高考英语语法复习非谓语动词之过去分词

高考英语语法复习非谓语动词之过去分词过去分词一般表示被动和完成的动作。一、作表语be/系动词+-ed分词常用来做表语的过去分词常由能激起人们某种情感变化的动词转化而来。如：amuseamazeastonishboredisappointfrighteninspireinterestsatisfysurprisetireworry等Shelookeddisappointed.Thewindowisbroken.Weweresurprisedatthenews.二、作定语(往往与所修饰名词构成被动关系）单个过去分词作定语，放在所修饰的名词前；过去分词短语作定语，放在所修饰名词后。writtenlanguagespokenEnglishpollutedwateranorganizedtripthemeetingheldlastweekadollgivenbyaunt一些过去分词作定语修饰名词仅表示完成意义，不表示被动。aretiredworker=aworkerwhohasretiredanescapedprisoner=aprisonerwhohasescapedfallenleaves=leavesthathavefallenagrownman=amanwhohasgrown过去分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句，但它比定语从句结构更简洁。将下列定语从句改成过去分词短语作定语的句子。1.SoonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomerwhoiscalledLiQiang.2.IamgoingtobuyapaintingwhichiscopiedfromVincentvanGogh.SoonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomercalledLiQiang.IamgoingtobuyapaintingcopiedfromVincentvanGogh.3.Thecastlewhichwasbuiltin1432isunderrepair.4.Theroomwhichisconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassageiscompletelyempty.Thecastlebuiltin1432isunderrepair.Theroomconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassageiscompletelyempty.用所给的词语的适当形式填空1.Helooksvery________(excite).2.Shefoundthedoor_______(close).3.Haveyounoticedthe____________(surprise)expressiononhisface?4.Whatcametouswas__________(surprise)news.5.Iwasreally_________(shock)atthenews.6.Thegroundis________(cover)withsnow.7.Wealllikethelectures___________(give)byMr.Song.excitedclosedsurprisedsurprisingshockedcoveredgiven三、作宾语补足语（v+sb./sth.+done)过去分词作宾补的常见类型：1.用在感官动词see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后面Hesuddenlynoticedhimselffollowedbyastranger.Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacarjustnow.Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheraindrops.2.用在get,make,have等使役动词后面Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.Theoldmangothiseyesexaminedyesterday.Wemusthavetheworkfinishedbeforethestormcomes.havesth.done的三种含义使某事被做（自己做）Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.使某事被做（请别人做）Ihavemycarrepaired.遭遇某种不幸Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.3.用在keep,leave等表示“使…处于（某种状态）的词后面Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.Hepassedaway,leavinghisworksunfinished.4.用在expect,wouldlike,want,wish,order等表示”愿望，命令“的词后面Theteacherwouldn’tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.Iwishthepapershandedoutsoon.5.with+sb./sth.+done的用法Witheverythingbought,heleftthestoreandwenthome.Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.Withthewaterheated,wecanseethesteam.表示被动，已发生表示主动（正在发生）(主动或被动）表示未发生Withhishomeworkfinished,hecouldgoouttoplay.Withsomuchworkfillingmymind,Ialmostbreakdown.Withmuchhomeworktodo,Ican'tgooutwithyoutonight.用适当形式填空1.Theoldmangothisoldhouse_______(pull)down.2.Hefoundhisvaluablewatch_______(steal).3.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutcouldn’tmakehimself_________(hear).4.Witheverythingwell_______(arrange),helefttheoffice.5.Hehadhispocket_______(pick)inthesupermarket.6.Allofussawtheboy_______(break)thewindow.pulledstolenheardarrangedpickedbroken1.Iwishthework______thisweek.A.finishB.finishedC.tofinishD.finishing2.Wehadhadthemachine______beforeyoucame.A.repairingB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired3.Theboyhadhisleg_____bythedogwhenhewasplayingwithit.A.bitB.bitingC.bittenD.tobite4.Seeinghishouse______andmanythings_____,hedialed110atonce.A.brokeninto;stealingB.brokeninto;stolenC.breakinginto;stolenD.breakinginto;stealing5.Don’tleavethewater_____whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun四、作状语(逻辑主语和主句主语一致）1.作时间状语（相当于when引导的从句）Seenfromthehill,theparklooksbeautiful.Askedwhoshewas,shesaidshewasMr.John’sfriend.2.作原因状语（相当于because，as等引导的从句）Frightenedbytheloudnoise,Iwentouttoseewhatwashappening.Deeplymovedbythestory,theexcitedpeoplestoppedarguingwitheachother.3.作条件状语（相当于if引导的从句）Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.Heated,waterchangesintosteam.4.作让步状语（相当于though，although等引导）Defeatedforasecondtime,hestilldidn’tgivein.5.作方式或伴随状语Themanenteredtheroom,followedbyadog.过去分词作状语时，前面往往带有when,if,while,though,evenif等连词，这样就能是过去分词所表示的意思更加明确。Evenifinvited,Iwon’tgo.Whencomparedwiththesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.1._____bythebeautyofnature,thegirlformLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted2.______time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogivenC.GivingD.Given3.______withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface4.______inhistask,theoldmandidn’tnoticethewomanenterhisoffice.A.AbsorbedB.AbsorbingC.AbsorbsD.Toabsorb5.Though_____ofthedanger,hestillwentskatingonthethinice.A.warningB.towarnC.warnD.warned