小升初英语时态

一般现在时•【No.1】一般现在时的功能•1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。•Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。•2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。•Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床。•3.表示客观现实。•Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成•1.be动词：be(am,is,are)•Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。•2.行为动词：•主语行为动词(其它)。•WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。•当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”。•MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。【No.2】一般现在时的变化•1.be动词的变化•否定句：主语benot其它。•Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。•一般疑问句：Be主语其它。•-Areyouastudent?•-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.•特殊疑问句：疑问词一般疑问句。•Whereismybike?•2.行为动词的变化。•否定句：主语don‘t(doesn’t)动词原形(其它)。Idon‘tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn’t构成否定句。Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)主语动词原形其它。-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon‘t.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.动词s的变化规则•1．一般情况下，直接加-s，•如：cook-cooks,milk-milks•2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，•如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes•3．以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，•如：study-studies现在进行时•1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。•2．肯定句基本结构为be动词ing.否定句在be后加not一般疑问句把be动词调到句首动词加ing的变化规则•1．一般情况下，直接加ing，•如：cook-cooking•2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，•如：make-making,taste-tasting•3．假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing•如：run-running,stop-stopping将来时•概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等•基本结构：①begoingtodo；②willdo.•否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.•同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.一般过去时•1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作•2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）•⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t）•3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn’t动词原形，•如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.动词过去式变化规则•1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work-worked,cook-cooked•2．结尾是e加d，如：live-lived•3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped•4．以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,swim-swam,sit-sathave-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,1.一般现在时（1）表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态Weoftenwritetoeachother.常与always，usually，often，sometimes…连用。（2）表示主语现在的性格、特征、能力Heworkshard.他努力工作（3）表示客观事实或普遍用法Thesunrisesintheeast.Lightgoesfasterthansound2.一般过去时(1).表示过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态.HearrivedinHangzhouanhourago.Wherewereyoujustnow?(2).一般过去时往往和明确的过去时间状语连用.yesterday,lastnight,atthattimetwodays(monthsweeks)ago,in1996…Myfather,whenhewasachild,worked15hoursforthefarmaday.过去时的几种句型1）肯定句：主语+动词的过去式+其它。Hewenttothetoystoreyesterday.2）否定句：主语+didnot(didn‘t)+动词原形+其它。Hedidn'tgotothetoystoreyesterday.3）一般疑问句：Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？1)-DidyougotoBeijinglastweek?-Yes,wedid.(No,wedidn't.)4）特殊疑问句疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？1)-Whatdidyoudolastnight?-Ididmyhomework.3.一般将来时(1)构成a.will+动词原形b.begoingto+动词原形(2)用法①表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。1.will常缩写成'll“2.否定式willnot的简略won‘t4.现在进行时(1)意义：表示说话的此刻正在进行的动作。常与now连用。Thestudentsareplayingbasketballnow.(2)构成：主语+be+现在分词(v.+ing)Listen!MaryissinginganEnglishsongintheclassroom.一般现在时的练习（1）1.Weoften___________(play)intheplayground.2.He_________(get)upatsixo’clock.3.What(do)heusually(do)afterschool?4.Mikesometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.5.______Mike_____(read)Englisheveryday?一般现在时的练习（2）6.Mydogrunsfast.（改为否定句、一般疑问句）7.IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon.（改为否定句、一般疑问句并对划线部分提问）8.Mingmingusuallywaterstheflowerseveryday（同上）9.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.（同上）一般过去时的练习（1）1.Isawhimthismorning.（改为否定句、疑问句并做回答）2.I_______(be)12lastyear.3.—_______(be)thedoctorinthehospitallastnight?—No,he_______(benot).4.—What_______he_______(do)yesterday?—He_______(draw)somepicturesinthepark.一般过去时的练习（2）用动词的适当形式完成句子。1.I_____(get)twopostcardsfromherlastweek.2.Who_____(live)inthatroomlastweek?3.YesterdayI______(see)himinthestreet.4.______(be)headriverthreeyearsago?5.Thestudents_____(be)notintheclassroomatthattime.6.I______(wash)mysportshoesjustthen.下一页现在进行时的练习1.Whatareyou_________(do)now?I___________(eat)bread2.Look,theboy__________(put)therubbishintothebin.3.WhereisMak?He_________(run)onthegrass.4.Listen,who_________(sing)inthemusicroom?Oh,Mary__________(sing)there.5.Thebirdsaresinginginthetree.(就划线部分提问).一般将来时的练习()1.Charlie________herenextmonth.A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’tworkingC.isn’tgoingtoworkingD.won’twork()2.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe()3.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe下一页返回()4.________aconcertnextSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare()5.Iftheycome,we________ameeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave()6.He________inthreedays.A.comingbackB.camebackC.willcomebackD.isgoingtocomingback()7.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give动词不定式（todo）短语：wanttodoremembertodosthbegintodoliketodoforgettodo句型：It’stimeforsbtodosth.Iamgladtodosth.Iamsorrytodosth.Wouldyouliketodosth?动名词doinglikedoingsthforgetdoingsthstopdoingsthrememberdoingsthbegoodatdoingsthgoshopping/fishing/skating/jogging