城市居家养老的社区服务问题研究――以北京市个案为例

首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文城市居家养老的社区服务问题研究——以北京市个案为例姓名：徐寒冰申请学位级别：硕士专业：社会保障指导教师：吕学静20100301IRIIAbstractTraditionally,theagedismainlysupportedbyhouseholdinChina.However,withthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety,ononehand,householdstructuredeeplychanged,andthefunctionofelders’homesupportinggetsweakened,ontheotherhand,elderssupportingsocialagencyhasvariousproblems,suchashighcost,insufficientfacilitiesandprofessionalworkers.Undersuchacircumstance,communityelderscarearemoreandmoreneeded,anditmakessensethatperfectinghome-basedcarefortheagedcommunityservicewhichishomefocused,andisguaranteedbygovernmentsupporting,societyparticipation,andmarketoperation.ThispapertakestheagedcareinBeijingasanexample.BasingonBeijingagedpopulationsurveyand“R”communityservicefortheagedcareinvestment,itanalysesthedemandsandcurrentconditionofcommunityserviceforhome-basedtheagedcare,further,itfindsoutthefactorsrestrictinghome-basedtheagedcarecommunityservicedevelopment.Consideringrelatedforeignexperience,thepapergivessuggestionsonperfectingcommunityserviceforhome-basedtheagedcare.Thispaperincludessixparts.PartI,Introduction.Thispartintroducesbackgroundandimportanceoftheresearch,definessomebasicconceptions,reviewsagodocuments,andtellsresearchmethods.PartII,CommunityServiceThesisAnalysis.PartIIIisthemainpartofthepaper.Itdeeplyanalysesthedemandsandcurrentconditionofcommunityserviceforhome-basedtheagedcare,further,itfindsoutthefactorsrestrictingitsdevelopment.PartIVintroducesforeignexperienceanditshelpforChina.PartV,Suggestions.PartVI,Conclusion.Keywords:TheagedincityHome-basedcarefortheagedCommunityserviceDemandofcarefortheaged.14311.12008601598912%65109568.380180510014.6%49.7%11..:,20092431.21.2.11.2.1.13431.2.1.2()2()1.2.21.2.2.1CommunityFerdinandTonnies1887(GemeinschaftundGesellschaft)32..200633..1999114431955G.A.946942030Community1986200023GeographicalCommunityFunctionalCommunity1.2.2.21986,,,1,2(Formalcareand4G.A...19556118543Informalcare)(3):561.31.3.1199820001999199720055..200539~106..199246431.3.220022006200720081.3.320051998199820052001200420007431.3.42006123456200920091.3.51.41.4.1843R1.4.2R22.19432.2205010432.3207020902080(themixedeconomyofwelfare)TWS=H+M+S(Evers)114331990103.13.1.1657%20081229.96021817.7%65162.213.2%8029.42.4%20072008607.83.7%17.3%17.7%653.42.1%13.1%13.2%801.76.1%2.3%2.4%73.1.1.119901990~20057.2008,2009124311199020056065()%()%()%1990200060.84.546.15.33002.52000200554.15.750.57.51562.2..20073.1.1.220051%20052005524.92000113.227.5%5%20052.720002.90.237.1%18.7%16.4%14.4%8.3%5.1%200026.9%200542.2%83.1.1.32005153820000~14185.313.6%20050~1415710.2%28.33.4200065114.88.4%20056516610.8%2820051%13432200020051465()%()%2000185.313.6114.88.4200515710.216610.820051%3.1.22000MoneyMental/MindMedicareManualSevice4M200020063.1.2.12.4%0.5%807.9%1.7%2099..,2003144312.510.56.9%9.210200611.9%63.1%3.1.2.283.3%84.6%/28.4%29.1%31.8%48.3%19.5%51.1%31.6%33%23.125.17.713.91.32.70.50.75.37.14.55.5200610..,200315433.1.2.329.1%25.5%55.1%31.2%4%71.0%73.0%41.6%42.9%26.5%4.6%39.7%60~6954.2%24.5%22%20.4%14.3%4.3%113.1.3112006164320084559347886821323354.520.51207.831.912405007+X520082405704729.8139615612.2009.,://~69470~794805585943.2.1.20011843410~697700~8005000020103.2.1.38050038964005800049000660194300700801101360003.2.2RR20048,3.2.2.1RR1232043RRR200540143.2.2.2501RRR22000R200314.,.,:.,2000,1243~4417,..:,200831127434.1.211,..:,2008,326196519741995199728431234.1.3196319821989101265313435,6198931304116043%18118...200882629432344.24.2.119632000199019654.2.230434.2.34.2.455.15.1.13143,5.1.25.1.35.25.2.132435.2.25.2.333435.35.3.15.3.25.3.334435.45.4.15.4.25.4.3354366.16.2R36436.33743R!3843[1]Adolf,D.Ratzka.IndependentLivingandAttendantCareinSweden,1991[2]Agarwala,Ramgopal.OldAgeSecurityPensionReforminChina.WorldBank,1997[3]Bar,D.M..CitizenParticipationinAmericanCommunity:StrategiesforSuccess.K&H.,1981[4]Cloutier-Fisher,Denise&E.Joseph,Alun.Long-termCareRestructuringinRuralOntario:RetrievingCommunityServiceUserandProviderNarratives.SocialScience&Medicine,2000[5]C.H.Bursell.UnderstandingSociety:IntroductiontoSociology.Haper&RowPublisher,1984[6]Dixon,John.SocialWelfareinDevelopedMarketCountries.Routledge,1989[7]Holzmann,Robert.NewIdeasAboutOldAgeSecurity:TowardSustainablePensionSystemsinthe21stCentry.WorldBank,2001[8]NASW.EncyclopaediaofSocailWork.NASWPress,1999[9]Pierson,Paul.TheNewPoliticsoftheWelfareState.OxfordUniversityPress,2000[10]Spicker,P.SocialPolicy.PrenticeHall,1995[11]Thane,P..TheFoundationoftheWelfareState.Longman,1996[12]Timms,D.W.G..TheUrbanMosaic.CambridgeUniversityPress,1971[13]WorldBank.AvertingtheOldAgeCrisisPoliciestoProtesttheOldandPromoteGrowth.OxfordUniversityPr