解析高考英语长难句

解析高考英语阅读中的长难句解析高考英语阅读中的长难句Hewhoisgoodatreadingwillconquertheworld.1.回忆三种基本句子类型2.长难句的类型及分析方法3.长难句分析练习(1)Havingsufferedanumberofhealthproblems,formerOlympicPresidentSamaranchdiedonApril21inBarcelona.(2)Wetookpityonthepeopleinthedisaster-hitareainYushuandmanystudentsraisedmoneyforthem.(3)TheInternetisanexcitingtoolthatnotonlyputsvastinformationatyourfingertipsbutexpandsoptions.简单句复合句并列句Samaranchdied_______________________________________________________________m句中出现多个连词，句法关系复杂非谓语动词形式较多含有多个同位语或同位语从句，而且较长从句较多主干中穿插多个插入语或从句倒装句、省略句、被动句等句式较多长难句明晰句子结构，把握句子的基本框架。A.判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；B.找出句子的主干成分(主语和谓语)，分清句子附属成分，理解句子大意。C.层层分析，层层剥离结构分析法方法一：较复杂单句的处理方法—①However,manyscientistswhospecializeinageingaredoubtfulaboutitandsaythehumanbodyisjustnotdesignedtolastpastabout120years.此句的主语为______________，主句有_____个谓语，即_________________。主语里面包含了一个由_______引导的定语从句。manyscientistswho两aredoubtful和say找主谓语，即找主干成分②HisparentsrecognizedhisintelligenceanddecidedtoenrollhiminLakeside,aprivateschoolknownforitsintenseacademicenvironment.此句的主语为____________,____________________作谓语。aprivateschool是Lakeside的_________.hisparentsrecognized和decided同位语③Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturingofcleanandsafeproductstheirmainsellingpointandemphasizeitintheiradvertising.一些公司已经把洁净安全产品的生产当作他们主要的卖点，并且在他们的广告宣传中强调这一点。方法二：并列句的处理方法——①Thehotsunhadcausedthedough(面团)todoubleinsizeandfermentingyeast(酵母)madethesurfaceshakeandsighasthoughitwasbreathing.本句是由__________连接的两个并列句，本句中有________个主语，即_____________________________,谓语为______________________________。and两thehotsun和fermentingyeasthadcaused和made找并列连词，各个突破②MissGermaine’smotherlookedanxiousthroughtheweddingandMr.Cordell’sparentsarereportedtobelessthandelighted.本句话中也有两个主语，MissGermaine’smother和Mr.Cordell’sparents,分别有自己的谓语looked,arereported,也是由and连接的两个并列句单句改错Ingeneral,women’sfriendshipswitheachotherrestonsharedemotionsandsupport,men’srelationshipsaremarkedbysharedactivities.∧but方法三：主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词,分析从句，理解句意①Whereasawoman’sclosestfemalefriendmightbethefirsttotellhertoleaveafailingmarriage，itwasn’tunusualtohearamansaythathedidn’tknowthathisfriend’smarriagewasinserioustroubleuntilheappearedonenightaskingifhecouldsleeponthesofa.宾语从句…,itwasn’tunusualtohearamansaythathedidn’tknowthathisfriend’smarriagewasinserioustroubleuntilheappearedonenightaskingifhecouldsleeponthesofa.宾语从句时间状语从句宾语从句Whereasawoman’sclosestfemalefriendmightbethefirsttotellhertoleaveafailingmarriage，itwasn’tunusualtohearamansaythathedidn’tknowthathisfriend’smarriagewasinserioustroubleuntilheappearedonenightaskingifhecouldsleeponthesofa.一个女子最亲密的女性朋友可能会第一个劝她离开失败的婚姻，而一个男人呢，我们常常可以听见他们说，他根本不知道他朋友的婚姻出大问题了，直到有天晚上朋友跑来问是不是可以睡下沙发。方法四：并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句MorethanthreemillionpeopleliveinInnerLondon,andnearlyfivemillionpeopleliveinthesurroundingsuburbanarea,whichismadeupofformerlyseparatevillages.此句由and连接的两个并列分句组成。后一个分句是主从复合句，其中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰限定area.youaskpeopletonameonepersonhadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”,“SamuelJohnson”,and“Webster”,noneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamandidn’tevenspeakEnglish—William,theConqueror.butIfwhowho方法五：含有插入语的句子这种句子的特点是在正常的句子中插入一些或长或短的成分或句子，比如同位语（从句）、非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等，打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解上的困难。我们称之为“打岔”。有时有逗号或破折号分开，忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题.具体步骤1.两个破折号之间和两个逗号之间的句子先不读2.定语状语先不读3.作主干成分的从句只设置标志然后回头再读Perhapsalcoholismanddrugaddictionreallyare“diseases”,asmanypeoplesay,butmyownfeeling——based,ofcourse,notonanyseriousstudy——isthatmostalcoholicsanddrugaddictsbelongtothe“undeservingpoor.”①酒瘾和毒瘾都是病②我个人的感觉是thatThelackofrightmale(男性的)rolemodelsinmanyoftheirlives—athomeandparticularlyintheschoolenvironment(环境)—meansthattheirpeersaretheonlypeopletheyhavetojudgethemselvesagainst.(2008辽宁卷C篇)译文：在他们很多人的生活中，如在家里，尤其是在学校，缺少合适的男性榜样，这就意味着他们只好对照自己的同龄人来评判自己。——ThistrendbeganduringtheSecondWorldWar,whenseveralgovernmentscametothisconclusionthatthespecificdemandsthatagovernmentwantstomakeofitsscientificestablishmentcannotgenerallybeforeseenindetail.Thistrendbegan.….,whenseveralgovernmentscametothisconclusionthatthespecificdemandsthatagovernmentwantstomakeofitsscientificestablishmentcannotgenerallybeforeseenindetail.同位语从句支招：找最后一个从句后的第二个谓语动词（或系动词），该动词即为上一个从句（或主句）中的成分，该动词前即为最后一个从句中的全部成分。定语从句TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy,havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.Whyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasingpopular?A.MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.B.Thepriceofoilislowerthanbefore.C.There’sagrowingneedforfruits.D.Thecostoflivingisontherise.√长难句之方法总结1.较复杂单句的处理方法------找主谓语，即找主干成分2.并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词3.主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词4.并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句5.含有插入成分的句子------忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题1.MobilephoneSIMcardswhichareputinthecollars(项圈)ofelephantsautomaticallysendatextmessagewhentheygettooclosetofarms,allowingwildlifeworkerstodrivethemoffratherthanshootthem.2.Iwasdiscussingthisproblemrecentlywithacolleaguewhohadbeenbeatinghisheadagainstthewallformonthstryingtogetastoryaboutamysterious“darkforce”incosmology(宇宙学)pasteditorsatNewYorker.长难句之小试牛刀篇___________________________________________________