词法翻译篇练习

词法翻译篇第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一1.他昨天擦破了皮，现在到医院换药去了。Hehadascratchyesterdayandnowhasgonetochangedressing[1]inthehospital.2.佃农家庭的生活自然是很苦的。可是由于母亲聪明能干，却也舒服。Thelifeofatenantfarmer’sfamilywasofcoursehard,butwesomehowmanagedtoscrapealongbecausemotherwasacleverandablewoman.3.豪华家具带给您典雅的欧陆风情。YouwillbeenchantedbytheuniqueEuropeanstyleofFuhuafurniture4.我那新郎官哪！那个死东西！他就是死也不肯仅洞房。Mybetrothed!Damnhim,hesimplyrefusedtocomeintothebridalchamber!二、量词搭配1.一窝蜜蜂aswarmofbees一窝小鸡abroodofchickens一窝幼犬alitterofpups2.一群美女abevyofbeautifulladies一群猎狗apackofhounds一群鸭ateamofducks一群羚羊aherdofantelopes3.积极支持unfailingsupport积极的财政政策proactivefiscalpolicy积极利用国外资源makeeffectiveuseofoverseasresources4.打电话makeaphonecall打的takeataxi打毛衣knitawoolensweater打水fetchwater打农药sprayinsecticide5.基本工资basicwage基本建设capitalconstruction基本物质essentialcommodity基本工业primaryindustry基本利益fundamentalinterest三、翻译句子（“意见”与“事”）1.两位领导就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意见。Thetwoleadersexchangedviewsonbilateralrelationsandissuesofcommonconcern.2.党员应该虚心倾听群众的意见。Partymembersshouldlistencarefullytotheopinionsofthegeneralpublic.3.他们对这项计划提出了修改的意见。Theyofferedsomesuggestionsfortherevisionoftheplan.4.大家对这一做法很有意见。Everyonecomplainedagainstsuchapractice.5.他们在会上闹起了意见。Theyhadadisputeatthemeeting.6.你应该听从医生的意见。Youshouldfollowthedoctor’sadvice.7.他们就此问题取得了一致的意见。Theyreachedaconsensusonthisissue.8.还有些未完成的事要处理。Thereisstillsomeunfinishedbusinesstosettle.9.我们就这件事请教过他。Wehaveconsultedhimaboutthematter.10.请回去吧，这里没你的事了。Pleasegoback.Thereisnothingofyourconcernnow.第二节翻译中的选词那要看情况如何。Thatdependsuponcircumstances.这种情况必须改变。Thisstateofaffairsmustbechanged.他们的情况怎么样？Howdomattersstandwiththem?严格训练，严格要求。Goinforrigoroustrainingandsetstrictdemand.开船setsail开盘openquotation开工gointooperation1.连续下了三天大雨。Itrainedcatsanddogsthreedaysonend/insuccession.2.他爱说大话。Heliketalkingbig/large/horse/tall.Helikessayingbigwords.3.他们在给教师大扫除。Theyaregivingtheclassroomagood(general/spring/thorough)clean.4.他这样的人大有人在。Apersonlikehimisbynomeans/innoway/onnoaccountrare.5.根据你的建议，我们应该办大厂了。Weshouldgoinforindustryinabigwayinaccordancewithyoursuggestion.6.如果你那样干，你大错特错了。Ifyoudoitlikethat,you’llbecompletelymistaken/beabsolutelywrong/makeabigmistake/makeamajorblunder/commitaverygrosserror.第三节翻译中的多样性1.你两个已是情投意合，竟把你许了他，岂不好？ITsoundsasifthetwoofyouarealwaysofonemind.Howwoulditbeifweweetobetrothyoutohim.2.一面说，一面咬牙切齿的，又说道……Throughclenchedteethheadded...3.他倒不怨我，他临死咬牙切齿，倒恨宝玉呢。Sheboremegrudge.ItwasBaoyuwhomadehergrindherteethwithragejustbeforeshedied4.凤姐忙收了怯色，反喝道：“死了罢了，有什么大惊小姑的！”ButafterherinitialfrightXifengputonaboldface.