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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 经营企划 > 2013年高考英语一轮总复习语法专题复习 8. 倒装课件
倒装分完全倒装和部分倒装:完全倒装:将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来。部分倒装:只把谓语中的助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前,谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面。一、倒装的原因1.句子语法结构的需要。一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句和特殊疑问句等。例如:Longlivepeace!和平万岁!Isthisthefirsttimeyou'vebeenthere?你这是第一次到这里吗?Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?你来这里多长时间了?Thesetwopaintingsarealike,aren'tthey?这两幅油画很像,不是吗?2.一些句型的固定用法。例如:Suchwerehislastwords.他最后的话就是这样。Theregoesthebell.响铃了。3.强调的需要。倒装以后,句子更加流畅生动。例如:Alotofdifficultieslaybeforeus.倒装以后:Beforeuslayalotofdifficulties.Thearrowwentupintotheair.倒装以后:Upwentthearrowintotheair.二、完全倒装下列情况需进行完全倒装:1.在以here,there,now,then,in,away,up,down等副词开头的句子中。Incametheteacher.老师进来了。Herecomesourteacher!老师来了!Nowcomesthechance.机会到了。Therearejustafewstudentsintheclassroom.教室里只有几个学生。Awaywenttherunners.赛跑选手们跑远了。注意:如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语不需倒装。例如:Therehecomes.他来了。Awaytheyhurried.他们匆忙离去了。2.在方式状语thus开头的句子中。Thusendedhislife.这样结束了他的生命。3.把表语或表示方位的状语提至句首时。Southofthecityliesabigfactory.城南有一家大工厂。PresentareMr.Li,myfriend,Dr.Wang,mybossandhiswife.在场的有我的朋友李先生、我的老板王博士和他的妻子。注意:使用完全倒装的句子只有两种时态,即一般现在时和一般过去时,也就是谓语由一个单词(且一般为不及物动词或系表结构)构成。4.如果直接引语后注明是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,需要完全倒装;主语是代词时,一般不用倒装。“Iwonder,”saidJohn,“whetherIcanborrowyourbike.”“Theradioisloud,”complainedmyfather.“It'sverygood,”hesaid.三、部分倒装下列情况需进行部分倒装:1.only+状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句等)放在句首时。OnlywhenIgottheredidIknowthetruth.我只有到那里时才知道事情的真相。OnlyafterayeardidIbegintoseetheresultsofmywork.2.含有否定意义的副词或连词(如little,scarcely,barely,rarely,seldom,never,nosooner…than,notonly,hardly…when…等)放在句首时。Notonlydidhecome,butalsohebroughtusgoodnews.他不但来了,而且给我们带来了好消息。NeverwillImakethatmistakeagain.我再也不会犯那样的错误了。Notuntil10o'clockwillthelibraryopen.到10点图书馆才会开门。NosoonerhadIgoneoutthanhecametoseeme.我刚出门,他就来看我了。Hardlyhadthetrainarrivedatthestationwhenwerantowardsthesleepingcarlookingforourguests.火车刚一进站,我们就跑向卧车去找我们的客人。3.副词so,neither,nor,nomore用在句子的开头,表示前面说的情况也适合于一个人或事物以避免重复的句子,作“也”讲时,引导的句子用倒装语序。例如:Hewenttothefilmlastnight.SodidI.他昨晚去看了电影,我也去了。Hehasn'tbeentothecountryside,neitherdoeshewanttogothere.他没去过乡村,他也不想去。注意:如果“so”不作“也”讲而只起连词作用,表示一种“的确如此”的意思时,句子就要用正常语序。如:Hismothertoldhimtogotothefilm.Sohedid.他妈妈叫他去看电影。他真的去了。—Heisatallthinman.—Soheis.—他是一个又高又瘦的男子。—确实如此。当前面有两个以上不同类型的谓语动词时,或既有肯定又有否定时用:Soitiswith…或Itisthesamewith…句型。如:—Ilikechicken,butIdon'tlikefish.—我喜欢吃鸡,但是不喜欢吃鱼。—Soitiswithme.—我也一样。TomisanAmerican,butlivesinChina.ItisthesamewithJack.汤姆是美国人,但住在中国,杰克也一样。4.当程度短语so+adj./adv.放句首时。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.他讲话声这么大连隔壁的人都听到了他的声音。Sosmallwerethewordsthathecouldhardlyseethem.字太小了,他几乎看不清。5.