新概念2lesson21

Lesson21Madornot?Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语madadj发疯的madadj发疯的1.sb.bemad2.“为……而疯狂（着迷）”的表示方法：a.bemadabout…I'mmadaboutEnglish.b.becrazyabout…c.gobananas（go+adj.变得……)Theyaregoingbananas.=goingcrazy=goingmad(变疯了)Islowlygocrazy/gomad/gobananas.3.bemadatsb生某人的气reasonn.原因forthisreason由于这个原因Forthisreason,Iwaslate.由于这个原因，我迟到了。Forwhatreason?是为了什麽原因？bringsb.toreason使某人讲理sumn.量alargesumof:大量的，喜欢跟钱连用一大笔钱alargesumofmoneysumn.量•plentyof，alotof，lotsof，aquantityof，quantitiesof，asupplyof,suppliesof,amassof,massesof•可与可数名词和不可数名词连用•anumberof，avarietyof,agood/greatmany,agreatnumberof•后接可数名词复数•agood/greatmanyof•后面的名词复数前要有the/these/those/one's•agreatamountof，amountsof，agreat/gooddealof•后接不可数名词•a(large)sumof修饰货币determinedadj坚定的，下决心的bedeterminedtodosth.下决心做某事表示下决心做某事，句型知多少？makeupone’smindtodosthdecidetodosthmakeadecisiontodosth课文讲解Madornot?1、Madornot?=madornotmad?ornot在疑问词的后面，表示“是还不是”，选择概念2、Aeroplanesareslowlydrivingmemad.1).aeroplane=airplane飞机2).drivesbmad把某人逼疯（难点P94)e.g.Youaredrivingmemad.e.g.Theteacherisslowlydrivingmemad.drive–drove–driven开车driveinto赶进…driveback撵回driveoutof把…赶出去3、Ilivenearanairportandpassingplanescanbeheardnightandday.nightandday日日夜夜，夜以继日passingplanes过往飞机（passing是现在分词，作定语，起形容词作用，修饰planes，“经过的(路过)，过往的”）Heforgotthemanwithpassingtime.随着时间的消逝，他忘掉了那个人。sleepingbaby正在睡觉的小孩waitingcar正在等待的车4、Theairportwasbuiltyearsago,butforsomereasonitcouldnotbeusedthen.1)years前面不加确定的数词时，一般表示“许多年”yearsago=manyyearsago，weeks等的用法与它相似Ihavenotseenhimforweeks.2)forsomereason由于某个理由some+可数名词单数：某一somebooksome+可数名词复数：一些somebookssome+不可数名词：一些somewaterI’lltellyousomeday.We’lltalkaboutitsomeothertime.我们改日再谈这件事。5.Lastyear,however,itcameintouse.Overahundredpeoplemusthavebeendrivenawayfromtheirhomesbythenoise.1)comeintouse:投入使用comeinto:进入得到、获得财富e.g.Theyputthismethodintouse.e.g.Thismethodcomesintouse.e.g.Thismethodisputintouse.2)over=morethan3)awayfrom离开4)Home,family与house的区别（P94难点）home:家,强调有感情;house仅仅指房子;family:家人home=family+house6.Iamoneofthefewpeopleleft.SometimesIthinkthishousewillbeknockeddownbyapassingplane.Ihavebeenofferedalargesumofmoneytogoaway,butIamdeterminedtostayhere.1).oneof的用法（3点）+名词复数+谓语动词的单数+形容词的最高2）left表示被留下来的，leave过去分词,left作定语后置left剩下的……东西，相当于“Whoareleft(bytheothers)其他人走了留下他们”Ihaveabagleft.Thereistencentsleftinmypocket.（cent[sent]n.(货币单位)分,分币）3）knockdown拆散，撞倒offerv.提供（相当于given）双宾语的被动语态中，主语有两种可能;以sb.做主语或以sth.做主语givesb.sth.——被动sb.begivensth.givesth.tosb.——被动sth.begiventosb.双宾语在变被动时用离动词最近的宾语做主语原文句型结构sb.beofferedsth.7.EverybodysaysImustbemadandtheyareprobablyright.1）Everybody不定代词作主语谓语动词用单数2）mustbe表对现在事实的肯定推测•动词语态•英语动词有两种语态•主动语态：主语是动作的执行者•被动语态：主语是动作的承受者•ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主动语态)•Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态)模仿上列句子连词成句1.Silk,produce,inHangzhou.2.Cars,make,inTianjin.3.tea,grow,inFujian.4.English,speak,inAustralia.5.Glass,produce,inGermany.6.Ships,make,inJapan.被动语态构成•助动词+及物动词的过去分词•（be+P.P.)以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式时态主动语态被动语态(be+过去分词）一般现在时see/seesam(is,are)+seen一般过去时sawwas(were)+seen一般将来时will(shall)+seewill(shall)+be+seen(过去将来时)would(should)+seewould(should)+be+seen现在进行时am(is,are)+seeingam(is,are)+being+seen(过去进行时)was(were)+seeingwas(were)+being+seen现在完成时have(has)+seenhave(has)+been+seen(过去完成时)had+seenhad+been+seen含情态动词情态动词+see情态动词+be+seen肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。CarsaremadeinChangchun.CarsarenotmadeinChangchun.---ArecarsmadeinChangchun?(---Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.)Wherearecarsmade?p26被动语态使用方法•Whencanweusethepassivevoice?1.不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。•Mybikewasstolenlastnight.•Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。•ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.•Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.•3.为了更好地安排句子Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一个主语就够了）•4.在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：•Ihaveanewskirt.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyaunt.主动语态改为被动语态的方法•将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。•将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构。•将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。将下列句子改成被动语态。•1.WeuseEnglishasaforeignlanguage.→•Englishisusedasaforeignlanguage(byus)•2.PeoplewritebusinesslettersinEnglish→•Businesslettersarewritten(bypeople)inEnglish.•3.TheymaketelephonecallsinEnglish.→•Telephonecallsaremade(bythem)inEnglish.•4.TravelersandbusinesspeopleuseEnglish.→•Englishisusedbytravelersandbusiness.•5.FarmersgrowriceinZhejiang.→•RiceisgrownbyfarmersinZhejiang主动语态变为被动语态时注意1.含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况:2.EgHegavetheboyanapple.→(1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变:Theboywasgivenanapple(2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要加to或for.Anapplewasgiventotheboy.(give,pass,show,send---to)(buy,draw,make,----for)1.含双宾语的被动Myfathergavemeanewbookonmybirthday.----Anewbookwasgiventome(bymyfather)----Iwasgivenanewbook(bymyfather)….2.不带的to不定式,改为被动语态时不定式前要加to.Theywatchedthechildrensing.→Thechildrenwerewatchedtosing.3.短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏.Wemusttakegoodcareoftheyoungtrees.→Youngtreesmustbetakengoodcareof.4.带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语.Hecuthishairshort.→Hishairwascutshort.Theytoldhimtohelpme.→Hewastoldtohelpme.5.注意:不及物动词不能用被动语态happen,takeplace,appearbut不及物动词带上介词或副词构成的短语,相当于及物动词,后面可带宾语Summarywriting摘要写作1.Thewriterisslowlygoingmad.2.Helivesnearanairport.3.Passingplanescanbeheardnightandday.4.Mo