新版高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧精选2756

高考阅读指导之猜测词义。1高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求要求考生读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：１、理解主旨要义；２、理解文中具体信息(细节题)；３、根据上下文推断生词的词义；４、作出简单判断和理解；５、理解文章的基本结构；６、理解作者的意图和态度。。21.Theunderlinedword“…”refersto(means/standsfor).2.Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceof/bereplacedbytheword“…”?3.Whatisthemeaningof“…”asthewordsareusedinthetext?4.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheword“…”?常见词义猜测题型。3考查方向：１、熟词新意，即熟悉词汇的陌生含义；２、复合词的含义理解，对于衍生词汇的理解能力；３、根据上下文对代词的指代含义的理解能力；４、根据上下文对不认识单词的词义判断能力；５、对谚语、俗语、俚语含义的理解能力；６、通过近义词、反义词和常识理解词汇的能力。。41.Definition定义法3.Similarity相似法2.Contrast对比法4.Causeandeffect因果法5.Example例举法8.CommonSense普通常识6.WordFormation构词法猜测词义技巧7.Context上下文。5Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.1.Definition定义法：一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。(adj.易碎的,脆的)Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.(n.牧羊人)。6定义常见词汇及短语：becalled,beknown,bedefinedas,constitute,referto等词汇或冒号，括号，破折号等。解释常见词汇及短语：or,thatistosay,inotherwords,toputitanotherway等引出一些解释性的短语或句子。。72.Contrast对比法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。表示对比的词有but,yet,while、however,otherwiseontheotherhand,onthecontrary,incontrast,inspiteof,instead等。。8Mostofusagreed,however,Billdissented.Sheisusuallypromptforallherclasses,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.A.ontimeB.lateC.slowlyD.quicklyA(v.不同意)。93.Similarity相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。Cleaningupwaterwaysisangigantictask.Thejobissolarge,infact,thatthegovernmentmaynotbeabletosavesomeoftheriversandlakeswhichhavebeenpolluted.(adj.巨大的;极大的)。104.CauseandEffect因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。Onewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothing.Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.(adj.贫穷的,穷困的)(concentrate/focusherattentionon)。11因果关系常见词汇及短语：since,as,because,for,dueto,owingto,forthereasonthat,resultfrom,so,therefore,thus,consequently,resultin等。。125.Example例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有forinstance,forexample,suchas,like等。Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.(n.电器用具)。136.WordFormation构词法：英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义，即派生。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了;另外还有合成与转化。。14常见的前缀和后缀如：super-(超)mini-(迷你的,微小的)micro-（微小的）re-（再，反复）mis-（误，恶）im-（不）un-（不，非）in-（不，非）non-（不，非）-able（能…的）-less（不，无）-wards(向)。15supermanmicrowave(超人)nonnaturalmispronouce(非自然的)antiageingnonsmoker(抗衰老的)shewolfsleep-walk(母狼)Canyouguesstherightmeanings?(微波)(非烟民)(发错音)(梦游)。16Eg.I’mgoingtobuyamicrobus.micro+bus微型公共汽车。17Lionsareopportunists.Theyprefertoeatwithouthavingtodotoomuchwork.…Ifanotheranimalhasmadeakill,theywilldriveitoffandtakethekillforthemselves.Bydescribinglionsas“opportunist”,theauthormeanstosaythatlions____.A.arecruelanimalsB.arecleveranimalsC.liketotakeadvantageofotheranimalsD.liketotakeeverychancetoeat7.Context上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。。188.Commonsense普通常识：根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义。在阅读的过程中，如遇到生词，有时可以根据自身的直接或间接的经验，或运用自己已有的常识将其推测出来。比如了解一些英美国家的天文地理、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、政治结构、社会制度等，可以帮助加深对文章的理解，遇到生词时，猜测词义的能力自然就会增强。Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient，heusuallygivesananesthetictomakehimunconscious，becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.n.麻醉剂(药)。19practicemakesperfect。201.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.A.weakB.firmC.kindD.clever2.Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.活泼的B.好动的C.多嘴多舌的D.可爱的3.Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.A.便士B.温饱C.非常贫困D.虚弱小试身手。214.Writtenlanguagetendstobestatic,whilespokenlanguageconstantlychanges.5.Doyouknowwhata“territory”is?Aterritoryisanareathatananimal,usuallythemale,claims（声称）asitsown.6.Williamshakesparesaid.“thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn（纱线），goodandilltogether.”Theunderlinedword“mingled”mostprobablymeansa．Simpleb．mixedc．sadd．happy稳定的动物的地盘。227.Socialmobilityisthemovementfromoneclassorleveloflivingtoanother.8.Theotherquestionedtheveracity--–thetruthfulnessofthesereports.社会流动性真实性。239.Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.一片混乱10.Ifyouarecapableofworkingtwelvehoursadaywithoutarest,andifyoucanengageinphysicalexerciseforhourswithoutseemingtogettired,thenyouareindefatigable.不知疲倦的。24。25