水生植物在水污染治理中的净化机理及其应用

*程伟程丹李强(430074),,,ThePurificationPrincipleandApplicationofAquaticVascularMacrophytesChengWeiChengDanLiQiang(SchoolofEnvironmentEngineering&Engineering,HuazhongUniversityofScience&TechnologyWuhan430074)AbstractInthispaper,thecurrentresearchofaquaticmacrophytesinthewaterpollutiontreatmentissummarized,includingpurificationprinciple,purificationefficiencyanditsapplication.Inaddition,newtechniquesonthetreatmentofwastewaterwithaquaticmacrophytessuchasbiology-floating-islandarereportedandthefuturedevelopmentprospectisdescribed.Keywordsaquaticvascularplantwaterpollutiontreatmentpurificationbiology-floating-island,,,,,,,,,,,,1:(aquaticvascularplant),,,,4[1],114,,,,22.1,[2],[3],,,,[4],,,2.2,,,,,:30~150kg/(ha2#),2000~2500kg/(ha2#)[5]SharonA.Bramwell[6],72.9%,6.7%2.3,,,[7],M.E.Soltan[8],1485?110Lg,295?10Lg,185?13Lg,142?19Lg0.36mg/L,30~40h,0.005mg/L17~37e,[9]2.4[10]*:/0863//0,:2003AA601110#6#IndustrialSafetyandEnvironmentalProtection2005311January2005Gersgerg[11]HarbertPerfler[12]Reed[13],,,,,[3]2.5,,,,,,,,[14][15][16],(Cyperuspapyrus),O2,,O21.16mmol/(m2#s),O2,3.19mmol/(m2#s),427mmol/(m2#s)MaxplanckSeidel,,()[3]2.6,,,[17],,[18],[18],,a,(SOD),,[19],2.7,,,,,[3],3(3),10-3m/s,,[20]2.8;,33.1,PeterVanDerSteen[21]235UASBSSBOD,[22];,,,,BOD60%,COD54%,NH4-N46%,SS57%,99.6%~99.95%,pH3.2,[23],81.48%,PD-DDE[24],,1060%~70%E.I.Hozhina[25],22()Lg/g5.88501513003901300063030011270153206906800150230,,,[25]3.3,[26],3,,,BODCOD[27]19992,,,20,,,,,,,#7#3.4[28],,,,,,1993,()()()(),,1,TN73.25%,TP62.52%,COD44.29%,BOD553.59%,TSS75.05%,,[29],,3.5[30],[31],S.Perdomo[32],[33],[34],,44.1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2,,,3,,,,,,,m2,,,m228~30,4.2,,,,,:(1)(1m2245m2),,(2),,,(3),/0,,,,,,4.3(1),,,,,,,14.4,,;,,,,#8#6,,,,1480,3500,3.5t1.225,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,..,2003(2)2SomesNLG,BreenPF,andWongTHF.Integratedhydrologicandbotanicaldesignofstormwatercontrolwetlands.Preprintsofthe5thInter-nationalConferenceonWetlandSystemforWaterControl.UniversityBo-denkulturWien.Vienna,Austria.1996,183HansBrix.DomacrophytesplayaroleinconstructedtreatmentwetlandsWatSciTech,1997,35(5):11174SmithID,BisGN,LemonER,etal.Athermalanalysisofasub-surface,verticalflowconstructedwetland.WatSciTech,1997,35(5),5BrixH.Functionsofmacrophytesinconstructedwetlands.WatSciTech,1994,29(4),71786SharonABramwell,PVDeviPrasad.PerformanceofasmallAquaticPlantWastewaterTreatmentSystemunderCaribbeanConditions.JournalofEnvironmentManagement,1995,(43):2132207,..(),1994,33(2)8MeSoltan,MNRashed.Laboratorystudyonthesurvivalofwaterhy-acinthunderseveralconditionsofheavymetalconcentrations.AdvancesinEnvironmentalResearch.2003(7):3213349,..,1995,5(4)10ThammatatKoottatep,ChongrakPolprasert.Roleofplantuptakeonn-itrogenremovalinconstructedwetlandslocatedinthetropics.WatSciTech,1997,36(12):1811GersbergRM,ElkinsBV,LyonSR,etal.Roleofaquaticplantsinwastewatertreatmentbyartificialwetlands.WaterRes,1986,20(3):36336812HaberlR,PerflerR.Nutrientremovalinthereedbedsystem.WatSciTech,1991,23(4-6),72973713ReedSC,MiddlebrooksEJ,CritesRW.Naturalsystemforwastewa-termanagementandtreatment.In:NewYork,ed.McGrawHillBookCompany,198814,,..,2003,27(4)15ChengShuiping,WuZhenbin,XiaYicheng.Studiesonthepurifyingspaceinartificialwetlandswithcattailandrush.ResourcesandEnv-ironmentintheYangtzBasin,1999,8(3)16LiM,JonesMB.CO2andO2transportintheaerenchymaofCyperuspapyrusL.AquaticBotany,1995,52:9310617MartenScheffer.Theeffectofaquaticvegetationonturbidity;howim-portantarethefilterfeeders.Hydrobiology,1999,408/409:30731618,,,..,2001,17(3):42~44,4719,,..,1999,23(4):379~38420KickuthPL.Abwasserreininguginmosaikmatrizenausaerobentei-lbezirken.In:FMoser,ed.GrundlagenderAbwasserreinigung,1981,63966521PeterVanDerSteen,AsherBrenner,JoostVanBuuren,GideonOron.Post-treatmentofUASBreactoreffluentinanintegratedduckweedandstabilizationpondsystem.WatRes,1999,33(3):61562022DixoNGH,GambrillMP,CatundaPFC,etal.Removalofpathogenicorganismsfromtheeffluentofanupflowanaerobicdigesterusingwastestabilizationponds.WatSciTech,1995,31(12),27528423,..,1995,5(4)24,,,..,2000,13(6)25EIHozhina,AAKhramov,PAGerasimov,AAKumarkov.Uptakeofheavymetals,arsenic,andantimonybyaquaticplantsinthevicinityoforeminingandprocessingindustries.JournalofGeochemicalExplo-ration,2001,74:15316226,,,..,2001,19(4):299~30327,..,2001,21(6):540~54428ZhuJiang,ZhuXinyuan.TreatmentandutilizationofwastewaterintheBeijingZoobyanaquaticmacrophytesystem.EcologicalEngineering,1998(11):10111029,,,..,2001,23(2)30.NPCl.,2000,24(5):613~61631XiaHanping,KeHonghua,DengZhaoping.Thezoologyresearchoftreatmentofwastewatersgeneratedfromoilrefiningwithconstructedwet-land.ActaEcologicSinica,2003,23(7)32S.Perdomo,C.BanguesesJ.Fuentes.Potentialuseofaquaticmacro-phytestoenhancethetreatmentofseptictankliquids.WatSciTech,1999,40(3):22523233,..,1996,22(2):24~26(:20040914)#9#