede,1980),,,(),(1988)(Shen,Valentina.S,1995)(Canfield),,,,,[18],,,,,,,80,,,,,(,1987)2.1953,,530,[19]1972-199320,[20],1981960198040199043-,[21],,,1988-19904357,,:;;[22]199410,,1997(2000)[23](2000)[24]3.,,,,,,,1993,,,,,,(,2000;,,2002)[25][26],(),,,(),61,2090,,45%,,,32%,17%,8%7%,(),,,,70%,,(),:,,,,,,(,1993;,1993;,1993),,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,:1.,,,,,,(1951)2.,,,,62,3.,,,,,,4.(1994)[27],,,,,5.(),,,,6.,,,,,,,(valuesclarification)(valuesanalysis)(circletime)(justcommunity),:[1],,.[M].:,1999.[2]J.P.Robinson&P.R.Shaver,.[M].:,1998.[3]S.H.Schwartz.[J].,.,1998,(3).[4].[J].,1996,(1).[5]M.H.Bond,ThehandbookofChinesepsychology,HongKong:OxfordUniversityPress,1996.[6].[J].,1998,(2).[7].:[J].,1999,(4).[8],.[M].:,1997.[9],.[M].:,1994.[10].[M].:,1993.[11],.[M].:,1974.[12].[M].:,1985.[13],.[C].:,1995.63[14].[M].:,1993.[15],.[M].:,1992.[16].[M].,.:,1990.[17].[M].:,1994.[18]V.S.Shen,AcomparisonofthepersonalvaluesofChineseandAmericans.DissertationAbstracts-International:-Section-B:-The-Sciences-and-Engineering.1995Nov;Vol.56(5-B).[19].[M].,.:,1988.[20].[J].,1995,(4).[21].:[M].:,2000.[22].[M].:,1993.[23],.[C].:,2000.[24],,.[M].:,2001.[25]LiweiZHANG.LifesatisfactioninChinesepeople:thecontributionofcollectiveself-esteem.,2000.[26].[D].,2000.[27]M.H.Bond,Chinesevaluesandhealth:Acultural-levelexamination,Psychology-and-Health.1991Mar,Vol.5(2):137-152.()TheStatusQuoofChineseValuesStudyandItsTrendsJINSheng-hua1,2,XINZhi-yong1,3(1.TianjinNormalUniversity,Tianjing300074;2.BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875;3.ShanxiUniversity,Taiyuan030006,China)Abstract:ThestatesanddevelopmentaltendenciesofstudiesonvaluesofChineseareobviousinthefol-lowingaspects:Firstofall,researcherstendtotakethedefinitionofvaluesfromwesternsocietyorjustbor-rowitfromphilosophicalarea.Thereisnocommondefinitionaboutvaluesinpsychologicalarea.Secondly,researchapproachesmainlyfocusonvaluesonthebasisofculturesbutofsocialandindividualconcerns.Thirdly,besidestheoreticalstudies,questionnairesarestilltheoverwhelmingresearchmethodandthesub-jectsaremainlycollegesandmiddleschoolsfrombigcities.Themainstreamofstudiesinthisareaistoknowwhatnowinsteadoflongitudinalresearch.Fourthly,inresearchcontent,studiestendtoconcernintegratedvaluesbutvaluesaboutconcretesubjects.Attheend,thetendenciesofstudiesonvaluesofChinesewillbebuildingupcommoncomprehension,emphasizingmultiplemethodsandlongitudinalresearch,andattachanimportancetotherelationshipsbetweenvaluesandbehaviorsandtovalueeducationaswell.Keywords:value;values;valuesorientation;Chinesevalues64