16英语商务函电PPT-Unit12 Insurance

Unit12InsuranceⅠ.TeachingAims:Insuranceisarathercomplicatedsubjectandithasnowenteredintoalmosteverytransactionininternationaltrade.Tomeettherequirementofseatransportation,variouskindsofmarineriskscanbecoveredunderdifferentinsurancepolicies.Thischapterdealsmainlywithmarineinsurance.•Throughstudyofthischapter,studentswillbeacquaintedwithinsuranceclauses,especiallythreebasicrisksandsomeadditionalriskswhichweoftencoverinourdailybusiness.Ⅱ.ImportantandDifficultPoints:•1.Differentinsuranceclauses;•2.Differentwaysofexpressingtheinsuredamount;•3.Openpolicy;•4.Keywordsandexpressions:•Cover,coverage,•insure,insurance,•risk,premium,openpolicyⅢ.Teachingcontents:•Importandexportcargoesaresubjecttodamageorlossincurredbyavarietyofrisksinthecourseoftransit,loadingandunloading,storage,etc.•Thereforegoodstravelingtoanothercountrymustbeinsuredagainstlossordamageateachstageoftheirjourney,sothatthepartiesconcernedcanbecompensatedafterthedamageorloss.•在国际贸易中，进出口货物由卖方地点到买方地点的运输、装卸和存储等流转环节的过程中，可能会遇到各种各样的风险、灾害和意外事故而遭受损失。•为了货物在遭受损失后能得到经济上的补偿，买方或买方应在货物启运前，向保险公司办理货物的运输保险。•货物运输保险是投保人(insured)(被保险人)在货物装运前，以一定的保险金额(theinsurancevalue)向承保人(insurer)(保险人)即保险公司投保货物运输险。•由于对外贸易的货物大多数是通过海洋运输的，所以海洋运输货物保险就显得特别重要。•Insurancewasoriginallyappliedtolossesatsea,whereriskswerealwaysgreat.Nowithasbecomeavastsubject,enteringintoalmosteveryactivityofhumanbeings.Asfarasforeigntradeisconcerned,therearevariouskindsofriskswhichcanbecoveredunderaninsurancepolicy.•Ⅳ.Thepurposeofinsurance•Thepurposeofinsuranceistoprovidecompensationforthosewhosufferfromlossordamage;inotherwords,itisacontractofindemnity,acontracttorestoretosomeone,eitherthefullamountofthelossthatmaybeincurred,oraspecifiedpercentageoftheamountoftheloss.•保险的目的是使其货物遭受损失或损坏者得到赔偿。换句话说，它是一种赔偿契约，给某人赔偿遭受损失的全部金额或按特定百分比赔偿所损失的一部分金额。•Acontractofinsurance,whichisgenerallymadeintheformofaninsurancepolicy,isone•betweenapartywhoagreestoaccepttherisk(theinsurer)•andapartyseekingprotectionfromtherisk(theinsured).•Inreturnforpaymentofapremium,theinsureragreestopaytheinsuredastatedsum(oraproportionofit)shouldtheeventinsuredagainstoccur.Thepremium,beingthenamegiventothesumofmoney,paidbytheinsured,isquotedasapercentageofthesuminsured.•保险合同通常用保险单的形式，是承担风险的一方（承保人）和寻求防御风险的一方（投保人）两者之间的一种合同。若投保的风险发生了，承保人为报偿投保人所付的保险费，同意付给投保人一笔规定的金额或一部分金额。保险费是按投保金额的百分之几计算的，也就是投保人所付的钱。•投保人(theinsured)•按•保险金额(insuranceamount/insurancevalue)险别（coverage）•保险费率(rate)•向•承保人(insurer)•支付保险费(premium)•领取保险单(insurancepolicy)保险凭证（insurancecertificate）保险涉及费用•(1)保险金额（InsuredAmount）•是指保险人（被保险人）对保险标的（Subject-matterInsured）的实际投保金额，是保险人计算保险费的依据，也是保险人承担损失赔偿责任的最高限额。