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215200910R&DMANAGEMENTVo.l21No.5Oct.2009:10048308(2009)05009407牛盼强1,2,谢富纪1,3(1,200051;2,250014;3,200051):.,,.,,,.:;;:F124;N031:A:20080715;:20090209.:(70573072);(08BJY033);985!!!;(066921084);(A200628).:(1978!),,,,.∀.2003,#TH∃,2005,#:∃;HenryEtzkowitz,.,..1953,LinusPaulingRobertBCoreyDNA,JamesWatsonFrancisCrick,,,[1].1995,EtzkowitzLeydesdorff,[2],.,.,,∀.12080,FreemanLundvall,.,.,,,.,,.,EtzkowitzLeydesdorff,(overlap),;,,[3].%,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,.,.,,;,.,:∀;&,;∋,[4].EtzkowitzLeydesdorff(1995),,(anetatisticmodel)(laissezfairemodel)(anoverlappingmodel)[2].,,,,.2,???,?,,.21,,,.DavidMowery.,,,.,,,,,.Shapiro,,,,[5].EtzkowitzMelloAlmeida,,,[6]..22,.MerleJacob(2002).,,.,Etzkowitz(2006),,,,[7]..LeydesdorffEtzkowitz,[8].Etzkowitz,,,.23?955:Leydesdorff.Storper,,,,,[9].,LeydesdorffMichaelFritsch(variance),,,,,[10].,,,.,.331,..,,,.,.,,,.:∀,EtzkowitzJoseManoelCarvalhodeMelloMarizaAlmeida[6],AzleyAbdRazakMohammedSaad[11],,;&,MohammedSaadGirmaZawdie[12],AnnamriaInzelt[13];∋,AnnamriaInzelt[13],AzleyAbdRazakMohammedSaad[11],Bernasconi(2005)PontificiaUniversidadCatolica,.32,.,,.,,,,,.RuuskaTeigland,,,,[14].,,,,.Johnson,[15],.441,,[16].,,.,TH(TripleHelixAlgo9621rithm),Shannon(1948),.,,,,.TH,Leydesdorff[1]LeydesdorffScharnhorst[17];[18].TH,,TH,.,.42THTH.LeydesdorffDolfsmaderPanneGV!!,,,,[19];LeydesdorffFritsch[10];,,[20].,TH,.,,.,.,;,.,.,,SCI,,.43,.,,[21],,,.,.,.ShapiroR&D[22],BelkhodjaRjeanLandry[23].,.,R&D,!!!!;,,.44,.(1996)(1998)(2000)(2002)(2005).(2007516!18):,#:∃[24].[25],.,975:.,,[26].200961719.!!!,[27].5,..,,,,,.(1).,,.,,1998.:,;,,.,,[28].,.,,,,,.(2).,,.,,,,,!!!,.(3),,.,[29]..(4).,;,,,,,[3].,,,,.,,;[20].:∀,;,,,9821;&TH,,,;∋,,,.,:∀,;&,,;∋,,;(,,.[1]LeydesdorffL.Themeasurementandevaluationoftriplehelixrelationsamonguniversities,industries,andgovernments[C].Copenhagen:PapertobePresentedattheFourthInternationalTripleHelixConference,2002.[2]EtzkowitzH,LeydesdorffL.Thetriplehelixofuniversityindustrygovernmentrelations:Alaboratoryforknowledgebasedeconomicdevelopment[J].EASSTReview,1995(1):14!19.[3],.[J].科研管理,2006(3):75!80.[4]EtzkowitzH.Thetriplehelixofuniversityindustrygovernmentimplicationsforpolicyandevaluation[R].[S.I]:WorkingPaperofInstitutetforStudieravUtbildningOchForskning,2002.[5]ShapiroM.ThetriplehelixparadigminKorea:Atestfornewformsofcapital[J].InternationalJournalofTechnologyManagementandSustainableDevelopment,2007(3):171!191.[6]EtzkowitzH,JoseManoelCarvalhodeMello,AlmeidaM.TowardsmetainnovationinBrazi:lTheevolutionoftheincubatorandtheemergenceofatriplehelix[J].ResearchPolicy,2005,34:411!424.[7],%.:[J].东北大学学报(社会科学版),2006(3):170!174.[8]LeydesdorffL,EtzkowitzH.CanThePublicbeconsideredasafourthhelixinuniversityindustrygovernmentrelations?[C].Copenhagen:ReportoftheFourthTripleHelixConference,2003.[9]StorperM.Theregionalworldterritorialdevelopmentinaglobaleconomy[M].NewYork:GuilfordPress,1997.[10]LeydesdorffL,FritschM.MeasuringtheknowledgebaseofregionalinnovationsystemsinGermanyintermsofatriplehelixdynamics[J].ResearchPolicy,2006,35:1538!1553.[11]AzleyAbdRazak,SaadM.Theroleofuniversitiesintheevolutionofthetriplehelixcultureofinnovationnetwork:ThecaseofMalaysia[J].InternationalJournalofTechnologyManagementandSustainableDevelopment,2007(3):211!215.[12]SaadM,ZawdieG.Fromtechnologytransfertotheemergenceofatriplehelixculture:TheexperienceofAlgeriaininnovationandtechnologicalcapabilitydevelopment[J].TechnologyAnalysis&StrategicManagement,2005(1):89!103.[13]InzeltA.Theevolutionofuniversityindustrygovernmentrelationshipsduringtransition[J].ResearchPolicy,2004,33:975!995.[14]RuuskaI,TeiglandR.Ensuringprojectsuccessthroughcollectivecompetenceandcreativeconflictinpublicprivatepartnerships!AcasestudyofByggaVilla,aSwedishtriplehelixegovernmentinitiative[J].InternationalJournalofProjectManagement,2009,27(4):323!334.[15]JohnsonWHA.Roles,resourcesandbenefitsofintermediateorganizationssupportingtriplehelixcollaborativeR&D:ThecaseofPrecarn[J].Technovation,2008,28(8):494!505.[16]LeydesdorffL.Theknowledgebasedeconomy:Modeled,measured,simulated[M].BocaRaton,FL:UniversalPublishers,2006.995:[17]LeydesdorffL,ScharnhorstA.Measuringtheknowledgebaseaprogramofinnovationstudies[R].Berlin:FrderinitiativeSciencePolicyStudiesoftheGermanBundesministeriumfrBildungundForschung,2003.[18].[J].科研管理,2006(6):19!27.[19]LeydesdorffL,DolfsmaW,derPanneGV.Measuringtheknowledgebaseofaneconomyintermsoftriplehelixrelationsamongtechnology,organization,andterritory[J].ResearchPolicy,2006,35:181!199.[20]LengyelBalzs,LeydesdorffL.Measuringtheknowledgebaseinhungary:Triplehelixdynamicsinatransitioneconomy[C].Hungary:PaperpresentedattheAnnualConferenceoftheHungarianAssociationofEconomics,2007.[21]SaadM.Issuesandchallengesarisingfromtheapplicationofinnovationstrategiesbasedonthetriplehelixculture:ExperienceoftheincubationsysteminAlgeria[J].InternationalJournalofTechnologyManagementandSustainableDevelopment,2004(1):17!35.[22]ShapiroM.ThetriplehelixparadigminKorea:Atestfornewformsofcapital[J].InternationalJournalofTechnologyManagementandSustainableDevelopment,2007(3):171!191.[23]Belkhodj