“Ifshe’sdead,”sheretorted,“What’sallthefussabout?”成语翻译1.我说你“得陇望蜀”呢。Themoreyouget,themoreyouwant.2.得陇望蜀，人之常情。It’sonlynaturalformantohankerformore.3.他们两个鬼鬼祟祟的，不知道在说些什么。Goodnessknowswhatthey’rebeingsosecretiveabout.4.这两天她经常往这里跑，鬼鬼祟祟的，不知干些什么事。She’sbeencreepinginherethelastcoupleofdaysinaverysneakyway.Goodnessknowswhatshe’supto.5.谁告诉你们了？你们这样大惊小怪的。Whotoldyoutomakesuchafussovernothing?6.还是随便一点吧，不必大惊小怪的。Anythingwilldo;don’tfuss.7.奶奶病着呢，别大惊小怪的Ourgrandmaisill;don’tkickupsuchashindy[2].8.大家听了，说：“我当是谁呢，这样大惊小怪的。没必要吧。”Whenothersheardthistheycommented,“Wethoughtitwassomeonewhomattered,butthisisn’tworthmakingsuchafussabout.”第二章词法翻译得到一般技巧第一节对等译法一、翻译句子1.只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。Onlywhentheyfindmuchincommonandhopetokeepintouchlateron,willtheyoffertheircards.2.再例如，作为一个中国人，经书不可不读。我年过三十才知道读书自修的重要。Anotherexample.ThereadingofChineseclassicsisamustforallChinese.Nevertheless,itwasnotuntilIwasover30thatIcametorealizetheimportanceofself-studyinthematterofclassics.3.寄语年轻朋友，千万要持之以恒地从事运动，这不是嬉戏，不是浪费时间。健康的身体是做人做事的真正本钱。Dearyoungfriends,myadvicetoyou：Dophysicalexercisesperseveringly.Thathasnothingtodowithmerry-makingortime-wasting.Goodhealthisthewherewithal[3]forasuccessfullifeandcareer.二、翻译成语浑水摸鱼fishintroubledwaters称心如意beafterone’sownheart皮包骨头skinandbones一触即发touchandgo一语道破hitthenailonthehead出人头地beheadandshouldersaboveothers充耳不闻turnadeafearto破釜沉舟burnone’sboat视而不见turnablindeyeto大海捞针lookforaneedleinabundleofhay三、翻译谚语熟能生巧Practicemakesperfect.欲速则不达Morehaste,lessspeed.出门一里，不如家里。Eastorwest,homeisbest.拉入篮里就是菜。Allisfishthatcomestothenet.皇天不负有心人。Everythingcomestohimwhowaits.小巫见大巫。Themoonisnotseenwhenthesunshines三思而后行。Lookbeforeyouleap.无风不起浪。Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.第二节增词译法一、注意增补代词请把练习本交上来。Handinyourexercise-book,please.我不能用英语表达思想。Ican’texpressmyselfinEnglish.自由主义观有各种表现。Liberalismmanifestsitselfinvariousways.不要过分劳累。Don’toverworkyourself.我想借此机会向你们表达我们的感谢。Iwishtoavailmyselfofthisopportunitytoexpressourgratitudetoyou.二、注意增补动词他们意气风发。Theyareinhighspirits.他们喜形于色。Theybeamedwithjoy.他眼明手快。Heisquickofeyeanddeftofhand.这篇文章浅显易懂。Thisarticleiseasytoreadandunderstand.我对他敬而远之。Istoodalooffromhim.三、从文化角度增补词语凭你有李、杜的文，颜、曾的行，却是也没一个人来问你。YoumighthavethegeniusofLiBaiorDuFu,whowasagreatpoetintheTangDynasty,andthemoralworthofYanHuiorZengShen—bothofthemweredisciplesofConfucius,noonewouldaskyouradvice.班门弄斧toshowoffone’sproficiencywiththeaxbeforeLuBanthemastercarpenter济公劫富济贫Jigong,RobinHoodinChina,robbedtherichandhelpedthepoor百花齐放letahundredflowersbloom,permittheairingofconflictingviews黑孩子blackchildren,whoareborninviolationofChina’sone-childpolicy第