高中英语语法-被动语态详解课件-(共38张PPT)

被动语态WarmingupLoveToBeLovedByYou是一首旋律优美的英文歌曲，演唱者是美国流行歌手马克·特伦茨（MarcTerenzi）。2005年，Marc与德国歌手莎拉·寇娜（SarahConnor）结婚时，将这首歌作为爱的礼物献给妻子。Task1FilltheblankbythesongBaby,tellmehowcanItellyouThatIyoumorethanlifeShowmehowcanIshowyouThatI’mbyyourlightWhenyoutouchmeIcantouchyouTofindoutthedreamistrueItobelovedIneedtobeItobebyyouloveblindedlovelovedlovelovedSummary:主动or被动？主动被动ThatIloveyoumorethanlifeThatI’mblindedbyyourlightIlovetobelovedIneedtobelovedIlovetobelovedbyyou(一)语态分类(六)总结：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化(四)常见的八种时态中的被动语态(五)含有情态动词的被动语态：(二)被动语态的使用(三)主动语态变被动语态的方法(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.(主动)Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.(被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：be+及物动词的过去分词构成。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：现在进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：过去完成时：am/is/are+donewas/were+doneshall/will+bedoneam/is/are+being+donewas/were+being+donehave/has+been+donehad+been+done常见的八种时态中的被动语态1.一般现在时：(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.(2)Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.❶.Ifhe___enoughtime,hewillcomeupwithanidea.A.givesB.willgiveC.isgivenD.willbegiven❷.Anewfilmisgoingto___thisSunday.A.showB.showingC.beshownD.beshowingsummary主动语态S（主语）+v(动词)S(主语)+am/is/are+过去分词(done)一般现在时(simplepresent)：Task3GroupWork1一般过去时：一般将来时:情态动词:S+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+can/may/must/shoud+be+done(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态2.一般过去时：(1)Theyagreedonthebuildingofanewcarfactorylastmonth.Thebuildingofanewcarfactorywasagreedonlastmonth.(2)Thestudentsdidn'tforgethislessonseasily.Hislessonswerenoteasilyforgotten.(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态3.一般将来时：(1)Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.Carswillbesentabroadbysea.(2)Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool-leavers.❻.Ipromisethatthematterwill______.(NMET)A.betadencareB.betakencareofC.takecareD.takecareof析：takecareof…是固定短语，若无of则不可带宾语，只能跟that从句。所以此题答案为B。(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态5.现在进行时：(1)TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastedontheradio.(2)Wearepaintingtherooms.Theroomsarebeingpainted.❼.—Haveyougottheresultofthelastexamination?—Notyet.We’vebeentoldthatthepapers________.A.aremarkedB.arebeingmarkedC.havebeenmarkedD.weremarked此题答案应为B。❽.Wecan’tusethebridgenow,becauseit____.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态6.过去进行时：(1)Theworkersweremendingtheroad.Theroadwasbeingmended.(2)Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态7.现在完成时：(1)Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.(2)Hehasbroughthisbookhere.Hisbookhasbeenbroughthere.(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态8.过去完成时：(1)WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.(2)Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader.Alotofnewroads___builtinthewestofChina.A.mustB.mustbeC.hasD.have⑪.Hiscar___tomorrow.A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。(1)Youmusthandinyourcompositionsafterclass.Yourcompositionsmustbehandedinafterclass.(2)Hecanwriteagreatmanyletterswiththecomputer.Agreatmanyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.(五)主动语态变被动语态的方法Iboughtacomputerlastterm．Acomputerwasbought(byme)lastterm.宾(受动者)主谓Acomputerwasbought(byme)lastterm.Task42.谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义:1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。例Thiskindofclothwasheswell.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。翻译句子：1.这件外套容易干。2.尼龙（Nylon）容易清洗干净。3.这项计划进展地很好。Thiscoatdrieseasily.Nyloncleanseasily.Theplanworksoutwonderfully.2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：begin,finish,start,open,close,happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout(不能用于被动语态)等以主动形式表示被动意义。例Howdothenewspaperscomeout?Chinaisadevelopingcountry,(belong)totheThirdWorld.belonging1.Theshop(close)at6p.m.everyday.2.Work(begin)at7o'clockthismorning.3.Ourdreamsfinally(come)true.closesbeganwillcome3.非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义1.在need，want，require,bear,deserve等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。2．形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。Thehouseneedsrepairing(toberepaired)．.翻译句子：这所房子需要被修理。翻译句子：这本画书很值得读。Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading．.beworthyofbeingread．.beworthytobereadLead-in1.Visitors____________(request)nottotouchtheexhibits(展览品).2.I__________(give)tenminutestoreadthebooklastweekend.3.Allthepreparationsforthetask_______________(complete),andwe'rereadytostart.4.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_________________(complete)inBeijing.5.Anewcinema___________(build)herenow.6.Ameeting______________(hold)whenIwasthere.7.Hundredsofjobs______________(lose)ifthefactorycloses.arerequestedwasgivenhavebeencompletedhadbeencompletedisbeingbuiltwasbeingheldwillbelost