牛津译林八年级下册8B-Unit1-知识点整理

牛津译林八年级下册8B-Unit1-知识点整理1/48BUnit1知识点解析与练习1.pastandpresent过去和现在past1).n.inthepast(一般过去时)2).adj.inthepastfewyears(现在完成时)3).prep.walkpast经过=____________present1).n.现在,目前atpresent2).n.礼物receiveapresent收到一件礼物2.inthebowl在碗里;ontheplate在盘子上3.1).过去常常做某事(现在不做了)usedtodosth.=oftendidsth.inthepastusedtobe…=…was/wereonce…=was/were…inthepast和某人分享某物sharesth.withsb.Eg.Youoftensharedfoodwithmeinthepast.=You___________________foodwithme.Youusedtobesokindtome.=You___________________tome________________.2).习惯于,适应于(做)某事be/getusedto(doing)sth.(现在仍如此做)我习惯于上午六点起床。I____________________________upat6a.m.3).区分：usedtodosth.过去常常做某事(现在不做)get/beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事(to为介词)4.just1).adv.刚才(现在完成时)I’vejusteatenit.2).adv.正好,恰好(加强语气)Theshirtisjustmysize.这件衬衫正和我的尺码。3).justnow刚刚,刚才(一般过去时);5.change1).v./n.改变,变化changesin/to………的变化Thetownhaschangedalotovertheyears.(v.)=Therehavebeengreatchangesovertheyears.(n.)=Greatchangeshavetakenplaceovertheyears.2).n.[U]零钱.Hereisyourchange.这是你的零钱。6.transport[U]交通车辆,运输工具bus-buses;coach-coaches,acoachstation;plane-gotosp.byplane=flytosp.=______________.7.time1).[C]时代atdifferenttimes在不同的时代2).[C]次数,倍数sometimes几次3).[U]时间sometime一些时间区分:sometime某时(将来或过去)；sometimes有时=fromtimetotime=attimes归纳:intime及时；ontime按时；atthesametime同时；allthetime一直；8.goaroundthecity环游这个城市牛津译林八年级下册8B-Unit1-知识点整理2/49.interviewn./v.采访interviewsb.(v.)=haveaninterviewwithsb.(n.)=___________________________sb.10.movehouse搬家moveaway搬走moveto搬往moveinto搬进moveoutof搬出11.putthewasteintotheriver把废弃物排入河中1).put…into…把…放进…putdown放下putoff推迟,拖延putout扑灭putup张贴,搭建,举起putone’sheartinto全神贯注于puton穿上putaway收起来，放好2).wasten.[U].废弃物v.浪费wastetime/money反save节省12.第一次first=forthefirsttime即主语+firstdidsth.=主语+didsth.forthefirsttime一开始atfirst13.northn.northernadj.south-southern;west-western;east-easterninthenorthof=inthenorthernpartof14.marryv.结婚(三单_________;过去式_________;现在分词__________)marriedadj.结婚的AmarryB=AgetmarriedtoB=AandBgetmarried15.overtheyears这些年overthepastcentury在上个世纪中数年前________________16.turn1).v.变得turngreen2).turn…into…把…变成….turninto变成turnon打开turnoff关上turnup调高音量;出现turndown调低音量;拒绝turnto转向,求助于turntosb.forhelp向某人求助3).n.轮流taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事17.pollutev.污染n.pollutionair/water/noisepollutionadj.polluted被污染的1).Thelittleboygotsickbecauseofthe________________(pollute)water.2).Weshouldstoppeople____________(pollute)waterbecausethewater______________(pollute)hasbeentooserious.18.factoryn.工厂(pl.factories)asteelfactory19.realize/realisev.意识到realizetheproblem;实现realizeone’sdream20.improvev.改善(即make…better)n._________________situation[C]采取措施来改善情况_______________________________________________Tomakeyourlifebetterinthefuture,youshouldstudyhardnow.To______________yourlifeinthefuture,youshouldstudyhardnow.牛津译林八年级下册8B-Unit1-知识点整理3/421.在某种程度上__________________在某人回家的路上___________________________顺便问一下________________做某事的方式_______________________妨碍,挡道inthe/one’sway22.像以前一样…as…asbefore尽可能_________________像以前一样经常______________23.打牌和中国象棋________________________________24.alone独自一人(无感情色彩)1).adj.Iamalone.2).adv.独自居住______________lonelyadj.孤独的,寂寞的(感情上的)比较级____________最高级____________当小男孩独自待在家时，他常常觉得孤单。Whenthelittleboy________________________,heoften_____________________.25.在某人一生中_____________________我们一生_________________________26.PresentPerfectTense现在完成时1.用法：1).动作发生在过去，并持续到现在；2).动作发生在过去,并对现在有影响3).表达曾有过或未有过的经历2.结构:has/havedone3.句式:肯定句:主语has/havedonesth.否定句:主语has/havenotdonesth.一般疑问句:---Has/Have主语donesth?---Yes,主语has/have.---No,主语hasn’t/haven’t.小题狂做:()1.Ican’tfindmynotebookanywhere.I’mafraidI__________it.A.loseB.lostC.havelostD.waslosing()2.Inthepastfewyears,manyschools________thewaysofdoingmorningexercises.A.changeB.changesC.willchangeD.havechanged()3.Wow!You_________dinner!Let’seatnow.A.cookB.arecookingC.willcookD.havecooked()4.---Paul,I’mbusycooking.Canyougivemeahand?---Justaminute.I______myemail.A.amcheckingB.willcheckC.havecheckedD.waschecking()5.Ourteam______anotherpoint!Iamsurewewillwinthegame.A.willgetB.hasgotC.isgettingD.wasgetting()6.Iheardanewsongontheradio.I_______highandlowinthemusicstore,butIcan’tfindit.A.searchB.havesearchedC.amsearchingD.willsearch()7.Thismuseum______hereforover80years.It____oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthiscity.A.is;wasB.hadbeen;isC.was;hasbeenD.hasbeen;is27.environment环境[U]保护环境protecttheenvironmentcondition环境,条件,状况[C]居住条件______________________28.borrow向某人借某物borrowsthfromsb.=borrowone’ssth牛津译林八年级下册8B-Unit1-知识点整理4/4lend借给lendsbsth=lendsthtosb.---CanI____________(借)yourpen?---Sorry.Ican’t____________(借)youthepenbecauseI____________________(借)ittoAmy.29.return1).vi.返回(不可与back连用)从…回来returnfrom=__________________回到某地returntosp.2).vt.归还=giveback把某物还给某人returnsth.tosb.回到故乡后，他把书还给了学校图书馆。After_________________thehometown,he_________________________theschoollibrary.30.last1).adv.最近,上一次；最后lastdidsth=didsth.forthelasttime2).adj.最后的Simonissohard-workingthatheisalwaysthefirst__________(come)andthelast__________(leave).31.在小学_________________________32.touch1).vt.触摸三单____________禁止触摸Notouching.2).n.接触互相保持联系__________________________________33.通过电子邮件byemail34.communicatevi.&vt.交流,交际n.c