初中英语动名词和不定式归纳

一．Doing的用法1．动词＋doing(只能加doing的动词)Like/dislike/enjoy/havefundoing喜欢做considerdoing考虑做mind(sb)doing介意做imaginedoing想象做suggestdoing建议做practicedoing练习做finishdoing结束做whatabout/howaboutdoingsth做某事如何Thankyoufordoingsth.为…感谢某人atthebeginningof的起初；……的开始keep/go/(on)/continuedoing持续做can’thelpdoing情不自禁做can’tstanddoing不能忍受做feellikedoing想要做bebusydoing忙于做某事go+doing(goshopping)去做某事no+doing禁止做某事beworthdoing值得做bebusydoingsth忙于做某事can’tstopdoingsth忍不住做某事spendtime/money(in)doing花费时间做某事wastetime/money(in)doing浪费时间做某事considerdoingsth考虑做某事havetrouble/difficulty/problems/experience(in)doing做某事有困难/有经验usedtodo过去常常做某事be/getusedfordoingsth=beusedtodosth.被用来作某事be/get/usedtodoing习惯于做某事payattentiontodoing注意做某事holdontodoingsth坚持做某事lookforwardtodoing期望做某事beinterestedindoing=takeaninterestindoing对---感兴趣begoodatdoingsth=dowellindoingsth.擅长作某事about:beworriedaboutdoing担忧做beembarrassedabout尴尬做beannoyedabout反感做with:bepleasedwithdoing对做---满意preferdoingtodoing宁愿—也不愿without:withoutdoing没做from:stopsb(from)doing=preventsbfromdoing=keepsbfromdoing(但keepsbdoing使某人不停的做)by:bydoing通过做二．动词＋doing和todo意义无大区别begindoing/begintodostartdoing/starttodo开始做continuedoing/todo持续做likedoing/liketodolovedoing/lovetodo喜欢做hatedoing/hatetodo讨厌做三．动词＋doing和todo意义不同forgetdoing忘记做过某事forgettodo忘记去做某事（还未做）rememberdoing记得做过某事remembertodo记得要去做某事（还未做）stopdoing=giveupdoingsth停止做某事stoptodo停下来去做另一件事try/tryone’sbesttodo尽力做needdoing需要被做(主语指物)needtodo需要做（主语指人）四．动词＋todoagreetodo同意做wanttodo想要做wouldliketodo想要做，愿意做decidetodo决定做hope/wishtodo希望做plantodo计划做besupposedtosth=shoulddosth应该做某事learntodo学会做be/makesuretosth确定做某事offertodo主动要求做help(to)do/helpsbwithsth帮着做affordtodo担负得起做refusetodo拒绝做regrettodo遗憾地做daretodo敢做seemtodo似乎做promisetodo许诺做can’twaittodo迫不及待做pretendtodo假装做usedtodo过去常常做gettodo逐渐做havesth/nothingtodo有某事要做it’sone’sdutytodosth做某事是某人的责任makeup/changeone’smindtodosth.下定/改变某人决心做某事thewaytodosth＝thewayofdoingsth做某方面的方法thewayto+地方去哪的路其他用法：疑问词+todowhen/where/what/how/which/whether…todo形式主语：主语+think/feel/find…it+形容词+for(中性词).+todoit+形容词+of(褒/贬义词).+todotoo+形容词+todosth=notenoughtodo=sothatittakessb.sometimetodosth.besorry/lucky/happy/glad/pleasedtodo很抱歉/开心幸运动词+sb.+todoallowsbtodo允许某人做某事getsb.todo让某人做某事asksb.todo让某人做某事tellsb.todo让某人做某事urgesbtodo争论做某事want/wouldlikesb.todo想要做某事encouragesb.todo鼓励某人做某事teachsb.todo教某人做某事trainsb.todo训练某人做某事advisesb.todo建议做人某事leadsb.todo领导某人做某事misleadsb.todo误导某人做invitesb.todo邀请某人做某事expectsb.todo期待某人做remindsb.todo提醒某人做(但remindsbofdoing使某人想起做过某事)五．动词+sb.+dosee/watch/hear/feel/noticesbdosth看见/听见/感觉/注意某人做某事see/watch/hear/feel/noticesbdoingsth看见/听见/感觉/注意某人正在做某事其他不带to的不定式Whynotdosth=whydon’tdosth为什么不做某事letsbdosth让某人做某事makesbdosth让某人做某事bemadetodousth被迫做某事hadbetterdo最好做wouldratherdothando宁愿做某事而不厌做某事prefertodoratherthando宁愿做某事而不厌做某事情态动词+do动词原形will/would/can/may/might/must/should/shall+doto表示“的”thekeytothedoor门的钥匙thekey/answertothequestion问题的答案thesolutiontoaproblem问题的解决thewaytosp.去某地的路a+形容词+placetodo一个做某事的地方atickettosp.(aticketfor+比赛名称)一张什么的票句型；It’stimetodosth.It’stimeforsth该作某事的时候了.动词做句子的主语，可用动名词ing可用不定式todo，一般用ing。另：不定式做主语大多表示将来表目的。祈使句肯定句全用动词原形开头；Openthedoor,please.Keepquiet.否定用Don’t+do原形开头Don’tsleep/speak.So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语‘也一样’--Sheisastudent.--SoamI.So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词‘确实如此’_-Mysisterlikeseatingapples.-Soshedoes.Neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语…也不一样(用于否定句)--Heisaworker.--Neither/nor/me“出什么毛病了”What’sthemattertrouble/with…?=What’swrongwith…?=What’sup?Whathappensto…?发生于某人身上名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式：如：Thecomputerwasagreatinvention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)Thewaterintheglassisverycold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)2、集体名词(如family,class,team,group,row,police,school等)做句子主语时,如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：ClassThreeisaverygoodclass.(三班是好班)如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：ClassThreehaveamapofChina.(三班有张中国地图)3、Chinese,Japanese,fish,sheep,people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如：Thereisasheepintheyard.(院子里有只绵羊)/Therearesomesheepintheyard.(院子里有一些绵羊)4、maths,news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：Thenewsisveryexciting.(这个消息令人兴奋)5、glasses,shoes,socks,trousers,gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如：ThetrousersareverycheapandIwanttotakethem.(裤子很便宜,我想买)6、alotof后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：Alotofstudentsareplayingbaseballnow.(现在有许多学生在打垒球)Alotoftimewaswastedonthatwork.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)7、and连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如：Theteacherandhissonarepickingapplesnow.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果)/Fishandchipsisveryfamousfood.(鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)8、therebe句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：Thereisatableandfourchairsintheroom.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如：BothyouandIarerequiredtobeheretomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：Awomanwitha7-year-oldchildwasstandingatthesideoftheroad.(一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)11、either…or…或者neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如：Eitheryouorheisright.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的)/NeitheryounorIamgoingthere.(你和我都不打算去那里)12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。如：Twomonthsisnotashorttime.(两个月不是个短时间)Twothousandkilometersisquitealongdistance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)13、主语中含有halfof…/(threequarters)of…/all(of)the….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如：OverthreequartersoftheinformationontheInternetisinEnglish.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的)/Athirdofthestudentswereplayingnear