在if虚拟条件句中,若从句中有系动词were,助动词had和情态动词should时,可以不用if,而将从句中的这些词和主语颠倒形成部分倒装。Wereheyounger(=Ifhewereyounger),hewouldlearnskating.Shouldtheyforget(=Iftheyshouldforget)tobringamapwiththem,theywouldgetlostinthewoods.HadIknownwhatwasgoingtohappen(=IfIhadknown…),Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.注意:如果该虚拟条件句中,谓语部分没有were,had和should等助动词,则该从句不能变成倒装句型。如下列句子则不能变为倒装句:IfIhadenoughmoney,Iwouldbuyacomputerformybrother.IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldcallhim.四、其他类型的倒装1.形容词/名词/动词+as/though引导的让步状语从句中(如表语是名词,名词前不加任何冠词)。Oldasheis,heisfullofenergy.Cleverthoughheis,heisnotproud.Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.Childashewas,hehadtomakealiving.2.在May…或Longlive…开头的表示祝愿的句子。Mayyousucceed!祝你成功!Longlivetheking!国王万岁!五、倒装在高考中的运用倒装句在英语语法中,通常和强调句型等放在一起称为特殊句式。在广东高考的语法填空中,近四年都不曾体现倒装句这一考点,但是这并不意味着这一语法不重要。倒装句更多的是在我们的写作当中体现,特别是在作文的结尾部分,如果要用到一些号召性或呼吁性的字句,我们经常可以用到“Only+状语”的倒装句。比如在2008年高考的读写任务中,在写完写作要点后,我们可以来个总结:Onlywhenwearefullypreparedforcollegelifecanweadaptourselvestothenewenvironmentquickly.这样结尾水到渠成,文章首尾呼应,读来一气呵成,定能吸引评卷老师的眼球。特别要提醒考生注意的是,在运用上述句型中,如果only后面加的是状语从句,切记要把状语从句的引导词如if,when,after等带上去,否则就是错误的句子了。一、用所给词的适当形式填空或根据语境填入适当的助动词、连词或副词。1.Shehasn'treaditand________haveI.2.________youcomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenhim.3.Notonly________hecome,butalsohebroughtusgoodnews.4.Hard________hewasworking,hedidn'tpasstheexam.5.Bythewindow________(sit)ayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.6.Onceuponatimethere________(live)amanknownbythenameofBeef.7.Notuntiltherainstopped________heleavetheroom.norHaddidas/thoughsatliveddid8.Down________(come)therainandupwenttheumbrellas.9.Sofast________lighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.10.________hehere,wewouldhavenodifficultywithit.camedoesWere二、把下列句子变为倒装句。1.Ididn'trealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasteduntilIbegantowork.2.Youwillbeabletomasterthelanguageonlybypractisingafewhourseveryday.3.Ifheweretoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebySunday.NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.Onlybypractisingafewhourseverydaywillyoubeabletomasterthelanguage.Werehetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebySunday.4.Abigyellowdogliesinfrontofthefarmhouse.5.Hewassofrightenedinthedarknessthathedidn'tdaretomoveaninch.6.IknewlittlewhereitwouldleadmewhenItookthetrip.Infrontofthefarmhouseliesabigyellowdog.Sofrightenedwasheinthedarknessthathedidn'tdaretomoveaninch.LittledidIknowwhereitwouldleadmewhenItookthetrip.7.Henotonlymadeapromise,butalsohekeptit.Notonlydidhemakeapromise,butalsohekeptit.三、用适当的词填空,使其意思和结构完整。Itwasinthestreet.1.________hadtheboyseenmewhenhequicklyrantome,eagertosellhisbunchesofbananasandbagsofpeanut.Youngboy2.________heappearedtobe,heseemedtohavealreadyknownthebitternessoflife.“Ba
本文标题:2013年高考英语一轮总复习语法专题复习 8. 倒装课件
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