•按照国际保险市场的习惯做法，出口货物的保险金额一般按CIF货价另加10%计算，这增加的10%叫保险加成，也就是买方进行这笔交易所付的费用和预期利润。•保险金额计算的公式是：•保险金额=CIF货值×（1+加成率）•（2）险别（coverage）•险别是确定承保人赔偿的责任范围，•不同的险别承保人承担的责任范围不同。•(3)保险费(Premium)•是保险人因承担特定的赔偿或给付责任而向投保人或被保险人收取的费用。•保险费率（PremiumRate）是由保险公司根据一定时期、不同种类的货物的赔付率，按不同险别和目的地确定的。•保险费则根据保险费率表按保险金额计算，其计算公式是：•保险费=保险金额×保险费率。•ThereareagreatmanyinsurancecompaniesintheworldLloyd’sisafamousorganizationincorporatedinLondonin1871.•ThePeople’sInsuranceCompanyofChina(PICC)establishedin1949,isthesolestate-ownedinsuranceorganizationinChina.•Itunderwritesalmostallkindsofinsuranceandhasagentsinpracticallyallmainportsandregionstheworldover.•SincetheestablishmentofthePICC,ithasbecomethepracticeofourforeigntradecorporationstohavetheirimportsinsuredwiththePICC.•InsuranceonChina’sexportsmayalsobecoveredhereiftheforeignbuyersdeemitadvisabletodoso.•ButnevershouldthebuyersbeforcedtoacceptCIFtermsiftheyintenddoingbusinessonCFRorFOBbasiswithinsuranceattheirdiscretion.•保险条款•ThePICChasitsowninsuranceclauses,knownasChinainsuranceclauses(CIC),whichisdifferentfromtheInstituteCargoClauses(ICC).•TheprincipalperilswhichthebasicmarinepolicyofthePICCinsuresagainstunderitsOceanMarineCargoClausesare:•按照中国人民保险公司海洋运输货物保险条款，该公司的基本保险单承保的海运主要险别有：•1、基本险(BasicRisks)•平安险F.P.A(FreeFromParticularAverage)•水渍险W.P.A(WithParticularAverage)•一切险AR(AllRisks)•2、附加险(AdditionalRisks/coverage)•一般附加险•(GeneralAdditionalRisks/coverage)•(1)偷窃，提货不着险T.P.N.D.•(Theft,Pilferage&Non-delivery)•(2)淡水雨淋险F.W.R.D.•(FreshWater&/orRainDamage)•(3)短量险(RiskofShortage)•(4)混杂，玷污险•(RiskofIntermixtureandContamination)•(5)渗漏险(RiskofLeakage)•(6)碰损，破碎险•(RiskofClashandBreakage)•(7)钩损险(HookDamage)•(8)受潮受热险•(DamageCausedbySweatingandHeating)•(9)包装破裂险(BreakageofPacking)•(10)串味险(RiskofOdour)•(11)锈损险(RiskofRust)•特别附加险•(1)交货不到险(FailuretoDelivery)•(2)进口关税险(ImportDutyRisk)•(3)舱面险(OnDeckRisk)•(4)拒收险(RejectionRisk)•(5)黄曲霉素险(AflatoxinRisk)•(6)出口货物到香港（包括九龙在内）或澳门存仓火险责任扩展条款(FireRiskExtensionClauseforStorageofCargoatDestinationHongkong,includingKowlooworMacao)•特殊附加险•(SpecialAdditionalRisks/coverage)•(1)战争险(WarRisk)•(2)罢工险(StrikesRisk)•(3)战争险的附加费用险•(AdditionalExpense-WarRisk)•Theword“average”,whenusedforinsurancehasnottheusualmeaning.ItisananglicizedtranslationoftheFrenchword“avarie”or“havarie”meaningloss.•Averageisoftwokinds:•(1)共同海损GeneralAverage•Itisalossresultingfromavoluntarysacrificeorexpenditureintimeofperil,forthesafetyofhull,cargoandfreight.•(2)单独海损ParticularAverage•Itmeanspartiallossordamageaccidentallycaus