状语从句讲解

AdverbialClauseA.状语从句概说1.种类：按状语从句的含义，一般分为：时间、条件、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较等状语从句。2.作用：在主句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词。3.位置：一般放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后常用逗号分开。AdverbialClauseA.状语从句的引导词一、时间状语从句：1)when,while,as,since,after,before,till(=until),2)assoonas(=themoment,theinstant,theminute),3)hardly/scarcely/barely…before/when=nosooner…thane.g.WhenIcalledonher,shewasplayingthepiano.Itbegantorainwhile/aswewerewalkinginthepark.I(had)sleptfourhoursbeforeshecame.AdverbialClauseNotes:1.not…until=Itisnotuntil…that+从句=Notuntil…+v.+S.(倒装句)e.g.Wedon’tknowthevalueofhealthuntilweloseit.=Itisnotuntilweloseourhealththatweknowthevalueofit.=Notuntilweloseourhealthdoweknowthevalueofit.AdverbialClause2.Assoonas/Themoment…+从句，S.+V.ed一…就nosoonerthan=S.+hadscarcely+p.p.,when(或before)hardlywhen(或before)Nosoonerthan=Hardly+had+S.+p.p.,whenScarcelywhenAssoonashesawme,heranaway.=Hehadnosoonerseenmethanheranaway.=Nosoonerhadheseenmethanheranaway.AdverbialClause3.Eachtime/EverytimeS.+V…,S.+V.…每次…都EachtimehecomestoBeijing,hecomestoseeme.4.1)not…longbefore没多久…就2)Itwillnotbelongbefore不久…将会Itwillbelongbefore很久后才会…3)beforelong=soon不久Ihadn’twaitedlongbeforehecame.我没等多久…Itwillnotbelongbeforewemeetagain.=Wewillmeetagainbeforelong.Itwillbelongbeforewemeetagain.要过很久我们才会见面。AdverbialClause二、条件状语从句：1)if,unless(=if…not),ifonly2)incase(that)/providing(that)/suppose(that)/supposing(that)/oncondition(that)=if3)as/solongas只要e.g.Hewillcomeunlessitrains.除非下雨，不然他会来。Youcan’tlearnEnglishwell,unlessyouworkhard.Provideditrainstomorrow,wewon’tgoonapicnic.AdverbialClause三、地点状语从句：1)where2)wherever(=everywhere,anywhere)e.g.Youmaystaywhereyoulike.Heiswelcomewhereverhegoes.AdverbialClause四、结果状语从句：1)so+adj./adv.+that+从句2)so+adj.+a(n)+n.+that…如此…以至于…=sucha(n)+adj.+n.+that…e.g.Heissokindthateveryonelikeshim.=Heissokindamanthateveryonelikeshim.=Heissuchakindmanthateveryonelikeshim.AdverbialClause五、原因状语从句：because,since(=nowthat/seeingthat),ase.g.Ididn’tgooutbecauseitrained.Sinceyouask,Iwilltellyou.Seeingthatit’sraining,you’dbetterstayindoors.Asyouareinpoorhealth,youshouldnotstayuplate.Note:Youshouldnotlaughathimbecauseheispoor.（不因…就）不要因为他穷而嘲笑他。AdverbialClause六、目的状语从句：e.g.1)that/sothat,inorderthat/inorderthat+S.+may/can/will为了…2)lest+S.+(should)+V.=forfear(that)S.+should/might+V.e.g.Heworkshardsothathemaypasstheexam.Heworkshardlestheshouldfailintheexam.=Heworkshardforfearthatheshouldfailintheexam.AdverbialClause七、比较状语从句：1)同等的比较：as…as,noless…than(=as…as),nomore…than(neither…nor)e.g.Youareasstrongashe.Youarenolesscleverthanhe.SheisnomorebeautifulthanMary.…一样不漂亮AdverbialClause七、比较状语从句：2)不等的比较notso(as)…as不像…那样比较级…than比…更…notsomuch(A)as(B)与其A…不如B=less(A)than(B)=more(B)than(A)e.g.TomistallerthanPaul.Theworkisnotsoeasyasyouthink.Heisnotsomuchapoetasanovelist.AdverbialClause七、比较状语从句：3)其他句型1.The+比较级…,the+比较级…2.wouldrather(sooner)…than(宁可…而不…)e.g.Thehappieryouare,thelongeryoulive.Iwouldratherwatchtelevisionthangotoamovie.AdverbialClause八、对比状语从句：引导词：while,whereas(而)e.g.Hewentout,while/whereasIstayedathome.Somepeoplelikecoffee,while/whereasothersliketea.AdverbialClause九、让步状语从句：引导词：although,though,as,evenif/though,however,nomatter(how,what,where,when),whether…or(不管…)e.g.Althoughheworkedhard,hefailed.=Hardasheworkedhard,hefailed.Althoughheisateacher,hecan’tknoweverything.=Teacherasheis,hecan’tknoweverything.Whateveryou(may)do,youmustdoitwell.AdverbialClause十、方式状语从句：引导词：as,as…so,asif/though,accordingas(依照)e.g.DoinRomeastheRomansdo.Doasyoulike.Asyousow,sowillyoureap.一份耕耘，一份收获。Hespeaksasifhewereateacher.Youmaygoorstay,accordingasyoudecide.