跨国采购与武汉制造业升级研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文跨国采购与武汉制造业升级研究姓名：林锐申请学位级别：硕士专业：世界经济指导教师：刘海云20060401IGDPIIAbstractAsoneoftheimportantindustrialbaseinChina,Wuhan’smanufacturingindustrydevelopmentlevelisinferiortotheeasterncoastalregions.TheenlargementforeigncapitalparticipatesdegreeisverysignificantforpromotingthemanufacturingindustryinWuhan.Undertheglobalization,moreandmoremultinationalcompanies(MNC)choiceinternationalpurchasingasaeffectivemethodstosatisfytheirproductiondemand,whichisapartoftheassignmentintheirsupplychainmanagement.Thefollowingtheoriesrelatetotheinternationalpurchasingandindustryupgrading:industrialupgradingtheories,industryclustertheories,traditionalinternationaltradetheories,outsourcingtheoriesvaluechaintheoriesandsupplychainmanagementtheories.Inonehand,manufacturingindustrydevelopmentinWuhanhavesuchfeatures:highandnewtechniqueindustryandtraditionalindustrydevelopingsynchronously,industrialcomprehensivebeingjuniortotheothermidwestcitiesinChina,allofthemextendexportandraisethecityGDPlevel.TotheMNC,ontheotherhand,MNChavemadetheirownstandardsandstrategicmethodinchoosingandmanagementthemultinationalsuppliersaccordingtotheconsiderationofglobalvaluechain.InlinewiththeinvestigationofthemanufacturingindustrydevelopmentandtheanalysisoftheMNCs’purposeofinternationalpurchasing,itcanbelievethatthemanufacturingindustryinWuhanassociationswiththeMNCs’multinationalpurchasing.Inotherwords,itisnecessaryandprobablythatmanufacturingindustryupgradinginWuhancanresorttomultinationalpurchasinginpractice.Beingfacingwiththevariousdisadvantageinthisprocess,itshouldputforwardsomecounterplansuggestion,whichincludesestablishingindustryclusterspeciallogisticsmarkets,havingrespecttotheintellectualproperty,attendingtothebrandmanagementandinternationalmarketing,buildingmanufacturingindustrybaseinWuhan.Keywords:Wuhan’sManufacturingIndustryUpgradingInternationalPurchasingOutsourcingIndustryCluster111.120208821.21.2.12090GVC(globalvaluechain))Porter(1990)Gereffi(1999b)Poon(2004)Gereffi(1999a)HumphreySchmitz(2000)3(originalequipmentmanufacture,OEM)(owndesignmanufacture,ODM)(ownbrandmanufacture,OBM)GVC;1.2.219(Tunen,1862)(Weber,1909)1890(IndustrialDistrict)(ExternalEconomyofScale)2030(Krugman,1995)(Krugman,1991a)4(Krugman,1993,1995;FujitaandKrugman,1995;FujitaandMori,1997)1.2.3H-O1.2.4NewForeignInvestments,NFIs(ForeignDirectInvestment,FDI)NFIs5NFIsHill,1990NFIs1990901.2.52080(MichaelEPorter)(ValueChain)(PeterHines)1990690201.3(1)(2)(3)(4)722.133320011347.80594.8444.1%1020.84204.420.0%158.115.5%149.3714.6%48.64.8%2002565%1401502K101008(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)2003GDP50%60002005491.5976552.22.2.192.2.225%80%1/81/48-1550102.2.382.1715.5625.2934.8944.4953.4863.3872.7682.60WilliamsonGlobalandTransnationalBusiness2004(10):21-22.2.32.3.1ISO14000ISO14000ISO14000,ISO1400111ISO20%ULABB52.3.2ISO14001ISO14001ISO14000WTO(ISO)ISOWTOWTOISOISOISO14000122.3.32.3.4SA8000SocialAcountability8000InternationalStandard2.4(1)13(2)(3)(4)(5)620%1433.13.1.12020036925010(1)BT700,5090%50050070%15(2)13065004069%(3)2100(4)1%3%4%47%50%3.1.2FDI16GVC3.23.2.1(1)50%17(2)(3)3.2.2183.2.3OEMODMOBM19OEMODMOBMOEM+OEMOEMODMOBM20OEMOEMODMOBMOEMOEMODMOBMOEMODMOBMFDI213.33.3.120051406.546.3%54.5%200540302003182004522005716441520200110200440223.3.2(1)500(2)200240758.57.474(3)1.85GPS2075%233.4(1)200431212014015(2)24(3)2544.1264.2(1)27(2)(3)284.34(1)(2)2517016330058071029014001500429(3)(4)3M301999-32500200043302001919020058.5101/331(1)(2)(3)(4)4.43290%90%70%4.54.5.1OBM33OEMODMOBM344.5.2354.6IT36(1)(2)(3)(1)(2)(3)37(4)(1)(2)(3)382006439[1]..:,1990[2].:.:,1996[3]..:,2001[4]CristopherA.Bartlett..:,2002[5]CristopherA.Bartlett.:.:,2003[6]..:,1996[7]Prahalad..:,2001[8]..:,2004[9]..:,2003[10],..:,2002:76[11]..:,2004(8)[12].1980-2000.,2002(8):9-15[13].2002-2003.:,2002(3)[14]..,1997(6):20-26[15],..:,2002[16]..,2000(3)[17]..:,2000[18]()R()E..:,2001[19]()..:,200240[20]()..:,2001[21]()..:,2002[22]..:,1996[23]..:,1995[24].:,1993[25]..:,1994[26]DENSONEF.WhyGrowthRatesDiffer.NewYork:TheBrookingsInstitution,1976.286[27]WeiyingZhang.APrincipal-agentTheoryofthePublicEconomyandItsApplicationstoChina.EconomicsofPlanningVol31,1998[28]Balassa,Bela..TheNewIndustrializingCountriesintheWorldEconomy,PergamonPress,NewYork,1981[29]JunMa.MacroeconomicManagementandIntergovernmentalRelationsInChina.TheWorldBank,1995[30]Humphrey,JandSchmitz,H.GovernanceandUpgrading:LinkingIndustrialClusterandGlobalValueChain.IDSWorkingPaper120,Brighton:InstituteofDevelopmentStudies:2000[31]Nash,John.Non-CooperativeGame.AnnalsofMathe-matics,1951[32]ChikashiKishimote.Clusteringandupgradinginglobalvaluechains:TheTaiwanesepersonalcomputerindustry.HubertSchmitz(ed),LocalEnterprisesintheGlobleEconomyIssuseofGovernmenceandUpgrading,Chelterham:2003[33]LuizaBazan,LizbethNavas-Aleman.UpgradinginGlobleandNationalValueChains:recentchallengesandopportunitiesfortheSinosValleyfootwearcluster,Brazil.Novara:200341[34]Rondinelli,Dennis.DecentralizationPublicServicesinDevelopingCountries:IssuesandOpportunities.JournalofSocialPoliticalandEconomicStudies,14.1,1989[35]Chandler,A.TheVisible