英语专业四级词汇、语法终稿[1].pot

LOGO英语专业四级考试词汇语法篇完型填空•1.考试大纲要求：•能在全面理解所给内容的基础上，选择一个最佳答案使短文意思和结构恢复完整。完型填空采用多项选择题，共20题（1996至2004年期间的试题为15个空），考试时间15分钟。短文长度约250个单词，难度中等，题材为学生所熟悉。测试学生运用语言的综合能力。完型填空项目原始分20分，所占总分比重为10%。•2.历年考试与考点分析•完型填空涉及的文章体裁较广泛，包括英语国家的地理历史、发展现状、文化传统、风俗习惯、科技成果等。主要测试三类题：语法题、词汇题和上下文线索题。语法与词汇•1.考试大纲要求：•能灵活、正确地运用教学大纲语法结构表一级至四级的全部内容，掌握大纲规定的基础阶段认知词汇（5500-6000），并且能正确、熟练地运用其中3000-4000个单词及其最基本的搭配。•测试时间为15分钟，题型为多项选择题，共30道题，每题有四个选择项，其中50%为词汇、词组和短语用法题，其余为语法结构题。测试学生运用词汇、短语、语法结构以及基本语法概念的能力。语法与词汇项目原始分30分，所占总分比重为15%。语法与词汇•2.历年考试与考点分析•语法部分•根据下面分析可以发现，历年英语专业四级考试语法与词汇部分中的语法试题主要围绕着10项语法点。其中，考试重点与难点集中在从属分句、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、情态动词、动词时态等语法知识点的应用上。题型年份从属分句非谓语动词虚拟语气情态动词动词时态冠词/代词附加疑问句倒装并列结构强调其他总计19964411111199732319199862111019997221122000321111920016118200261211112003621111113200432311111200532312311520063131211114总计501720610641313121所占比重41.32%14.05%16.53%4.96%8.26%4.96%3.31%0.83%2.48%0.83%2.48%语法—主谓一致•1.Thestatistics______thatlivingstandardsintheareahaveimproveddrasticallyinrecenttimes.(2006TEM4-62)•A.provesB.isproving•C.areprovingD.prove•2.____ofthetwinswasarrested,becauseIsawbothatapartylastnight.(2002-42)•A.NoneB.Both•C.NeitherD.AllDC主谓一致要点•随前一致：n.+togetherwithn2aswellas；including；alongwith；with/of；accompaniedwith/by•就近原则：n1orn2+v（就近原则）eithern1orn2•可数n1and可数n2+v(pl)不可数n1and不可数n2+v(pl)例外：warandpeaceis…warandpeace是一个整体但是如果主语表示的是同一个概念，同一人，同一事的时候，谓语动词用单数，这种结构的特征是and连接的两个词只有一个冠词。•Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourcountry.•Theheadmasterandmathematicalteacheriscoming.•Theheadmasterandthemathematicalteacherarecoming.•类似的还有：lawandorder；breadandbutter；blackandwhite；Toloveandtobelovedis…；；Alawyerandateacherare…；Alawyerandteacheris…•随后原则：notAbutB/notonlyAbutalsoB+v.(与B一致)•百分比结构：most,half,rest,some,majority,one+persentof+n1+v.（由n1决定）语法—时态•1.Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe______us.Ithinkit’shightimewe___strongactionsagainsthim.(2005TEM4-60)•A.betrayed…takeB.hadbetrayed…took•C.hasbetrayed…tookD.hadbetrayed…take•2.HowcanIeverconcentrateifyou_____continually____mewithsillyquestions?(1997)•A.have…interruptedB.had…interrupted•C.are…interruptingD.were…interruptingBC语法—时态•3.Comeandseemewhenever______.(97)•A.youareconvenient•B.youwillbeconvenient•C.itisconvenienttoyou•D.itwillbeconvenienttoyou时态要点•1.掌握不同时态的标志词•如：与完成时连用的时间状语：allthiswhile,allthisyear,forsometime,sofar,already,before,just,long,yet等•2.掌握不同时态的特殊用法•一般现在时表将来：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when,until,after,before,assoonas,once,themoment/theminute,theday;条件：if,unless,provided.Ifheacceptsthejob,hewillgetmoremoneysoon.•正在进行时表示将来：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词。即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。常用动词有：go,leave,come,arrive,land,meet,move,return,start,stay,stop等。时态要点•3.记住不同时态的典型句型•在Itisthe+序数词/形容词最高级+that的定语从句中，谓语动词常用现在完成时。如：•Itisn’tthefirsttimethatIhavefoundmyselfinanembarrassingsituation.•在nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when/before…句型中，主句常用过去完成时。•HardlyhadIgotonthebuswhenitstartedtomove.非谓语•1.____isnotaseriousdisadvantageinlife.(2001)•A.TobenottallB.Nottobetall•C.BeingnottallD.Notbeingtall•2.Ifnot_____withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-temperedandgrumblesallthetime.(2004)•A.beingtreatedB.treated•C.betreatedD.havingbeentreated•3.Heresented_____towait.Heexpectedtheminister_____himatonce.(1995)•A.tobeasked,tosee•B.beingasked,tosee•C.tobeasked,seeing•D.beingasked,seeingDBB真题•1.What'sthechanceof__ageneralelectionthisyear?(2005--61)•A.therebeingB.theretobeC.therebeD.theregoingtobe•2.Consideringthedangeroussituation,theyaskedfor_________anothermeeting.•A.therebeB.theretobeC.therebeingD.therewasAB非谓语要点不定式(infinitive)动名词（gerund）分词（participle）非谓语动词非谓语动词要点•1.熟悉用不定式作宾补的常见动词：•adviseallowappointbelievecausechallengecommandcompelconsiderdeclaredriveenableencouragefindforbidforceguessgethireimagineimpelinduceinforminstructinvitejudgeknowlikeorderpermitpersuaderemindreportrequestrequireselectsendstatesupposetellthinktraintrustunderstandurgewarnaskbegexpectintendpretendsayteachwant•2.熟悉“动词＋doing”结构的常见动词：•resentunderstandsuggeststandresentpostponepardonpermitnecessitatemindmissmentioninvolveincludeimaginefinishfavourforbidexcuseescapeenjoyacknowledgeadviceadvocateappreciateavoidconsidercompleteconfessdelaydeny非谓语动词要点•3.不定式作状语时常用的句型•(1)inorderto和soastodo(以便，为了):•(2)too……todo……(非常……以至于不能……)•(3)……enoughtodo……(足以做……)•(4)onlytodo……(不料却……)•4.现在分词、过去分词弄清逻辑主语•(1)._________manytimes,hestilldidn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughtobetoldC.HavingtoldD.Hewastold•(2)._________manytimes,buthestilldidn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhewastoldC.TohavebeentoldD.Hewastold非谓语动词要点•5.熟悉独立主格•22.Time_____,thecelebrationwillbeheldasscheduled.(2003)•A.permitB.permitting•C.permittedD.per