并购企业员工期望落差、知觉组织支持、组织承诺与工作压力关系探

19Commerce&ManagementQuarterly,Vol.6,No.1,pp.19~46(2005)ASTUDYONTHERELATIONSHIPSAMONGUNMETEXPECTATION,PERCEIVEDORGANIZATIONALSUPPORT,ORGANIZATIONALCOMMITMENT,ANDJOBSTRESSOFTHEACQUIREDEMPLOYEESAFTERMERGERSANDACQUISITIONSYu-ShuPengChung-ChihChenGraduateInstituteofInternationalBusinessNationalDongHwaUniversityABSTRACTMergersandacquisitionsusuallyimplyenormousorganizationalchanges.Theacquiredemployeesfeelunfamiliaranduncertainjustlikethenewcomerstoan20organization.Thisstudyexplorestheunmetexpectationoftheacquiredemployeeshowtoaffecttheirworkattitudeandjobstressaftermergers.Inaddition,thisstudyalsodiscussestheroleofperceivedorganizationalsupportintherelationshipsamongthemetexpectation,jobstressandorganizationalcommitment.Consideringtheimpactofmergersandacquisitionsontheacquiredemployeesaregreaterthantheacquiringones,especiallytheemployeesunderthemiddlemanagementlevel,weselectedtheremainedemployeesunderthemiddlemanagementlevelinthecorporationacquiredlessthan2yearsasthesample.Thisempiricalstudyfoundthattheunmetexpectationofacquiredemployeesnotonlyfromjobregulationsandbenefit,butalsofromtheperson-organizationfitoftheacquiringcorporation.Theunmetexpectationmaybothaffectthepsychologicalandbehavioralstressofacquiredemployees.Italsoaffectstheorganizationalcommitmentofacquiredemployeestotheacquiringcorporation.Theunmetexpectationhasadirecteffectonthejobstressandorganizationcommitment.Italsohasanindirecteffectontheorganizationalcommitmentthroughtheperceivedorganizationalsupport.Keywords:Mergersandacquisitions,metexpectation,perceivedorganizationalsupport,organizationalcommitment,jobstress.mergersandacquisitions2001Marks&Mirvis,19982001Irkinshaw,Resman,&Akanson,2000Joseph&Marks,1988Buono&Bowditch,1989Ivancervich,Schweiger,&Power,198721metexpectationCarr,2001French,Caplan,andHarrison1982person-environmentfitDavy,Kinicki,Kilroy,andScheck1988expectancytheoryDavyetal.,198819Edwards&Cooper,1990Eulberg,Weekley,&Bhagat,1988Frenchetal.,1982Edwards,Caplan,&Harrison,1998demand-abilityfitsupplies-valuesfit22Edwards,1996Ivancervichetal.,19871-1-11-1-21-2-11-2-2Davyetal.,1988Carr,2001Lee&Mowday,1987Steers&Mowday,1981Rousseau1989,1998Porter&Steers,1973Carr,2001Greenhaus,Sidel,&Marinis,1983Irving&Meyer,1994,1995Vandenberg&Scarpello,1990Judge&Bretz,1992Kidron,19782-12-2Eisenberger,Huntington,Hutchison,&Sowa,1986Shore&Tetrick,1991Shore&Shore,231Eisenberger,Armeli,Rexwinkel,Lynch,andRhoades(2001)feltobligationpositivemoodNaumann,Bennett,Bies,andMartin(1998)Rhoades,Eisenberger,andArmeli(2001)ShoreandWayne(1993)Wayne,Shore,andLinden(1997)1995Eisenbergeretal.,19863-13-2Shore&Tetrick,1991Meyer&Allen,1991Guzzo,Noonan,&Elron,1994Hutchison,1997Hutchison&Garstka,1996Jones,Flynn,&Kelloway,1995Settoon,Bennett,&Liden,1996Eisenberger,Fasolo,&Davis-LaMastro,1990Shore&Wayne,19931124socialsupportLazarus&Folkman,1984Jonesetal.,19952%5%Bhalla,Jones&Flynn,199150%()Mathieu&Zajac,1990Lazarus&Folkman,1984Kobasa,1982BegleyandCzajka1993()Kobasa,198225H1••••H2•H3H4Begley&Czajka,1993Leong,Furnham,&Cooper,1996()ParkerandDecotiis1983()Mowday,Porter,&Steers,19821262305930.10%3323.41%2220.56%138543.37%5136.17%3835.51%3147.14%1611.35%1312.15%121.02%107.09%98.41%2105.10%128.51%109.35%142.04%00.00%00.00%52010.20%96.38%98.41%121.02%107.09%65.61%56659100%141100%107100%563365914121.40%3410717.12%23Bartlett’sp0.01varimaxscreetest1855%0.60273Lee&Mowday(1987)Cable&Judge(1996)(2000)Eisenbergeretal.(2001)Mowday,steers,&Porter(1979)(OCQ)(1995)40.890.531.0.842.0.803.0.764.0.748..0.7910.0.8911.0.740.870.6816.0.9017.0.8418.0.94150.601063%461,3,4,2,11,8,10318,16,17285N=107/21%36%21%8%14%22%22%54%2%0%3467910121337%26%10%6%21%252630313536404113%22%29%15%21%two-stepapproachAnderson&Gerbing,1988,1992Cronbach’sα10743%57%5MANOVA6subgroups7296MANOVAN=107Wilk’ΛF0.061.2240.230.522.0310.130.111.3640.160.390.6040.910.221.4640.167N=1072.700.771.00***2.860.960.54***1.00**3.180.58-0.43***-0.41***1.00**3.360.58-0.44***-0.45***0.56***1.00**3.000.850.43***0.28***-0.27***-0.20***1.00***2.110.830.47***0.23**-0.14**-0.18***0.52***1.00******p0.01**p0.05*p0.10AMOS4.0AnalysisofMomentStructureSEMAMOScompositereliabilityFornellandLarcker19810.600.5062GFINFI0.90RMSR0.05BagozziandYi19888AndersonandGerbing19881.0111.03080.70.890.870.780.890.780.780.50.530.680.380.490.540.55FornellandLarcker19819231.321.421.043.34(P)0.10.110.170.410.00GFI0.900.930.980.950.92NFI0.900.920.950.930.89RMSR0.050.050.030.030.08BagozziandYi1988()ABCDAcompletemediatingmodelBCDC2C9CC3()9631031ABCD2=HH1-1-2γH2-1γ31-0.15H1-2-1γH2-2γ=-.19**H1-2-2=-.044β34=.42***H1-1-1γ11=.40***21=.49***12=.06H3-1γ41=-.29***H3-2γ42=-.25***32γ223***p5.01,**p.03210H1-1-1H1-1-2H1-2-1H1-2-2H2-1H2-2H3-1H3-2H411123Edwardsetal.1998BeehrandNewman1978Steers&Mowday,1981Lee&Mowday,198733112d.f.240.76***31******68.86***32***28.10***26.70***8******40.31***9***13.61***1.0(∆χ2)***p0.0112MAMBMCMD2/d.f.35.13*6.98*0.60*1.28*p-value0.00*0.00*0.66*0.28*GFI0.90.89*0.93*0.99*0.99*RMSR0.050.09*0.08*0.01*0.01*AGFI0.90.72*0.62*0.96*0.92*NFI0.90.78*0.85*0.99*0.99*PNFI0.41*0.23*0.26*