中考英语定语从句专题复习

1.Thisisthegentlemanwhohelpedmeoutofthetrouble.2.Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool.3.Doyouknowtheboywhosebicyclewasbrokenjustnow?4.Thefarm(that)wevisitedlastSundaywaslocatedinthesuburbsofBeijing.定语从句：修饰名词或代词对其启到限定作用的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系代词以及关系副词（when/where/why)指代对象人事物人物共存主格Who/thatThat/whichthat宾格Who(m)/thatThat/whichthat所有whoseWhose/ofwhich1.Theboy_______wesawyesterdaywasJohn’sbrother.2.Doyouknowthenameofthehotel________windowswecanseehere?3.Isshethegirl______sellsnewspapers?Who&that下列情况中只能使用who1当先行词是one,ones,anyone或thoseAnyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.Thosewhodaretobreakthelawwillbepunished.2用在therebe结构中先行词做表语Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.3为避免重复或引起歧义ThemanthatspokeatthemeetingisourheadmasterwhohasjustcomefromShanghai.4先行词是I,you,he,they等Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburned.5先行词是指成员的集合名词Thefamily,wholivesupstairs,arefondofmusic.7用在非限制性定语从句中指人LiuXiang,whoquitedinBeijingOlympics,isstillregardedasaheroinchina.That&which下列情况中只能使用that1先行词是everything,anything等不定代词或是all,much,few,little以及被其修饰Everythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone.Therearefewbookswecanread.2先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thevery及序数词修饰ThisistheonlyfoodthatIcanfindforyou.Hiscompositionwasthesecondonethatwashandedin.3先行词被形容词或副词的最高级修饰时ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveeverseen.4先行词人物共存时Theytalkedforhalfanhourofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.5先行词在从句中做表语Chinaisnotthecountrythatitusedtobe6先行词为数词时Hebroughttwocatsyesterday.NowIcanseethetwothatareplayinginthegarden.7为避免重复Hebuildupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.8先行词为what时Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome.通常使用whch的情况1当关系代词之后有插入语时Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatimportancetoscience.2在谚语中常采用thatwhich的用法Thatwhichisevilissoonlearned.3先行词是指物的that或those时Hehasfoundthatwhichhehasbeenlookingfor.**which的特殊用法**1.指代整个主句或主句的部分Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,whichwastrue.2.限定作用但前必须有介词Helosthistemper,atwhichpointIdecidedtogohome.Hissoninsistedonjoiningthearmy,inwhichcasehehadtogivein.Whose的用法指人或物，表示所属关系Idon’twanttohiretheboywhosefatherisnowinprison.Lookatthehousewhoseroofisred.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30,bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegothome.Whose+N=N+ofwhichThehousewhoseroofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.Thehousetheroofofwhichwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.Thehouseofwhichtheroofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.名词前定冠词介词+关系代词Prep+which/whomThechaironwhichsheissittingismadeofplastics.Thewomantowhomyoutalkedjustnowisafamoussinger.**Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,allofwhomagreedthtitwasthebestonethisyear.**Icalledhimbythewrongname,forwhichmistakeIshouldapologize.刚才与我们校长谈话的那个人是我们的英语老师1ThemantowhomourheadmastertalkedjustnowisourEnglishteacher.2ThemanwhomourheadmastertalkedtojustnowisourEnglishteacher.3ThemanwhoourheadmastertalkedtojustnowisourEnglishteacher.4ThemanthatourheadmastertalkedtojustnowisourEnglishteacher.5ThemanourheadmastertalkedjustnowisourEnglishteacher.特殊的关系代词1.as(1)As引导限制性定语从句用在固定搭配as…as,so…as,such…as,thesameas..Youmaytakeasmanybooksasyouwant.Ihavegotsuchacomputerasyours.ThisisthesamebicycleasIhavelost.ThisisthesamebicyclethatIhavelost**Thesame…as..表示它的内容与先行词所讲的事物是一类，而thesamethat…是同一个**（2）as引导非限制性定语从句指代整个主句或主句的部分内容Asweallknow,lighttravelsfasterthansound.Taiwan,asyouknow,isaninseparablepartofchina.Which&as的区别Smokingisharmfultoone’shealth,asisknowntousall.Itwasrainingheavilylastnight,whichpreventedmefromgoingtotheparty.As引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句的任何位置，而which只能放在主句句末As引导的非限制性定语句经常翻译成“正如”而which翻译成“这一点”As在从句中做主语时，谓语动词一般为Be而which不用but用在否定结构相当于who/that…notInChinathereisnoonebutknowsXiaoShenyang.Thereisnorulebuthasexceptions关系副词引导的定语从句IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIwasinCannda.ThecompanywhereheisworkingisoneofthebiggestinthecityThereasonwhyhewaslatetodayistrafficjam.In/onwhichIn/atwhichforwhich1NeverwillIforgetthedays________wespenttogetherinourmiddleschool.2Thisisthefactory________myfathervisitedyesterday.3Isthisfactory_______myfathervisitedyesterday?4Wasthisthereason_________heexplainedtousforhisbeinglate?先行词在从句中做何种成分决定使用那个关系词He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_______heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why当先行词为case,situation,stage,activity,等表示隐含地点的词语时，关系词使用where定语从句中的主谓一致Themp4that____beengiventomeishome-made.(have)I,who____yourclassmate,willsharetheworkwithyou.(be)关系代词做从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词使用单数形式。【注意】Heisoneofthestudentswho______madegreatprogress.MrWangistheonlyoneofmyfriendswho____beeninvitedtohavedinnerwithus.(have)oneof+复数名词作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。但若one前有the（only）the（just）the（very）修饰时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式限制性定语从句&非限制性定语从句Thosewhowanttogotothecinemapleaseputupyourhands.Dr.Brown,wholivesnextdoor,comesfromAmerica.区别:限制性定语从句对先行词起限定区分作用，省略意思不完整不清楚。非限制性定语从句对先行词起进一步的说明或描述，省略意思完整修饰专有名词只能使用非限制性定语从句表示唯一性