基于PLC的恒温控制系统解读

本科生毕业论文（设计）题目：基于PLC的恒温控制系统院系：专业：学生姓名：学号：指导教师：二〇一四年五月I摘要在工业控制领域，基于运行稳定性考虑，要对生产过程中的各种物理量进行详细的检测和控制。这在冶金、化工、建材、食品、机械、石油等工业中，具有举足轻重的作用。其中温度控制又以其较为复杂的工艺过程而备受人们关注。所以各种加热炉、热处理炉、反应炉等得到了广泛应用。这些都对温度控制系统的设计提出了更高的要求。本设计采用S7-200PLC对加热炉温度进行控制。随着自动控制技术的迅速发展，PLC对温度的控制技术应用越来越广泛。本文采用PLC对温度进行控制，通过合理的设计，提高温度控制水平，进而改善温度运行的稳定性，使其更加精确。本文主要介绍了温度控制的PLC控制系统总体方案设计、设计过程、组成、梯形图，并给出了系统组成框图，分析流量逻辑关系，提出PLC的编程方法。本系统分析了加热炉温度控制的PID控制原理，设计了系统的数学控制模型以及系统控制框图，用组态王软件组态配置工业控制监控系统，对数据进行实时监控。通过对单回路控制系统的参数整定以及组态王的PID控制程序，实现了加热炉温度的精确控制。通过对PLC程序的仿真调试以及对组态的系统仿真，验证了本加热炉温度控制系统的设计合理性，系统动态响应符合了最初的设计要求，也具有一定的实用价值。关键词：温度控制，可编程控制器，PID，组态王IIAbstractInthefieldofindustrialcontrol,basedontheoperationalstabilityconsiderations,detectionandcontrolofvariousphysicalquantitiesintheproductionprocess.Inthemetallurgical,chemical,buildingmaterials,food,machinery,oilindustry,whichplaysadecisiverole.Temperaturecontrolanditsmorecomplexprocesseshaveattractedmuchattention.Variousfurnace,heattreatmentfurnaces,reactors,etc.hasbeenwidelyapplied.Theseareputforwardhigherrequirementsforthedesignofthetemperaturecontrolsystem.ThisdesignusestheS7-200PLCasthecoreofthefurnacetemperaturecontrol.Withtherapiddevelopmentofautomaticcontroltechnology,PLCtemperaturecontroltechnologyisappliedmoreandmorewidely.ThispaperusedPLCtotemperaturecontrol,throughreasonabledesign,improvethetemperatureofcontrollevel,therebyimprovingthetemperaturestabilityofrunning,makingthemmoreprecise.ThisarticlemainlyintroducedthetemperatureofPLCcontrolsystemdesign,designprocess,composition,liststheflowladderdiagram,andgivestheblockdiagramofthesystem,analyzestheflowoflogicrelation,putforwardPLCprogrammingmethod.Givingsomesuggestions,basicprinciple,basicflowprogrammingideashaveroughlyunderstanding.ThesystemanalysisofthePIDcontrolprincipleofpipelinetemperaturecontrol,hasdesignedthesystemmathematicalmodelandcontrolblockdiagramofcontrolsystem,usingtheKingviewconfigurationsoftwareconfigurationcontrolmonitoringsystem,real-timemonitoringofdata.TheparametersofsingleloopcontrolsystemtuningandKingviewPIDcontrolprocedures,toachievetheprecisecontrolofpipelineflow.ThroughthesimulationanddebuggingofPLCprogramandsystemsimulationoftheKingview,verifytherationalityofthecontrolsystemofthepipelinetemperaturedesign,dynamicresponseofthesysteminlinewiththerequirementsoftheoriginaldesign,andalsohasacertainpracticalvalue.Keywords:TemperatureControl,PLC,PID,KingviewIII目录第一章前言.........................................................................................................................................11.1恒温控制的现状与意义.........................................................................................................11.2系统设计要求.........................................................................................................................21.3设计主要内容.........................................................................................................................3第二章恒温控制系统硬件设计.........................................................................................................52.1总体分析.................................................................................................................................52.2PLC控制系统设计的基本原则和步骤.................................................................................62.2.1PLC控制系统设计的基本原则.........................................................................................62.2.2PLC控制系统设计的一般步骤.........................................................................................72.3PLC的选型与硬件配置.........................................................................................................82.3.1PLC型号的选择.................................................................................................................82.3.2S7-200CPU的选择............................................................................................................92.3.3EM231模拟量输入模块......................................................................................................92.3.4热电偶温度传感器.......................................................................................................102.4I/O地址分配及电气连接图................................................................................................122.5PLC硬件接线图...................................................................................................................12第三章PLC控制系统软件设计..................................................................................................143.1PLC程序设计方法...............................................................................................................143.2编程软件STEP7--MICRO/WIN概述...............................................................................153.2.1STEP7-Micro/WIN简单介绍............................................................................................153.2.2STEP7-Micro/WIN参数设置（通讯设置）.....................................................................163.3基于S7200的PID控制................................................................................................