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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 高中英语语法专题讲练--并列句与状语从句
并列句与状语从句1高中英语语法专题讲练并列句与状语从句一、并列句由并列连词将两个或两个以上平等关系的简单句连接在一起构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句一、并列关系常用的连词有and(同,和),when(=andjustatthistime就在这时,然后),notonly…but(also)…(不仅……而且……),neither…nor…(既不……也不……)等。如:HehelpsmeandIhelphim.他帮我,我帮他。Henotonlygaveusalotofadvice,butalsohelpedustostudyEnglish.他不仅给我们出很多建议并且还帮助我学英语。Iwasjustleavingwhenthetelephonerang.我正要离开,电话铃响了。二、选择关系常用的连词有or(或者,否则),otherwise(否则),orelse(否则),either...or(不是……就是)。如:Hurryup,or(else)you’llbelate.快点,否则就会迟到了。EitherTomiscomingorhissistersare.不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。三、转折关系常用的连词有but(但是,可是,只是因为),while(而、却),yet(可是)等。如:ItrainedheavilyyesterdaybutIhadtoattendtheparty.昨天雨下得很大,但是我必须去参加聚会。Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.我喜欢喝茶而她喜欢喝咖啡。四、因果关系常用的连词有for(因为)和so(所以,因此)等。如:Iamthirsty,foritishot.我口渴,因为天气太热。ThemanagerwasillsoIwentinherplace.经理病了所以我代她去。1.Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften,____________you’llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.2.Shouldwechooseagoodmajor___________agooduniversityfirst?3.Mikewasusuallysocareful,_____________thistimehemadeasmallmistake.4.Theycaneitherchoosetoacceptthechallenge____________donate100dollars,ordotheboth.5.Thecouplewerewalkingalongthestreet___________suddenlytheyheardsomeonecryingforhelp.二、状语从句一、状语从句的概念和分类在前面的定语从句和名词性从句的学习中,已经明确了从句的概念,知道了定语从句就是从句充当定语的作用,名词性从句就是从句充当名词的作用。那么同理,状语从句就是从句充当状语的作用,状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。例:IknowhowtolightacampfirebecauseIhavedoneitbefore.(because引导的从句充当原因状语,所以为原因状语从句)Whenshewaswalkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.(when引导的从句充当时间状语,所以为时间状语从句二、状语从句的引导词因为从句引导词比较多,为了方便引导词的梳理,咱们以从句分类为依据进行引导词的梳理和讲解。I时间状语从句:起时间状语作用的从句。常用引导词:when,while,as,assoonas,before,after,since,till,until特殊引导词:theminute,themoment,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,everytime,,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely…when/before1.when,while,as区别。三个词都可以表示“当......时候”但是在使用的时候略有不同。1)when引导时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以用非延续性动词,也可用延续性动词。WhenIwasyoung,Iwenttotownmyself.(延续性动词)WhenIlivedincountry,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforhim.(延续性动词)Whenthefirebrokeout,allthestudentsweresleepingsoundly.(非延续性动词)2)while引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的动词,侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。例:MyfatherwaspreparingareportwhileIwasplayinggames.(延续性动词)Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.(延续性动词)3)as表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时发生,可译为“一边......,一边......”或“随着......”。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.Astimegoeson,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.2.before的用法。典型例题注意:but,while不与although连用,但yet,still可与although连用。Althoughshefeltill,shestillwenttowork.她虽然感觉不舒服,但她仍然去上班。并列句与状语从句2before,“在......之前”虽然平时接触的比较多,而且意思也简单,但是before会根据句子意思的需要有时候翻译会发生一定的变化,而且通常会用于一些固定句式中。1)before作“没有来得及......就”“未......就”“......就......”解时,强调主句谓语动词表示的动作发生得过早或过快。例:Someonecalledmeupinthenight,buttheyhungupbeforeIcouldanswerthephone.有人半夜给我打电话,但我还未来得及接他们就把电话挂了。Theyhadtalkedonlyafewminutesbeforetheyfoundtheywerequitedifferentinopinion.他们才谈了几分钟就发现他们的意见很不一致。2)before的固定句式。“It+be+一段时间+before从句”中的主句和从句的时态有两种情况:如果主句用一般将来时,则从句用一般现在时,意为“多长时间以后某事即将发生”;Itwon'tbelongbeforewemeetagain.不久我们就会再见的。如果主句用过去时,从句也用过去时,意为“多长时间以后某事才发生”。Itwas3yearsbeforehecamebackfromabroad.三年后他才从国外回来。3.Since的用法。译为“自从......”,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。例:Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.自从他来到我们学校,他学习就非常努力。4.assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when/before...这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,常译作“一......就......”ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknewfatherwascoming.我一听到那个声音,我就知道父亲来了。5.everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句,表示“每当......;每次......;下次......”等。例:Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.每当我处于困境,他就会来帮助我。Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.下次你来的时候,一定记着把你儿子带来。1.Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyears___________yougetanotherone.2.Weneedsomemorefactsandfigures_________wemakethefinaldecision.3.Becauseoftheheavytraffic,itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreak____________________shegottoheroffice.4.----Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.-----Thefirsttwoarefree______________________thethirdcosts30dollars.5.Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech___________________thestudentsstartedcheering.II地点状语从句:在句中作地点状语的从句称为地点状语从句。常用引导词:where特殊引导词:wherever,anywhere,everywhere例:Makemarkswhereyouhavequestions.在有问题的地方作出标记。Youcangoanywhereyoulike.你可以到你想去的任何地方。III让步状语从句:在句中表示让步的从句称为让步状语从句。常用引导词:though,although,evenif,eventhough(即使、尽管)特殊引导词:as尽管,虽然(不用于句首,用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while(一般用在句首)=although,nomatterwhat/how/when(特殊疑问词),whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whicheverwhether……or……(不管……还是……)例:Whiletherewasnoconclusiveevidence,mostpeoplethoughthewasguilty.Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.Hewon’tlistenwhateveryoumaysay.1.though/although引导的让步状语从句1)though/although引导让步状语从句时,主句若用yet或still引出,更加强调对比性,但不可出现but。Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。2)though引导的从句可以把表语、状语、动词等提至句首。(即though可用于形式倒装)Shortthoughitis,thearticleisveryimportant.典型例题并列句与状语从句3那篇文章虽然很短,但很重要。2.as引导的让步状语从句as引导让步状语从句时,从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词需提前至从句句首,作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词,冠词需要省去。例:Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.=Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.虽然他是一个孩子,但他知道该做什么。3.whether..or/whether(...)ornot引导的让步状语从句whether..
本文标题:高中英语语法专题讲练--并列句与状语从句
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