高考英语语法教学课件-It的用法

1.it作人称代词,代替前面提到的事物.2.it指代时间,季节,距离.3.it作形式宾语,常用在6123结构中.(think,find,make,believe,…)4.it作形式主语.当动名词,不定式,从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语.5.Itis…that….的强调句型.内容提要1．代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。例如：－Whoisthebaby?－It’smyteacher’sson．－Whoisthatgentleman?－It’smyfriend,Tom．He(不可用It)wantstoseeyou．【典型例题】(NMET2001)TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.whichB2．用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。◆It’shalfanhour’swalkfromheretoourschool．◆It’sniceandwarmhere．Butit’stwoo’clocknow,andit’stimeforustogotoschool．注意下列几种表示时间的句型①.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that...◆It’shightimethatweleft.②.Itisthefirst(second...)timethat...◆It’sthefirsttimethatIhavebeenpraised.③.Itis....since...◆It’sthreeyearssincetheygotmarried.④.Itis/was...when...◆Itwas1949whenthePRCwasfounded.⑤.Itis/was...before...◆Itwillbetwoyearsbeforewemeetagain.3.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“6123结构”。6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；1指的是形式宾语it；2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语,动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。4.Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.此句型中的真正主语是不定式短语，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词，常见的形容词有：①important,necessary,natural②easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,rare,impossible,pleasant在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，如：Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometothepartyIt作形式主语时的几个常见句型:①.Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.该句型中的不定式如果须要逻辑主语，则须要前置介词of,而句型中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有：bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good（好心的）,honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice（有教养的）,polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong这个句型可以改写为：sb.iskindtodosth.②.Ittakessb....todosth.“做…要花某人…”◆Ittookmeagestorepairmycomputer.③.Itisnogood(use)doingsth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是nogood,nouse,novalue,noimportance…◆It’snousecryingoverthespiltmilk.④.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether(if)...＂不论（是否）…没关系…◆Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheisformyplanornot.⑤.Ithappens(seems,appears)that...◆IthappenedthatIhadseenthisprobleminsomebook.⑥.Itissaid(reported,learned....)that...“据说”（据报道，据悉．．．）◆ItissaidthathehasgonetoNewYorktoattendamedicalmeeting.⑦.Itisapity(ashame...)that...◆Itisapitythatwehavelostthematchwithaclosescore.⑧.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural...)that...记住that后的从句应用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去．⑨.Itissuggested(ordered...)that...that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省．常译为＂据建议；有命令…）⑩.Itisuptosb.todosth.该句型为“该由某人做…”。该句型中up后的to是介词。◆Itisuptohimtocleanourclassroomtoday.今天应由他做教室清洁。◆Itisuptoparentstoteachtheirchildrenmanners.该由父母教孩子礼貌。5.Itis+被强调部分+that...将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后．被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语．强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用．如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子．这也是与其它从句区别判断的方法．注意:Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...强凋“直到…才…”，需将not置于until之前1.Itwasabout600yearsago______thefirstclockwithfaceandanhourhandwasmade．(NMET97，单项填空)A．thatB．untilC．beforeD．when2.____computersplaysuchanimportantpartinourdailylife?A．WhyitisthatB．WhyisitthatC．WhywasitthatD．WhyisitBA3.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently____Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty．A．untilB．thatC．thenD．so4.Itwashowtheyoungmanhadlearnedfiveforeignlanguages______attractedtheaudience’sinterest.A.sothatB.thatC.whatD.inwhichBB