will--should--would--shall的用法

•Shall,will,should,would一般用作助动词，接近一个情态动词（need,dare,must,oughtto…)•Will1.主要用来构成将来时态，可用于多个人称.•Whenwillyoubeback?•Theywon’tletyoudown.2.用于疑问句表示请求。•WillyoutellherthatI’mMrsPater?3.(用于各个人称）A.愿意，肯。Gowhereyouwill.Ifyouwillallowme,Iwillseeyouhome（送你回家）.B.决心，承诺Iwon’tgiveheradivorce.（我不会…)Iwon’tdoitanymore,Ipromiseyou.C.习惯，倾向Thesethingswill(总是）happen.Shewill（常常）sitthereforhours,waitingforhersontocomehome.•D.命令，叮嘱•Youwillreporttotheheadquartersrighttoday.（得去报到）•Noonewill（不能）leavetheexaminationroombefore12o’clock.•E.表示猜测•Themanwiththeumbrellawillbe（必定是）thePrimeMinister.•Thatwillbe（肯定）thepostmanatthedoor.•Wewillgothroughthemostextraordinarycontortions,tosaveourselvesfromwalking.•….whereparentswilldrivethreeblockstopickuptheirchildrenfromafriend’shouse.•Shall（shallnot=shan’t)•1．在主语是第一、三人称的疑问句中征求对方意见：要不要……？……好吗？•ShallIturnonthelights?•Shallhewaitforyououtside?•2.表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须，应该”。•Intherules,itsaysthataplayershallbesentoffforusingbadlanguage•3.用于第二和第三人称表示强调，通常表示determination决心,promise承诺,obligation义务,职责,orpermission允许。•Youshallhaveitbacknextweek.下星期一定还你。•Heshallstayinbed.他必须躺在床上。•4.表示不可避免的某事：一定•Thatdayshallcome.那一天总会来的。•5.Let‘s…”的附加疑问通常使用“…,shallwe?”。•Let'shavearest,shallwe?我们休息一下，怎样？Would1.构成过去将来时，可用于多个人称：Iknewyouwouldagree.2.用来婉转提出请求、问题、看法等：Whatwouldyoulike?I’dgotherewithyou.3.用于虚拟条件句中：IwoulddoitifIcould.Iwishthesunwouldcomeout.4.will的过去形式，表示“愿意”，“肯”，“会”“决心”等Shejustwouldn’tdowhatIaskedher.她就是不肯答应我的要求。Shewouldneverpermitanythingofthatsort.她绝不允许出这种事。5.过去的习惯动作或倾向Whenhewasyounghewouldoftenwalkinthesewoods.Thewoundwouldnotheal.伤口老不愈合。6.（用于指过去的否定句中，表示拒绝，或无此习惯或不可能；）不肯；总是不；Hewouldn’tgivethenamesofhispartners.7.老是。（对总发生的事情，或一向的行为表示“不耐烦”的情绪。）That‘sexactlylikeJocelyn—shewouldlosethekey！Should1.“应当”：Youshoulddoitforyourowngood.Youshouldhavecheckedthetimebeforeweleft.2.用在某些从句中,带有感情色彩，可译为“竟然”ItseemssillythatIshouldhavetolearnthis.Ifinditquiteastonishingthatheshouldbesorudetoyou.3.用在虚拟语气。Itwasnecessarythatheshouldworkhard.ItishissuggestionthatIshouldcomeroundtoyou.ShouldI(=IfIshould)befreetomorrow,Iwillcome.Hereisashillingincaseyoushould(万一，以防）needit.•4.表示猜测。•It’s4:30.TheyshouldbeinNewYorkbynow.•Ishouldsayshe’soverforty.(我猜…)•5.用在某些句子使口气显得更加婉转。•Ishouldliketo…•Weshouldbegrateful/obliged…•Ishouldhavelikedto…will1future:AmeetingwillbeheldnextTuesdayat3p.m.2willingtodosomething:DrWeirwillseeyounow.3requestingspokenusedtoasksomeonetodosomething:Willyouphonemelater?4whatgenerallyhappensusedtosaywhatalwayshappensinaparticularsituationorwhatisgenerallytrue:经常发生的事。Accidentswillhappen.5possibilityusedlike‘can’toshowwhatispossible:Thiscarwillholdfivepeoplecomfortably.6beliefusedtosaythatyouthinksomethingistrue:ThatwillbeTimcominghomenow.7givingordersspokenusedtogiveanorderortostatearule:Everyemployeewillcarryanidentitycardatalltimes.8offering/invitingspokenusedtooffersomethingtosomeoneortoinvitethemtodosomething:Willyouhavesomemoretea?9annoyinghabitspokenusedtodescribesomeone’shabits,especiallywhenyouthinktheyareannoying:Trishwillkeepaskingdamnsillyquestions.willWhenyouarereportingwhatsomeonesaid,thoughtetc,willusuallychangestowould:Mybrothersaidhewouldhelpme.Iftheeventisstillinthefuture,willissometimesused,especiallyafterapresentperfecttense:TheMinisterhassaidthathewillpublishthereportsoon.•Sentencesfromthetext:•Wewillgothroughthemostextraordinarycontortions,tosaveourselvesfromwalking.•….whereparentswilldrivethreeblockstopickuptheirchildrenfromafriend’shouse.•Whattimewillshearrive?•Ihopetheywon’tbelate.•Maybebythenyouwillhavechangedyourmind.（将来）•Thebabywon’teatanything.（愿意）•Shutthedoor,willyou?（要求）•Oilwillfloatonwater.（经常发生的事情）•Asyouwillhavenoticed,therearesomegapsinthedata.（确信，肯定）•Willyoubequiet!（命令）•YouwilldoasIsay.•Won’tyouhaveaseat?（邀请）•would•1pastintentions/expectationsusedtosaywhatsomeoneintendedtodoorexpectedtohappen:打算•Theysaidtheywouldmeetusat10.30atthestation.•2imaginedsituations•Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonamillionpounds?•WhatwouldhavehappenedifIhadn’tbeenhere?•Ifonlyhewouldlistentome.•3pasthabitsusedtosaythatsomethinghappenedoftenorregularlyinthepast:•Onsummereveningstheywouldsitoutinthegarden.•4requestingspokenusedtoasksomeonepolitelytodosomething:•Wouldyoushutthewindow,please?•would•5offering/invitingspokenusedtooffersomethingtosomeoneorinvitethemsomewherepolitely:•We’regoingtothetheatrethisevening.Wouldyoubeinterestedincoming?•6pastpurposeusedafter‘sothat’toshowthatsomeonewastryingtomakesomethinghappenorpreventsomething:Wepackedallthebooksinwoodenboxessothattheywouldn’tgetdamaged.•7advicespokenusedwhengivingoraskingforadvice:•I’dtrytogetthereearlyifyoucan.•Shesaidshewouldn’tbecomingtothelibraryanymore.•Arnoldknewhewouldbetiredthenextday.（打算）•IwouldbeamazedifIgotthejob.•Itwouldbelovelytoseeyou.（虚拟）•Iwouldhavephonedyou,buttherewasn’ttime.•Alexwouldneverhavefoundoutifyouhadn’ttoldhim.•Whenweworkedinthesameoffice,wewouldoftenhavecoffeetogether.过去习惯•Wouldyoumindwaitingoutside?•Wouldsomeonepleasetellmewhatisgoingon?要求•Wouldyoulikeacoffee?（邀请）•IwouldtalktothedoctorifIwereyou.•shall(negativeshortformshan’t)•1shallI/we...?spokenusedtoma